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1、中医常用词汇01 中医常用词汇Terms Commonly Used in TCM中国医药学Traditional Chinese Medicine治未病prevention of disease中医基础理论Basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine脏腑zang-organs and fu-organs, viscera临床经验clinical experience功能活动functional activities辨证论治treatment based on syndrome differentiation形神统一unity of the body
2、 and spirit本草materia medica, herbs阴阳失调imbalance of yin and yang中药Chinese materia medica, Chinese medicinal herbs条达舒畅free development四气五味four properties and five tastes延年益寿prolonging life, promising longevity针灸acupuncture and moxibustion, acumox养生防病cultivating health to prevent disease各家学说theories of
3、 different schools正气healthy qi, vital qi汗法diaphoresis, sweating therapy病邪pathogenic factor下法purgative therapy, purgation整体观念concept of holism吐法emetic therapy, vomiting therapy疾病的本质与现象nature and manifestations of disease补土派school of invigorating the earth阴阳的相对平衡relative balance between yin and yang病因
4、学说etiology疾病的发生与发展occurrence and development of disease养生health-cultivation, 同病异治treating the same disease with different therapies医疗实践medical practice异病同治treating different diseases with the same therapy治疗原则therapeutic principles五脏five zang-organs, five zang-viscera寒凉药物herbs of cold and cool nature
5、, cold-natured herbs六腑six fu-organs, six fu-viscera滋阴降火nourishing yin to lower/reduce fire经络系统system of meridians and collaterals滋水涵木enriching water to nourish wood余热未尽incomplete abatement of heat瘀血致泻disease caused by blood stasis有机整体organic wholeness/integrity先天之精congenital essence表里关系exterior and
6、interior relation形与神俱inseparability of the body and spirit开窍opening into开胃promoting appetite自然现象natural phenomena脉象pulse conditions, pulse pattern哲学概念philosophical concept邪正关系states of pathogenic factors and healthy qi对立统一unity of opposites发热恶寒fever and aversion to cold相互消长mutual waning and waxing头身
7、疼痛headache and body pain相互转化mutual transformation久痢脱肛proctoptosis due to prolonged dysentery阴阳属性nature of yin and yang养阴清热nourishing yin and clearing away heat相互联系interrelation清肺热clear away lung-heat相互制约mutual restraint, mutual restriction/interaction湿邪犯肺pathogenic dampness invading the lung动态平衡dyna
8、mic equilibrium清热泻火clearing away heat and reducing fire阴平阳秘yin and yang in equilibrium腠理muscular interstices, striae, interstitial space阴阳的互根互用interdependence of yin and yang水湿停滞retention of water and dampness, water retention相互依存interdependence癃闭retention of urine阴阳离绝separation of yin and yang气血运行c
9、irculation/flow of qi and blood相反相成opposite and supplementary to each阴阳转化transformation between yin and yang生理功能physiological functions阳消阴长yang waning and yin waxing病理变化pathological changes阴胜则阳病predominance of yin leading to disorder of yang临床诊断clinical diagnosis阴胜则阳病an excess of yin leads to defici
10、ency of yang阳胜生外热exuberance of yang leading to exterior heat阳胜则热predominance of yang generating heat阳中求阴obtaining yang from yin寒极生热extreme cold generating heat绝对偏盛absolute predominance热极生寒extreme heat generating cold阳虚则寒yang deficiency leading to cold阳损及阴impairment of yang involving yin阴阳俱损simultane
11、ous consumption of yin and yang阴液不足insufficiency of yin-fluid阴阳两虚simultaneous deficiency of both yin and yang病机总纲general principle of pathogenesis阳虚发热fever due to yang deficiency病机pathomechanism, pathological mechanism阴阳自和natural harmony between yin and yang阴阳胜复alternative predominance of yin and ya
12、ng木乘土the wood over-restrains the earth虚寒证deficiency-cold syndrome木火刑金wood-fire impairs the metal扶阳退阴strengthening yang to reduce yin金水相生generation between the metal and water祛风散寒expelling/eliminating wind to dispersing cold生克制化interrelationship between generation and restriction消导积滞promoting digesti
13、on and removing food retention制则生化restriction ensuring generation潜阳熄风suppressing yang to quench wind母病及子disease of the mother-organ affecting the child-organ五行学说theory of five elements传变transmission of disease, progress of disease运动变化motion and variation子病犯母disease of the child-organ affecting the m
14、other-organ正邪相争struggle/combat between healthy qi and pathogenic factors肝肾精血不足insufficiency of liver and kidney essence and blood相生相克mutual generation and restriction肝阳上亢hyperactivity of liver yang生我，我生to be generated and to generate心肝血虚asthenia / deficiency of heart and liver blood克我，我克to be restri
15、cted and to restrict心肝火旺exuberance of heart and liver fire生中有制restriction within generation心火亢盛hyperactivity/exuberance of heart fire克中有生generation within restriction滋肾养肝nourishing the kidney and liver木曰曲直wood is characterized by growing freely and peripherally方位配五行correspondence of the directions t
16、o the five elements火曰炎上fire is characterized by flaming up温肾健脾warming the kidney and strengthening the spleen土爰稼穑earth is characterized by cultivation and reaping肾阳式微declination of kidney yang金曰从革metal is characterized by change脾阳不振inactivation of spleen yang病缓起gradual onset of disease脾胃虚弱hypofuncti
17、on/weakness of the spleen and stomach肝阴不足insufficiency of liver yin地道不通menopause相乘相侮over-restriction and reverse restriction平肝和胃soothing the liver and harmonizing the stomach水湿停聚retention of water-dampness水火不济discordance between water and fire肾阴不足insufficiency of kidney yin藏象学说theory of visceral man
18、ifestations心肾不交disharmony between the heart and kidney奇恒之腑extraordinary fu-organs宣通水道dredging water passage水谷精微cereal nutrients, essence of water and food通调水道dredging and regulating water passage传化水谷transmission and transformation of food行气利水activating qi to excrete water贮藏精气storage of essence水液停滞re
19、tention of fluid治疗效果curative / therapeutic effect后天之本postnatal / acquired base of life藏而不泻storage without excretion调畅气机regulating qi activity泻而不藏excretion without storage肝气上逆upward flow of liver qi表热里寒exterior heat and interior cold水曰润下water is characterized by moistening and downward flowing肝旺脾虚hyp
20、erfunction of the liver and weakness of the spleen脾主运化the spleen governing transportation and transformation大肉陷下obvious emaciation and muscular atrophy, extreme emaciation肝气郁结stagnation of liver qi面色红润ruddy complexion, rosy cheeks胆虚证gallbladder deficiency syndrome胆虚不得眠insomnia due to gallbladder ast
21、henia腐熟水谷digesting food导便法laxation食欲不振poor appetite跌打损伤traumatic injury脘腹胀闷epigastric distension and depression动静结合integration of motion and quietness/stillness嗳气酸腐eructation with fetid odor定喘relieving asthma泌别清浊separating the clear from the turbid心主血脉the heart controlling blood and vessels食物残渣resid
22、ue of food心气充沛abundance of heart qi大肠主传导the large intestine governing transmission and transportation防御外邪入侵preventing the invasion of exogenous pathogenic factor癃闭dysuria, retention of urine, anuria and dysuria 血液充盈plenty of blood面黄肌瘦emaciation with sallow complexion脉道不利unsmoothness of vessels止珠偏斜st
23、rabismus, squint, ocular deviation面色无华lusterless complexion调节水液regulation of water脉象细弱thin and weak pulse排泄糟粕excretion of waste material面色萎黄sallow complexion髓海不足insufficiency of marrow-sea汗血同源sweat and blood sharing the same origin精神委靡dispiritedness, listlessness, lower spirit升降出入ascending, descendi
24、ng, coming in and going out月经不调irregular menstruation气为血帅qi serves as the commander of the blood冲任不固weakness of thoroughfare and conception vessels气血凝滞stagnation of qi and blood经期延长prolonged menstruation血瘀blood stasis小肠实热sthenia-heat in the small intestine气滞腰痛lumbago due to qi stagnation气机调畅smooth activity of qi气虚滑胎habitual abortion due to qi asthenia