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1、Revision of Unit4 Book3,2013.12.21,1. 根据广泛被接受的理论 2. 宇宙以“大爆炸”开始 3. 四面八方 4.不确定它会变成什么 5. 沉降成为固体球 6. 它的形状是否会持续仍不清楚 7. 它们及时产生了碳。 8. 更重要的是随着地球冷却，水开始在它表面出现。,1. according to a widely accepted theory 2. The universe began with a “Big Bang”. 3. in all directions 4. What it was to become was uncertain. 5. sett
2、le down into a solid globe 6.It is not clear whether the shape would last or not. 7. They were in time to produce carbon. 8. What is even more important is that as the earth cool down,water began to appear on its surface.,1. However, according to a widely accepted theory, the universe began with a “
3、Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions. theory n. 理论；原理 theoretical adj. 理论的；假设的 theoretically adv. 理论地；理论上 【相关短语】 in theory 理论上 = theoretically in practice在实践中；实际上 = practically,begin with=start with：“以开始”. 1) to begin with=to start with 以为起点; 开始(做) 这两个词组都可以单独使用,表示“首先; 第一; 起初; 最初”。 在句中作时间状语。
4、 e.g.首先, 我一点也不喜欢他。 To begin/start with, I couldnt like him at all.,2. The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. 1) violent 猛烈的，激烈的 violently adv. 猛然地，激烈地 violence n. 暴力；激烈； a violent storm 一场猛烈的暴风雨 a violent movie 一部暴力电影,3. They were in time to produce th
5、e water.及时，最终 1) in time: sooner or later; eventually; Ill see him in time. 2) in time (for sth. /to do sth.): not late She will be back in time to prepare dinner. be in time to do sth. = be in time for sth. 及时做某事,4. Water had also appeared on other planets like Mars but, unlike the earth, it had di
6、sappeared later.,unlike prep. 和不同，不像 dislike vt. 不喜欢，厌恶 n. 嫌恶，反感，不喜爱 dislike sb./sth. 不喜欢某人/某物 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢/厌恶做某事 likes and dislikes 喜欢与不喜欢，好恶,你是否曾经做过什么事情使那个女孩讨厌你？ Have you done anything to the girl to cause her to dislike you? 对不起，让你失望，我不喜欢穿这种服装。 I am sorry to disappoint you, but I dislik
7、e wearing such dress. 不像英语班，这是一个多元文化的班。 Unlike English classes, this class was a multicultural class. 这两“姐妹”有相同的好恶爱憎。 The two sisters share the same likes and dislikes.,5.水会对于生命的发展起关键作用，这一点在当时并不明显。 。 It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life. (P26) 6.
8、 很多科学家相信，由于地球上长期有水存在，使地球得以把有害气体和酸性物质溶解在海洋里。 What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.,7. 他们产生了连锁反应，这使生命发展成为了可能。 This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop. chain
9、 reaction 连锁反应 make it possible for life to develop. 使生命的发展成为可能 make it + adj. for sb. /sth. to do sth.,组长让我们有可能一起合作。 The group leader _. 老师让他们更容易地明白那个问题。 The teacher _.,make it possible for us to work together,made it easy for them to understand the question,1. 使大海充满氧气 2. 各种各样的鱼 3. 通过下蛋繁殖后代 4. 存在在地
10、球上 5. 使哺乳动物的增长成为可能 6. 生小孩 7. 轮到他们 8. 防止热量从地球散发到太空,1. fill the oceans and seas with oxygen 2. all sorts of fish 3. produce young by laying eggs 4. exist on the earth 5. make possible the rise of mammals 6. give birth to young babies 7. in their turn 8. prevent heat from escaping from the earth into s
11、pace,8. They multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen.,vt. 使增加/繁殖/相乘 vi. 乘；繁殖；增加 multi-= many multicultural多元文化的; multicoloured多色彩的 multinational 多国的; multimedia 多媒体 multistory 多层的； multichannel 多波段的,9. They produced young generally by laying eggs. lay-laid-laid-laying 放, 把.放在.; 产卵 He l
12、aid his books on the desk. 注意: lay vt. (laid; laid; laying) 放置;产卵 lie vi. (lay; lain; lying) 躺;位于 lie vi. (lied; lied; lying) 说谎,The naughty boy _ to me that the hen that _ there just now had _ two eggs the day before. A. laid; laid; laid B. laid; lay; lain C. lied; laid; lain D. lied; lay; laid,D,1
13、0. They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years,exist vi. 存在；生存 existence n. 存在；生存 【相关短语】 exist in + 地点 come into existence = come into being 产生，形成,11. they gave birth to young baby animals 1) 生（孩子） 她刚刚生了个健康的女婴。 Shes just given birth to a healthy baby girl. 2) 促成的产生 这段
14、奇特的经历促成了他的最新的一部小说的诞生。 The extraordinary experience gave birth to his latest novel.,12. Thus they have, in their turn, beome the most important animals on the planet.,in ones turn 轮到某人 【拓展】 by turns 交替轮流 in turn 依次 take turns to do/doing sth. 轮流做某事 Its ones turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事,所以是否生命在今后的几百万年得以持续将
15、取决于这个是否可以解决。 So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.,1. What it was to become was uncertain. 2. It is not clear whether the shape would last or not. 3. What is even more important is that as the earth cool down, wate
16、r began to appear on its surface. 4. It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life. 5. What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas. 6. So whether life
17、will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.,在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses)。 名词性从句可分为主语从句(the Subject Clause)、宾语从句(the Object Clause)、表语从句(the Predicative Clause)和同位语从句(the Appositive Clause)。 名词性从句使用的从属连词有：that, if/whether(是否), as th
18、ough, as if； 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever； 连接副词：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however,Example： That she will do well in her exam is certain. I wonder where the meeting will be held. The reason was that he got up too late. I have no idea whet
19、her he will come back home.,(主从),(宾从),(表从),(同位语从句),1. I wonder_ we have no words in our vocabulary for thank you, would we do a better job of communicating our gratitude? (周测14) They cannot understand _ it is possible for adults to get so excited about a group of people kicking a ball. (周测13) 2. A s
20、cientist, living in France twenty years ago, wrote about _ he called the “Mozart Effect”.(周测12) 3. Most parents fear that games will prevent children from increasing new knowledge and _ the children will fail in the future examinations. (周测11) 4. For these notable achievers, it appears _ their daydr
21、eams came true. (周测9),if,why,what,that,that,5. We began to reflect on how to deal with the difficulties in life, because our “troubles”seem not worth mentioning at all compared with _ these innocent kids are going through. (周测5) 6. You need to have a clear idea of _ your goal is. (周测4) 7. He establi
22、shed the capital of Korea and called it Joseon or the “land of the morning calm”. So this is _ the Korean nation was established. (周测3) A recent survey shows _ 78% of all the 1700 people questioned have developed environmentally friendly habits in their daily life. (十校联考),what,how,what,that,1. 天文学的本
23、质 2. 穿行于太空 3. 这个理论的依据 4. 它的起源也许仍是个谜. 5. 月球仅仅只是地球的一个卫星而已。 6. 挡住阳光,1. the nature of astronomy 2. travelled through space 3. the evidence for the theory 4. Its origin may still be a puzzle. 5. The moon can never be anything more than a satellite of the earth. 6. block out the sun,7. 和地球的引力一样强的牵引力 8. 开心
24、，雀跃 9. 在太空舱失重地到处漂浮 10. 两倍远 11. 既然重力已经改变了，走路确实需要练习一下。 12. 掌握 13. 爆发，（火）烧了起来 14. 这挺累人，但也让人兴奋。,7. be as strong a pull as the earths gravity 8. cheer up 9. float weightlessly around in the spaceship 10. twice as far as 11. Walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed. 12. get the han
25、g of 13. break out 14. That was very exhausting but very exciting too.,.写出下列必考单词 1.大气层n. _ 2.乘，增加v. _ 3人造卫星n. _ 4.不同，不像prep. _ 5.气候n. _ 6.地心引力；重力n. _ 7.理论n. _ 8.碰撞，坠落v. _ 9.宇宙飞船n. _ 10.拉力，拖，牵引力n.v. _,atmosphere multiply satellite unlike climate gravity theory crash spaceship pull,11.基本的，基础的adj. _ 12
26、.链子，锁链n. _ 13.天文学n. _ 14.原子n. _,fundamental chain astronomy atom,.写出下列单词的变化形式 1.系统(n.)_；系统的(adj.) _ 2.球体，地球(n.)_；全球性的(adj.) _ 3.猛烈的(adj.)_；暴力(n.) _；猛烈地(adv.)_ 4.生存(v.)_；生存(n.) _ 5.物理学家(n.)_；物理(n.) _；身体的(adj.)_,physical,system,systematic,globe,global,violent,violence,violently,exist,existence,physici
27、st,physics,6.生物学(n.)_；生物学家(n.) _ 7.宗教（n.）_；宗教的（adj.）_ 8.原子（n.）_；原子的（adj.）_,biology,biologist,religion,religious,atom,atomic,1.The treatment they gave him did him more_ than good，though the doctor insisted it was _. (harm) 2.Air _everywhere and its _ makes it possible for us to live on. (exist) 3.He
28、used a _ .The lifting device he made is a _ of ropes and pulleys. (system) 4.A _tour means traveling all around the _ . (globe),harm,harmless,exists,existence,systematic,system,global,globe,5.The use of _against the attackers led to more _ clashes. (violently) 6.She was a _woman who wouldn，t hurt an
29、 ant. (gently),violence,violent,gentle,.翻译下列必背短语 1.及时，终于 _ 2.下蛋 _ 3.高兴,振奋 _ 4.产生，分娩 _ 5.轮到某人 _ 6.爆发 _ 7.阻止 _ 8.既然 _ 9.以为起点 _ 10.四面八方 _,in time lay eggs cheer up give birth to in one，s turn break out prevent.from now that begin with in all direction,11.冷却 _ 12.掌握的技巧/诀窍 _ 13.在表面 _ 14.密切注视，当心 _,cool do
30、wn get the hang of on one，s/the surface watch out,At the very beginning，the earth was just a cloud of (1) (energy) dust. Then the dust combined into a ball moving around the sun. After that，it exploded loudly with fire and rock, (2)_(produce) water vapour，carbon dioxide and other gases， (3) in the e
31、nd made the earth，s atmosphere. Then the earth cooled down，and water，one of the earth，s special qualities ，appeared and stayed on the earth，which made (4)_ possible for life to begin (5) (develop).,producing,energetic,to develop,it,which,Some small plants(6)_(grow) in the water appeared on the earth
32、，s surface, (7)_ (follow) by land animals, (8) (include) insects，amphibians，reptiles and the most important animals called dinosaurs until finally dinosaurs disappeared (9) of a sudden and some small clever animals with hands and feet appeared and spread all over the earth and(10)_ place of dinosaur
33、s they became the most important animals on the planetthat is, human beings.,including,all,growing,followed,in,火星上有生命吗？我们都不知道。 我们能登陆火星吗？这完全取决于科学技术的发展。人类对火星有了一些了解：火星上没有氧气，火星上中午的温度可能在50度左右,而晚上则在零下100度左右了，这样我们就不能在那里生活。 既然火星与地球完全不同，如果我们计划有朝一日去火星的话，我们就要带上氧气，食品，衣服和住的地方（shelter）。但可以肯定，人类迟早会登陆火星的。,答案：Is the
34、re life on Mars？We don，t know. Can we land on Mars？It all depends on the development of science and technology. Man has known a little about Mars. There is almost no oxygen on Mars. It might be about 50 degrees above zero at noon and 100 degrees below zero at night，which prevents us from living there. Now that Mars are quite different from our earth，if we are to go to Mars one day，we should have to take along our own oxygen，food，clothing and shelter. But it is certain that man will land on Mars in time.,