【最新】电大公共关系学期末复习试题及参考答案小抄.doc

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1、【最新】电大公共关系学期末复习试题及参考答案小抄一、名词解释(每小题5分,共15分)1顺意公众:又称为支持公众,是指对组织持赞赏、支持、合作和信任态度的公众。他们是推动组织发展变化的基本公众和主要力量2企业使命:就是企业根据社会分工和自身的条件,准备在社会上发挥的作用和承担的角色。企业使命回答了企业“于什么”的问题,是企业理念系统中最基本的构成要素3庆典活动:是指组织在其内部发生值得庆祝的重要事件时,或围绕重要节日而举行的庆祝活动,一般将其作为一种制度和礼仪二、单项选择题(请将正确答案的字母序号填在括号内。每题1分,共15分)1组织开展公共关系活动的基础是(C)。A公共关系意识B公共关系观念

2、C公共关系状态D公共关系策划21906年,艾维李发表的著名文件是(B)。A有效的公共关系B原则宣言 C公众舆论的形成D公共关系学3树立交往合作的观念,提高社交能力属于公共关系的(B)。A优化环境功能B提高素质功能 C塑造形象功能D协调关系功能4与公共关系部比较,公共关系公司的长处之一是(D)。A熟悉组织情况B接近客户 C工作连续性、持久性D职业水准较高5 建设型公关主要适用于组织发展的(A)。A初创时期B顺利发展时期 C与公众不协调时期D严重失调时期6人们思想中不想向他人公开的内容是(C)。A共同经验区B开放区 C秘密区D个人经验区7搞开放组织活动(D)。A应完全公开 B应加强保密工作 C只公

3、开组织的过去 D既公开又不能泄密8 在社交活动中,人与人的距离保持约在o45122米属于(AA个人距离B公共距离 C亲密距离D社交距离9谈判工作的第四个阶段是(B)。A交锋阶段C妥协阶段 C概说阶段D协议阶段10展览会的类型,属于按项目分的是(D)。A宣传展览会B室内展览会 C露天展览会D专项展览会11象征物属于组织VI系统的(A)。A基本要素B传播要素C广告要素 D应用要素12中国妇女穿着旗袍适宜出席的场合是(D)。A谈判B旅行 C会议D社交13可以绕过“把关人”控制的传播媒介是(B)。A 报纸B互联网 C电视D广播14在人际传播的过程中,传播速度快,规范性强,但信息经过层层筛选,可能造成失

4、真的传播模式是( B)。A辐射式B链式 C交结式DG形网络15企业“言必信,行必果”,一诺千金,不缺斤少两,不以次充好,不欺诈,属于企业“CS战略”中的(C)。A理念满意B产品满意 C行为满意D服务满意三、多项选择题(在下列各题的备选答案中,选择2至5个正确的。多选、少选、错选均不得分。每题1分,共10分)1根据公众与组织发生关系的时序特征,可以把公众分类为(CDE)A首要公众B内部公众C潜在公众D知晓公众 E行动公众2公共关系产生的社会条件是(ABCD)。A理论条件B经济条件 C政治条件D技术条件 E民众条件3把求真务实的原则贯彻到调查工作中应做到(ABCD)。A真实B客观 C公正D 全面

5、E正义4公共关系部在组织中的决策参谋地位,主要是由以下方面的职能决定的(ACDE)A资料储存中心B领导指挥中心 C信息发布中心D环境监测中心 E公众接待中心5电视作为大众传播媒介的缺点包括(ABCE)。A记录性较差 B公众选择余地小 C接收方式不灵活 D制作周期长 E制作费用高6人际传播的线路模型主要包括(ABCE)。A交结式BG形网络 C辐射式D环式 E链式7演讲的形态艺术包括ABDE)。A表情B手势 C语音D站姿 Z目光8组织举办庆典活动的具体形式包括(ABCDE)。A开幕庆典B周年庆典 C节庆活动D闭幕庆典 E特别庆典9CI设计的基本原则包括(ABCDE)。A客观性 B系统性 C社会性

6、D稳定性 E差异性10在公关礼仪中,尊重公众的原则包括尊重公众的(ABCD)A人格B权利 C 爱好D 性格 E 地位四、判断题(在你认为正确的题前画“”,不正确的画“X”。每题1分,共10分)(Y)1公共关系特指组织与公众之间的传播沟通关系。(N)2艾维李创办世界上第一家宣传事务顾问所。(N)3公共关系完全是为组织营造生存、发展环境服务的。(N)4社会组织与政府有关部门之间的沟通是单向的。(Y)5辐射式传播的特点是便于集中领导,信息传递速度快,失真少;但在这种人际关系网络中,成员之间联系较少。(N)6在整个企业识别系统中,行为识别应当是理念识别的静态延伸。(N)7去阿拉伯人家中做客,最好公开赞

7、美一件物品。(N)8在为他人介绍时,要遵循“尊者优先”的原则,即先把地位高者介绍给地位低者。( Y)9所谓名牌就是公众通过对企业及其产品的品质和价值而加以确认的著名产品。(N)10与企业相比,事业团体的突出特点是非营利性,与政府机关相比,事业团体的主要特点是权威性。五、简答题(每题10分,共30分)1为了使公关策划不断创新,有哪些思路(请举出实例)可供借鉴?答;答题要点:我们认为有以下几个方面可供借鉴:(1)大胆设计,敢于开创前人没有发现的新形式。(1分)例如1993年,香港奥美广告公司为杭州西泠冰箱厂设计的公关广告,买下了上海文汇报第一版的整个版面,创造了新中国报刊史和广告史的第一次,造成了

8、巨大的社会影响。(举出实例可给1分)(2)移植与再造相结合。从事公关工作的人员,在教科书上,报刊杂志上,或道听途说其它公司的先进经验,只要本地区尚无人使用,就可以大胆借鉴,移植使用。(2分)(3)角度转换,逆向思维,寻求突破。许多常规的公关活动样式立意虽好,但因多次被采用而失去了新意。(2分)如一般的厂庆、店庆活动都是盛大集会,但安徽的合肥百货公司却在40周年庆典之际,开展了百日监督活动,请顾客监督服务质量,多提宝贵意见,收到良好的宣传效果。(举出实例可给2分)(4)排列组合,以旧翻新。其它组织或自己曾经搞过的活动形式,经过转换顺序,变换形式的方法,仍能取得意想不到的效果。(2分)2你认为良好

9、的员工关系对企业有什么意义?答:答题要点:员工关系是指在企业内部管理过程中形成的人事关系,其具体对象包括全体职员、工人、管理干部。员工是企业最重要的内部公众,是内求团结的首要对象。(2分)良好的员工关系可促使企业的决策及行为能充分体现企业与员工双方的共同利益,能反映双方的愿望和要求,能说服员工将个体利益目标追求寓于企业整体利益目标之中,达成双方的相互信任与合作关系。(2分)员工是形成组织力量的主体,是企业创一流产品或服务的主力军,是塑造和推销组织形象的积极因素。(2分)建立良好的员工关系,其意义主要表现在以下两个方面:第一,企业需要通过员工的认可和支持来增加内聚力;(2分)第二,企业需要通过全

10、员公共关系来增强外张力。(2分)3如何按照公众的态度对其进行分类?答:答题要点;一个组织面临的各种公众,由于他们所处不同的地位和环境,捞演的社会角色以及主观认识水平等条件,而形成对组织的不同态度。(2分)我们可根据公众对组织是否具有合作态度将其分为以下三类:(1)顺意公众。又称为支持公众,是指对组织持赞赏、支持、合作和信任态度的公众。他们是推动组织发展变化的基本公众和主要力量。(1分)一个组织的公共关系工作,其首要目标是保持和扩大顺意公众的队伍,经常与他们沟通联系,不使他们的态度发生逆转,不让他们被竞争对手争取过去。(1分)(2)逆意公众。又称为敌对公众,是指对组织持反对意见,不合作态度,甚至

11、采取敌对立场的公众。他们是公共关系工作的重要对象。(1分)逆意公众的形成一般有两种原因:一种是在利益上与组织发生冲突;另一种是由于沟通不畅对组织的政策和行为产生了误解。在公共关系工作中,如何争取逆意公众的转变是一个难题,但又不能因为这是一个难题而放弃做对逆意公众向顺意公众转化的工作。(2分)(3)独立公众。又称为中立公众或不确定公众,是指那些持中立态度或态度不明朗,或未表态的公众。(2分)由于独立公众的态度具有极大的可塑性,他们既可以向顺意公众转化,也可以向逆意公众转化,宜采取说服、争取的工作方式,争取他们向组织有利的方向转化,绝不能掉以轻心。(1分)六、案例分析(20分)杜邦“胜利大逃亡”2

12、004年7月9日,美国环保署宣称,杜邦“特富龙”的关键原料全氟辛酸铵,可能会致癌或影响生育。这场风波在中国市场引起强烈反应,杜邦不粘锅销量急剧下降,有些商场开始停售杜邦不粘锅,国家相关机构开始介入。2004年?月20日下午,杜邦中国公司在北京召开媒体见面会。杜邦中国公司总裁查布朗在新闻发布会上与记者见面,三位在杜邦美国总部负责“氟产品”的技术专家也携带相关技术资料来到北京,回答记者及消费者的问题。接着,美国杜邦总裁贺利得接受人民日报采访,向外界宣称:“我们可以拿整个杜邦公司的名誉作担保,杜邦不粘锅绝对安全。”2004年10月13日,国家质检总局在对特富龙的检测结果中,证明特富龙无毒。10月14

13、日,有关特富龙无毒的报道铺天盖地,虽角度各异,但主题却只有一个:杜邦特富龙没毒,并且以前也都一直没有存在过。案例思考:杜邦公司面临的是一种什么样的公关危机?杜邦公司的危机公关对我们有什么启示?(要求写出一篇400字左右的案例分析)答:题要点:杜邦公司面对的是一种因公众误解而造成的公关危机。首先是权威机构的误解,美国环保署宣称,杜邦“特富龙”的关键原料全氟辛酸铵,可能会致癌或影响生育。其次是中国相关机构的误解,媒体广泛报道了这一事件,相关机构介入调查。最后是广大消费者的误解,由于担心不粘锅有毒,致使其销量大幅度下降。(5分)杜邦“特富龙事件”,可谓危机公关方面一个教科书式的生动案例。一系列的危机

14、公关,让我们看到了杜邦应对危机的丰富智慧、良好素质、有序管理和层层递进。杜邦“特富龙”危机公关对中国企业至少有如下启示:(1)对新闻媒体的危机公关必须主动、积极。2004年7月20日下午,杜邦中国公司在北京召开媒体见面会。抓紧时机向中国媒介及广大的社会公众进行解释。(5分)(2)杜邦处理此次危机的态度极为诚恳、权威。杜邦中国公司总裁查布朗在新闻发布会上与记者见面,三位在杜邦美国总部负责“氟产品”的技术专家也携带相关技术资料来到北京,回答记者及消费者的问题。美国杜邦总裁贺利得接受人民日报采访,向外界宣称:“我们可以拿整个杜邦公司的名誉作担保,杜邦不粘锅绝对安全。”(5分)(3)积极配合中国相关机

15、构的检查。2004年lo月13日,国家质检总局在对“特富龙”的检测结果中,证明“特富龙”无毒。中国的多家媒体对这一检测结果进行了报道,从而消除了各方面的误解,恢复了公众对杜邦不粘锅的信任。(5分)单选题:1、 现代公共关系传播本质是组织与公众之间信息的(双向交流)2、 组织开展公共关系活动的基础是(公共)3、 利用新闻媒介揭露垄断企业“愚弄公众”的现象,形成了美国近代史上著名的运动是(揭丑运动)4、 被誉为公共关系学之父的时(伯尼斯)5、 1952年,卡特里普和森特出版了权威的公共关系学著作(有效的公共关系)6、 树立交往合作的观念,提高社交能力属于公共关系的(提高素质功能)7、 分析组织的自

16、我形象玉实际形象之间的现实距离时使用(形象要素差距图)8、 企业言必信,行必果,一诺千斤少两,不以次充好,不欺诈,属于企业CS战略中得(行为满意)9、 公共判断的第三个阶段是(交锋阶段)10、 服装的样式非常多,我们只能简单低将其分为(西装)社交装和便装三种。11、 对组织持赞赏支持、合作和新人态度的公众是(顺义公众)12、 策划海斯事件为企业进行宣传的时(巴纳姆)13、 组织形象处于最佳状态的时(高知名度、高美誉度)14、 印刷精美,表现力强的传播媒介是(杂志)15、 把重点事情实和主要结论放在文章的最前边,然后按事实重要性摆列时间的新闻公报结构式(倒金字塔结构)16、 成员之间联系少,群体

17、气氛不一定和谐,很难产生激励效应的人际传播线路是(辐射式)请删除O(_)O谢谢: Foreigners flock to Chinas porcelain capital Preserving the ancient traditions Foreigners flock to Chinas porcelain capital Jingdezhen raises porcelain standard Citys long history of fine ceramics lures followers from across the world, report Peng Yining and

18、Hu Kaiyong in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi province. Dressed in paint-stained coveralls, China De La Vega easily navigated the maze of alleyways running alongside a ceramics factory in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi province.The 31-year-old Australian potter and painter wound her way through armies of one-meter-high ce

19、ramic Buddhas and piles of porcelain shards while nodding greetings to the workers and residents. She said the locals are used to seeing foreigners in Jingdezhen, Chinas porcelain capital, where fine ceramics have been produced for more than 1,700 years, attracting numerous porcelain pilgrims from a

20、cross the globe. Unlike huge Chinese metropolises such as Beijing and Shanghai, Jingdezhen is a prefecture-level city with no bar streets or international stores that are popular among expatriates. But despite its lack of Western chain stores, Jingdezhen is one of the most international cities in in

21、land China, with ceramic studios owned by foreigners dotting the streets, the surrounding countryside and even remote mountaintops. When she first visited the city in 2011, De La Vega was impressed by the discarded pieces of porcelain she found lying around. I dug out many pieces from the soil aroun

22、d the ceramics works - all the old Buddha heads, hands and feet, which I rebuilt into new sculptures and used in my next exhibition in Australia, she said. I love this place because the process of making ceramics is a very peaceful one. Visa-free policy brings Chengdu biz, tourism boost. Making nati

23、onal headlines several times, Chengdus 72-hour visa-free policy has attracted wide attention from both Chinese and foreign experts and businessmen since it took effect on Sept 1 last year. The program permits citizens from 51 countries and regions including the United States, Australia, Canada and J

24、apan who have valid visas and flight tickets to a third country to spend three days in the city. The capital of Sichuan province is the first city in the western region of China to offer foreign tourists a three-day visa and the fourth nationwide to adopt the policy following Shanghai, Beijing and G

25、uangzhou. Li Zhiyong, deputy dean of the tourism institute at Sichuan University, said the move contributes to a large increase in the number of overseas tourists and raises the citys level of internationalization. The policy will also bring direct economic revenue, Li said. Chengdu has many cultura

26、l legacies and is also a paradise for panda lovers with the worlds largest breeding and research center. Three days are long enough for foreign visitors to visit those iconic tourist spots, he noted. The city is home to the remains of the Jin sha civilization that dates back more than 3,000 years as

27、 well as the Qing cheng Mountains and the Du jiang yan irrigation system. Qing cheng has long been recognized as the birthplace of Taoism, Chinas ancient indigenous religion, while Du jiang yan is considered to be the oldest functioning water-control project in the world. Chengdu ranked third in tou

28、rist facilities, management and services among 60 Chinese cities in a customer satisfaction survey released last year. But, Li added that efforts are still needed to develop more tourism products, improve English services and provide accurate translation of traffic signs and scenic billboards. Zhao

29、Yun, chairwoman of British Chamber of Commerce Southwest China, told China Daily that his colleagues found the policy very convenient. A British client once flew here and stayed for just one day to check her ordered goods, she said. Zhao was born in Shanxi province, but she has lived in Chengdu for

30、more than 10 years. My life was like a running race moving from place to place. I also lived in Beijing and Shanghai before, she said. But Chengdu is a place that you never want to leave once settling down. It is now my second hometown, she said. If the environment is further improved, the city will

31、 attract more people to visit and live, with the 72-hour visa-free policy and compelling conditions in transportation, culture, climate and cuisine, he said. Foreigners also gave positive feedback on the policy. A spokesman from Dell Inc said the company has a global hub of operation in Chengdu, so

32、the three-day visa has an immediate and positive influence on the companys business development. Rudy Buttignol, president of the public broadcasting company in British Columbia, Canada, said his work requires frequent travel to Chengdu and the policy makes the trips easier. Data from the citys publ

33、ic security bureau shows some 100 foreign visitors enjoyed the 72-hour policy by the end of March, most of them from the United States, the United Kingdom and Germany. Chengdu also reported robust growth in its overall tourist industry last year. Official statistics show that it received some 150 mi

34、llion tourists last year, an increase of 28 percent from 2012. Around 1.7 million came from abroad, an increase of 12 percent. Total revenue from tourism surpassed 133 billion yuan ($21.7billion). During his visit to Kazakhstan in September, Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed that China and Centr

35、al Asia join hands to build a Silk Road economic belt to boost cooperation. The idea has been widely echoed in Central Asian countries, becoming an encouraging blueprint for Chinese areas along the Silk Road that has linked Asia and Europe for more than 2,000 years. In the next three weeks, China Da

36、ily reporters will travel through the belt in China and in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkey. They will show the progress and expectations of the countries, businesses and peoples on the route. Shaanxi - the start of the ancient Silk Road - has positioned itself as the new starting point for the dev

37、elopment of the Silk Road Economic Belt, which will strengthen Chinas cooperation with Central Asian countries, a senior official said. Shaanxi Governor Lou Qinjian said the province is fresh, rich and unique, as it was when it anchored one end of the ancient Silk Road. It is the best option for acc

38、ommodating industrial transfers from East China or the world at large, he said on Wednesday in Xian. Lou held a joint interview with 27 media, including China Daily, the first in a series of interviews entitled Chinese Media Along the Silk Road. The interviews will be in Shaanxi and Gansu provinces

39、and the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, as well as Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkey. The media group held the first interview on Wednesday morning in Xian, the starting point of the ancient Silk Road, a trade channel established more than 2,000 years ago linking China, Central Asia and Europe.The

40、 pursuit of beauty is a common goalfor most women, whether they live in the modern world today or in the modest times of the past. The pursuit of beauty is also a life-long journey, something that demands perseverance and commitment.Summer is here, and so are thehot temperatures, humidair and harmfu

41、l UV rays. Most Chinese women perfer fairer complexions, which means they have to do more work to stay beautiful during the hottest timeof the year.However, without SPF50 sunscreens and air conditioned rooms, how didwomen in ancient Chinacope with the heat and remain beauty-conscious? In this article, youll discover that aside from todays botox and face lifts, thereare much more that ancient wisdom has to offer. 5 / 5

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