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1、1.used to与would 的区别表示过去的继续状态或过去的习惯（和现在与未来相比）时，通常要用used to,而不用would.在表示过去的习惯是两者都可以用。但是would常表示含用感情成分的主观意思，而used to则表较客观的意思。used to表示相当长时间的习惯，而would则表示某动作对的重复，其习惯的意味较淡,因此通常与often, sometime等词连用eg: He would say so when he was young.他年轻时常这么说。 He used to be a naughty boy.他从前是一个顽皮的孩子。相似短语区别：be/get used to
2、sth/doing sth 习惯于、开始习惯于做.eg: I am used to traveling by air and only one occasion have I ever felt frightened .我习惯了乘飞机旅行，只有一次可把我吓坏了。be used to do 被用来做.eg: In our school ,candles are used to give light when electricity is cut off.在我们学校停电时，就用蜡烛来照明。固定用法:There used to be 某地过去有某物eg: There used to be a swi
3、mming pool in our school.我们镇上过去有一个游泳池。2.a bit 和 a little 二者都可以修饰形容词或副词的原级或比较级。eg: Its a bit /a little cold today.今天有点冷。a little可以直接加名词，而a bit必须加of后才能加名词。eg：a little bread =a bit of bread一点儿面包a few bits of wood几片木片not a bit 意为“一点也不”相当于not at all而not at all则意为非常，表示肯定的意思。eg：He is not a bit surprised at
4、 the news.他对此消息一点也不吃惊。He is not a little surprised at the news.他对此消息非常吃惊。He was not a little surprised.他颇为惊讶。 bit前可以用人称代词，意为“某人的一份力量”而little无此用法。eg: We should do our bit for our country.我们为自己的祖国尽自己的一份力。 Little does he know about his illness.他对病情知道的很少。3challenging n/v. 挑战 作动词是用于challengingto或challeng
5、eto do结构，意为“向挑战.”eg: The school challenged us to a game of football.那学校向我们挑战足球赛。 The present world is full of challenges and well as opportunities .当今社会充满机遇和挑战。challenging adj.引发兴趣的，是思考的，激发干劲的eg：a challenging problemspendon/in doing以人做主语 lost则以物作主语It take sb some time to do sth pay+ money+ for以人作主语4
6、. free adj免费的，空闲的eg: a free time空闲时间All the books were given away free.所有的书都是免费赠的。5. drop v.放弃，断绝（往来），地下，落下。n .滴，点eg: drop sb. a line 写封短信 drop in on sb. 造访某人drop in at some place 造访某地He seems to have dropped most of his friends.他好像与大多数的朋友不在交往了。He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet.他搬起石头砸
7、己的脚。A job of ink may make a million think.一滴墨水写成的字可让千万人思索。6. miss v. 错过，失去，想念，思念Miss doing sth.思念/错过做某事He threw the ball to me ,but I missed it.他把球人给我，但是我没接住。Being too tired ,he narrowly missed crashing in to the tree.太累了，他差一点就撞到树上了。Im sure that everybody will miss him very much.我相信每个人都会怀念他。7. relax
8、 vt.vi 使松弛，放松，松懈 relax one s muscles放松注意力 relax one s attention放松注意力 relax one s pace.放松步伐 relax one s mind使脑子得到休息8.比较：relaxed和relaxing relaxed 感到轻松的 relaxing令人轻松的He is feeling relaxed now.现在他感到轻松The music is relaxing.音乐使人轻松 relaxation n./v.放松，消遣，娱乐，c为消遣所做的事9. compare vt.比较，对照 compare A with B把A和B作比
9、较eg: Compare this one with that ,and you will see the difference.把这个和那个比较一下你就会看出差别。 compare A to B把A比作B eg: Shakespeare compared the world to a stage .莎士比亚把世界比做一个舞台。 Compare的过去分词短语作状语时，跟with 或to 搭配，意义相同。eg: Compared with/to many people ,she is indeed lucky.和许多人相比，他确实是幸运的。 10. finish和complete(1)finis
10、h 一般把一件事情做完（一直做完）eg: We finish the homework in the school.(2)complete只把未完成的东西进一步的努力而使之完成eg: Following ,we should complete the last assignment trying our best on time .(3)complete还可以做形容词，意为“完整的，完成的”，但是finish不可以10. no more ()than()与more()than()(1)no more than +数词意为“至多，仅仅.(强调少)” There are no more than
11、ten apples on the table .桌上仅有苹果(2)no more than 意为“和一样不”（两者都否定） Jack is no more diligent than Tom.杰克不勤奋，汤姆也不勤奋。(3)no more than +数词，意为“不多于，不超过（不强调少，不带有感情色彩）There are not more than ten apples on the table.桌子上有不多于10个苹果。（陈述事实）(4)not more than 意为“不如.，没有的程度（前者不如后者） Jack id not more diligent than Tom.杰克不如汤姆勤奋。11. by prep.(1)不迟于，到时。eg: Can you finish the work by tomorrow They were tired out by evening. (2)指时间，在某种情况，延续时间，相当于duringeg: The enemy attacked by night. (3)表示“按” The workers are paid by the hour/the day.