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1、Unit 15 The Olympic MomentBackground InformationOlympic Games, international sports competition, are held every four years at a different site, in which athletes from different nations compete against each other in a variety of sports. It is originated in ancient Greece and was revived in the late 1
2、9th century. Before the 1970s the Games were opened to professional athletes. Currently the Games are open to all, even the top professional athletes in basketball and football (soccer). The Olympic Games have come to be regarded as the worlds foremost sports competition.Warming-up ActivityDirection
3、: Listen to the speech given by Hillary Rodham Clinton and answer the following questions.(The following speech is extracted from the speech given by Hillary Rodham Clinton at the United Nations Fourth World Conference of Women held in Beijing.)Mrs. Mongella, Under Secretary Kittani, distinguished d
4、elegates and guests:I would like to thank the Secretary General of the United Nations for inviting me to be a part of the United Nations Fourth World Conference of Women. This is truly a celebration a cekebration of the contributions women make in every aspect of life: in the home, on the job, in th
5、eir communities, as mothers, wives, sisters, daughters, learners, workers, citizens and leaders.It is also a coming together, much of the way women come together every day in every country.We come together in fields and in factories. We come together in village markets and supermarkets. We come toge
6、ther in living rooms and boardrooms.Whether it is while playing with our children in the park, or washing clothes in a river, or taking a break at the office water cooler, we come together and talk about our aspirations and concern. And time and again, our talk turns to our children and our families
7、. However different we may be, there is far more that unites us than divides us. We share a common future, and are here to find common ground so that we may help bring new dignity and respect to women and girls all over the world. By doing this, we bring new strength and stability to families as wel
8、l.By gathering in Beijing, we are focusing world attention on issues that matter most in the lives of women and their families: access to education, health care, jobs and credit, the chance to enjoy basic legal and human rights and participate fully in the political life of their countries.There are
9、 some who question the reason for this conference.Let them listen to the voices of women in their homes, neighborhoods, and workplaces.There are some who wonder whether the lives of women and girls matter to economic and political progress around the globe.Let them look at the women gathered here an
10、d at Huairou the homemakers, nurses, teachers, lawyers, policymakers, and women who run their own businesses.It is conferences like this that compel governments and people everywhere to listen, look and face the worlds most pressing problems.Wasnt it after the womens conference in Nairobi ten years
11、ago that the world focused for the first time on the crisis of domestic violence?Earlier today, I participated in a World Health Organization forum, where government officials, NGOs, and individual critizens are working on ways to address the health problems of women and girls.Tomorrow, I will atten
12、d a gathering of the United Nations Development Fund for Women. There, the discussion will focus on local and highly successful programs that give hard-working women access to credit so they can improve their own lives and the lives of their families.What we are learning around the world is that if
13、women are healthy and educated, their families will flourish. If women are free from violence, their families will flourish. If women have a chance to work and earn as full and equal partners in society, their families will flourish. And when families flourish, communities and nations will flourish.
14、Questions:1. What does the conference celebrate?(It celebrates the contributions women make in every aspect of life)2. What will happen if women find common ground on the conference?(If they find common ground at the conference, it may help bring new dignity and respect to women and girls all over t
15、he world. By doing this, they bring new strength and stability to families as well.)3. What do we want to make the world focus on by this conference?(We want to focus world attention on issues that matter most in the lives of women and their families)4. When did the world focus for the first time on
16、 the crisis of domestice violence?( After the womens conference in Nairobi ten years ago.)Part One ConversationsDirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 1 long conversation. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the
17、 conversation and the questions will be read only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.Section A: Short Conversations1. M: This years heavy rainfall has caused flooding, and mad
18、e it hard to plant new crops in California.W: Yes, I guess thats why fruits and vegetables are so expensive right now.Q: What happened in California? (C)2. M: Whats your favorite sport, Ann?W: Mm, its hard to say. I like volleyball and tennis, but I think I like swimming better.Q: What sport does th
19、e woman like best? (C)3. W: I found an expensive diamond ring in the rest room this morning.M: If I were you, I would turn it in to the security office. It is behind the administration building.Q: What does the man suggest the woman do? (D)4. M: Lets see if the basketball game has started yet.W: Sta
20、rted? It must be clear who is winning by nowQ: What does the woman mean? (A)5. M: I hope that the bank will be open.W: The sign says: 9:00 am 5:00 pm weekdays, 9:00 am 12:00 noon Saturdays, Closed Sundays.Q: When will the bank be open on Saturday? (B)6. M: Ill be at the university and pick you up in
21、 half an hour. Is that all right?W: Good. That means youll be here at half past seven, wont you?Q: What time was it when this conversation took place? (A)7. W: Ill get some soft drink. Do you want anything?M: No. Ill just drink the iced tea I have with me. Thanks for the offer anyway.Q: What will th
22、e man probably do? (B)8. W: Excuse me. Does this bus go past the Modern Museum?M: No. Im afraid it doesnt. You have to take No. 3 bus to the Great Theater and transfer to the No.6.Q: Where does the woman want to go? (B)Secion B: Long ConversationM: Can I help you, Madam?W: Yes, Id like something as
23、presents for my family, but not very expensive. What would you recommend?M: There are many kinds of articles in our shop, which may satisfy your need. I would suggest you buy chopsticks. They are not expensive and easy to carry.W: Good idea! Can you show me some chopsticks?M: Here you are. They are
24、very colorful.W: How nice! Do you use them to eat?M: We do use chopsticks to eat, which we are usually made of bamboo. But these are handcrafts.W: Whats the difference?M: You see, the white part of the chopstick is made of bones of ox and the upper part is hand-made. We have two forms of chopsticks,
25、 these are Japanese style and those are Chinese style.W: So they are just ornamental, but not practical.M: Madam, you know, bamboo chopsticks are practical, common and cheap, and everyone can offord to buy them. But these are different, theyre good presents for friends and relatives.W: Well, let me
26、see Ill take three pairs of Japanese style and five pairs of Chinese style.M: Thank you very much, madam. But why dont you take ten pairs? That is one big box.W: No, thats enough. Ill send six pairs to others and keep two pairs for myself.M: Oh, thats a good ideaW: One pair on box, please.M: All rig
27、ht, Ill do as you like.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. Where does this conversation most probably take place? (B)10. What is true about the chopsticks used to eat? (A)11. How many pairs of chopsticks does the woman want to buy? (D)12. What are the man and woman
28、 mainly discussing in the conversation? (C)Part Two PassagesDirections: In this section, you will hear 2 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be read only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer fro
29、m the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Passage OneThe Olympic TorchThe tradition of the tracking of the Olympic torch is not as old as the Games. It was never part of the Games in Ancient Greece, yet it was part of the Greek culture. The old way to carry the Olympic torch was through runs in ho
30、nor of several gods. They were carried from one altar to the other or to some particular city. The first to get to the place of the sacrifices had the honor to light the flame of the gods with his own torch.The fire was not employed as an Olympic symbol until 1928, during the Games of Amsterdam. Fou
31、r years later, in Los Angeles, the flame was lit once again. But those were not real Olympic flames. They had been lit in the cities of the Games, and not in Olympia. In 1932, Carl Diem, from the German Olympic Committee, decided to develop the idea. When the Games were held in Berlin, in 1936, Diem
32、 introduced the first tracking of the Olympic torch.The torch is currently completely integrated to the Olympic Movement and is an instrument that should reflect not only the soul of the country organizing the Games, but also the technology available in that moment. For the Games of Athens 2004, the
33、 designer Andreas Vacrotsos selected the symbolic olive leaf. He wanted to include all aspects of his country, both in the historical and cultural levels, at the same time making use of an international language that reflected the spirit of Greece and showed values of peace, love and harmony in all
34、places.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the passage you have just heard1. When was fire first used as an Olympic symbol? (A)2. In which Olympic Games was the tracking of the Olympic torch first introduced? (C)3. Whats the passage mainly about? (D)Passage TwoThe Olympic GamesThe Olympic Games are the bi
35、ggest sports festival in the world. Every four years, a hundred or more countries send their best sportsmen to compete for the highest honors in sport. For the winners, there are gold medals and glory. But there is honor too, for all who compete, win or lose. To take part is in spirit of the Olympic
36、.The Olympic Games always start in a bright color and action. The teams of all the nations parade in the opening ceremony and march round the track. The custom is for the Greek team to march in first. For it was in Greece that the Olympic began. The team of the country where the Games are being held
37、, the host country, marches last.The runner with the Olympic torch then enters the stadium and lights the flame. A sportsman from the host country takes the Olympic oath on behalf of all the competitors. The judges and officials also take an oath. After the sportsmen march out of the stadium, the ho
38、st country puts on a wonderful display.The competitions begin the next day. There are usually 20 sports in the games. The rule is that there must be at least 15. The main events are in track and field.More and more women are taking part in the games. They first competed in 1900, in tennis and golf w
39、hich are no longer held in the Olympics. Now they compete in all but half a dozen of the sports. In horse riding, shooting, and boat racing, they may compete in the same events with men.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the passage you have just heard.1. Which is one of the spirits of the Olympics? (C)2
40、. According to the custom, which team marches in the first in the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games? (B)3. Which is not done in the opening ceremony of the Olympics? (D)4. In what sports did women first compete? (B)Part Three Compound DictationDirection: In this section, you will hear a passage
41、three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 1 to 8 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 9 to 11, you are re
42、quired to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.It is fashionable for the amateur administ
43、rators who run (1) international sporting events to (2) complain that sportsmanship is a thing of the past and to put the (3) blame for everything wrong with sport on the growth of professionalism. They (4) claim that when the modern Olympic Games began athletes felt that it was (5) sufficient rewar
44、d for them to compete. They are (6) horrified that some athletes today regard running as work and expect to be paid for what they do.The love of amateurism and the belief that what is important is how you (7) behave on the field, not whether you win or lose, comes from a time when people who played
45、games (8) seriously did not need to earn their living. (9) Even then, it was common for rich men and universities in some countries to support amateurs by paying their bills or tuition fees.Whatever the idealists may say, it is obvious that what matters to the public is success. Even the organizers
46、of the Olympic Games admit this. (10) Whoever comes first wins a gold medal but anyone who comes fourth gets nothing. What the administrators sometimes ignore is that anyone who wants to become an Olympic champion must do without spare time and possibly break off his studies. It is not surprising th
47、at athletes want some tangible reward.In view of the fact that sport will become more necessary to society in the future as entertainment, (11) it might be better for administrators to concentrate on improving the standards of play and facilities for players and spectators alike.Part Four Essay Appr
48、eciationDirections: Listen to the essay and answer the following questions.Sleeping Through the StormIt was spring. In western American, the weather was getting warmer. There was a young man who went out to find a job on a farm. He came to a small farm, which belonged to an old farmer and his wife.
49、He told the farmer he wanted to apply for a job as a farmhand. When the farmer asked for his qualifications, “What can you do, boy?” The young man said, “ I can sleep when the wind blows.”This answer quite puzzled the farmer and his wife. But he looked honest and reliable, so the couple liking the young ma