what的某些特殊用法.doc

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1、what的某些特殊用法what在英语中是个很常用的词。我们知道它能用作疑问词,引导特殊疑问句,在句中做主语表语或宾语;又能用作连接代词(或复合关系代词),引导主语从句表语从句或宾语从句;还能用作疑问形容词,只作定语并可表示感叹。对于这些常规的用法本文就不一一赘述,现就what在高中英语中的某些特殊用法归纳如下:1. what 与do with连用,意为“(怎样)处理安排或对付等”。what常有较灵活的翻译,常用结构是:“what do with sth./sb.?”或“what to do with sth./sb.” 例如: What will you do with the letter?

2、 你将把那封信怎样处理? The kids do not know what to do with themselves on rainy days. 孩子们不知道雨天干什么好。注意:do with 与deal with同义,但搭配不同:do with只能与what搭配,而deal with可与不同的疑问词搭配。比较: How will you deal with the letter?你将那封信怎样处理? You may have some idea of what the astronauts have to deal with if you try to drink a glass of

3、 water while standing on your head or while just lying down.如果你试着倒立着或仅以躺着的姿势去喝水,就能大致体会得到宇航员必须应付什么了。2. 问价格度量速度、人口面积门牌(汽车电话等)号码等时,只能用what提问,不能用how much提问。例如: What is the cost(price)of the gold watch?这块金表多少钱? What is the speed of the car?车速是多少? What is the length(widthdepth)of the lake?这湖有多长(宽、深)? What

4、 is the population(area)of China?中国的人口(面积)有多少(大)? What money(cash) have you got? 你有多少钱(现金)? What is your telephone (car、room)number?你的电话(汽车房间)号码是多少?3.“What is like?”的两种含义。 表示“情况怎样”,多指天气或气候。例如: What is the weather like today?今天天气怎样? What is the climate like there?那里的气候怎样? 表示“像什么样,什么模样,怎样的” 指人或事物。例如:

5、What is the camel like ?骆驼是什么样子的? What is your teacher like?“你老师是怎样一个人?” She is very kind and beautiful. “她既善良又美丽。” What will life be like in the future ? 未来的生活是什么样子呢?注意:“What islike?”通常用于对某人、某地和某物的实际情况提问,包括对其内在的品质或外在的特征(或持久的特征)提问。而“How is like?”是就某人、某地和某物的外观询问对方的看法,可以用来询问变化的事物,如暂时的情况,情绪等,还常用来问候别人的健

6、康。如: How is your work these days? 近来你的工作情况如何? How is he? 他近况如何? (他身体近来怎么样?)比较:What does she look like?她是什么模样?(What look like?只能指外表 )4.“What do you think of?”用于询问对方对的看法或评价。例如: What do you think of the idea?你认为这个主意怎样? What did you think of that film?你对那场电影评价如何?注意:“ What do you think of?”是惯用搭配,不能改为“How

7、 do you think of?”。但我们可以说:How do you feel about the idea(that film)?或者How do you like the idea(that film)?5.what 用作复合关系代词时,既可指代人又可指代物。例如: China is no longer what it used to be? 中国已不是过去的中国 She is what you call a “bluestocking”。 她就是你说的“女才子”。 She is not what she was five years ago. 她不再是5年前的她了。6. what从句

8、可用作宾语补足语。例如: We will make the factory twice what it is today. 我们将使工厂比现在规模增加一倍。(句中的twice what it is today是动词make的宾语the factory的补足语)7.与what连用的常用句型和词组 What if?What will or would happen if?如果(假如)将会怎么样?例如: What if it is true?如果这是真的又怎么样? What if a storm should come up?万一发生暴风雨怎么办?what引导的名词性从句重点用法列析一、表示所的事,

9、 相当于the thing that; all that; everything that等。如:1.What he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world .他所希望看到的是世界上一切军队的消亡。2.What we cant get seems better than what we have.我们不能得到的看来比我们拥有的要更好。3.What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality.过去认为不可能的事现已成为现实。二、表示的人, 相当于the p

10、erson that。如:1.He is not what he was a few years ago. 他不是几年前的他了。2.Who is it that has made Fred what he is now? 是谁把弗雷德培养成现在这样一个人的?三、表示的地方, 相当于the place that。如:1.This is what they call Salt Lake City. 这就是他们称作盐湖城的地方。2.What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world. 现在是北部撒哈拉沙漠的地方曾是一个文明世界

11、。四、表示的数目,相当于the amount / number that。 如:1.Our income is now double what it was ten years ago.我们现在的收入是十年前的两倍。2.The number of the students in our school has reached as many as 20,000, ten times what it was before liberation.现在我校学生多达2万人,是解放前的十倍。what的这种特殊含义可以根据句子的意思在翻译时灵活处理,不可千篇一律。再如:1. Shenzhen is no longer what it was in the past.深圳不再是过去那样子了。(what=the city that)2. The color of the flower is different from what it was in the morning.花朵的颜色与早晨的不同。(what=the color that)2

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