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1、Noble English诺 博 英 语 语 法 经 典 讲 解Lesson Two Breakfast or Lunch1. It was Sunday. It was my aunt Lucy. 在句子中，我们常用it指代时间、天气、温度或距离。因为它没有实际意义，所以有时被称为“虚主语”；它之所以存在，是因为英语句子必须包含主语和谓语。请看下面句子中的it分别代表什么： a. Its 8 oclock. b. Its raining again. c. It is cold. d. It was dark outside. 作为第三人称的中性词，it 可以指一件东西、一个事件或者用来指是
2、什么人： a. It is a lovely baby. 真是个可爱的小宝宝。 b. -Who is it? 谁？ -Its me, Zang Jinming. 是我，臧金铭。2. I never get up early on Sundays. 注意，没有说明是具体哪一天，泛指的morning, afternoon ,evening 前面的介词用in ,而涉及到具体的某一天，其介词要用on。 During the winter holidays, Wang Jiawen usually did her homework in the morning and surfed the Intern
3、et in the afternoon.课文中，sunday后面加上s, 表示每个星期天，或大部分星期天，与一般现在时连用，表示经常性的行为。例如: I learn English on Sundays. I learn English on Sunday mornings. 但是，当我们使用last, next, this 和that时，那些介词（以及定冠词）就要省去： Last Sunday I got up very late. 上个星期天我起得很晚。 This morning, Zhang Ning was playing the piano. Zhao Zengxun goes to
4、 school on Mondays. I go to church on Sunday mornings.3. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. until prep. 直到；直到为止 后面可加表示时间的名词，名词短语，或从句，前面就是主句。notuntil直到才 以上两者可以表达同样的意思，课文中的句子我们还可以这样说：I sometimes dont get up until lunchtime。再来个例子：His father was alive until he came back. = His father didnt die unt
5、il he came back.看看我们的乒乓球偶像王治霖今早的故事：a. Wang Zhilin stayed at home until 7:30 am.b. 王治霖直到点才来。_ 看看我们酷爱网上冲浪（surf the Internet 或 be on the Internet）的王佳雯的网瘾有多大： a. Last night Wang Jiawen went to an internet caf. He was on the internet until 11 pm. b. Last night Wang Jiawen went to an internet caf. He _ un
6、til _ 多给你几个例子看看： a. The supermarket is open until 9 pm.= The supermarket doesnt close until 9 pm. b. Zhang Ning did not get up until lunchtime.=_ c. The rain did not stop until evening. = The rain continued until evening.4. What a day! 这是一个感叹句。结构为What (+a.) + n. (+主语+谓语) 。括号中的部分根据需要可以省略。省略的情况有两种：1)
7、主谓语随时可省略： What a good girl (she is)! 试比较：She is a good girl. What a terrible day (it is)! 试比较：It is a terrible day.2) 省掉形容词。注意，此时必须有上下文和一定的语境，才能省略形容词. What a day it is! 可能表示“真是个鬼天气！”（What a terrible day!），也可能表示真是个好天气！（What a nice day!）所以我们只能通过上下文和语境断定它的意思。再看几个例子：a. What a clever girl Zang Jinming is
8、! b. What a strong boy Wang Zhilin is!c. What fools they are! 他们真傻！麻烦，麻烦，真是麻烦，想不到语法规则这么多麻烦！你要是去背上面的规则那么你就走入了英语学习的误区！语法学习其实很简单，只要看懂了那些无聊的解释就够了，剩下所要做的就是大声读那些例句，直至背过，并能运用;英语大师都是这样一路走来的。5. ring vi. （电话、钟表等）发出清脆响亮的声音：a. Yu Ling is crazy about online games. This morning, she got up and started the compute
9、r. Just then, the telephone rang. It was her father! She shut down the computer quickly.b. Every morning the clock rings at 6.vt. 打电话给（美国英语中call）:a. Please ring me when you get home. 到家后请来个电话。b. Did you ring your head-teacher? 你给你班主任打过电话了吗?6. Ive just arrived by train. a. I go to school by bus / bic
10、ycle / car / on foot every day. b. This morning Wang Zhilin came to school by car. 注意，如果是特指的交通工具，则要加冠词或其他限定词： c. Every day I leave school by the No.2 bus.7. Im coming to see you. 这里come用了它的现在进行时态be coming, 表示一般将来时；其他的词还有go, come, leave, arrive, land, meet, die, start, return, join等等。大家不要去浪费时间强记这一串单词
11、，很无聊的，也是很难记住的，只要把下面的例句背过即可。 下面是发生在正在网上聊天的王佳雯身上的事：她正憋足了劲，在网上海聊，这时妈妈要求她停止聊天并且要她到妈妈身边去a. -Jiawen, are you surfing the Net again? Come here. 佳雯，又上网了？过来一下。 - Yes, mum, Im coming. 是的，妈妈,就来了。- Dont you think its a waste of both time and money? 你不觉得那样是浪费时间和金钱吗？-Im afraid not. I think net-chat is really wond
12、erful. 我不觉得。我认为网上聊天太棒了。b. Are you leaving soon? 你很快要走吗？ c. The train is arriving in 5 minutes. 火车将在五分钟后到达。8. Dear me! a. My goodness! b. Good heavens!9. Im never late for appointments. 又要讲一点令你头大的语法知识了-关于频率副词。频率副词往往放在句子中间，实义动词前，非实义动词后；如果既有实义动词又有非实义动词，要放在两个之间；而疑问句中副词往往放在主语后面。（非实义动词包括系动词be, 助动词do, does
13、, will, shall, have, had, has, 情态动词must, can, may等 ）。千万别去背诵实义动词、非实义动词这些怪名词，光英语就够我们受的了！你所要做的就是背英语句子和文章！ a. Sometimes my father tells me jokes. = My father sometimes tells me jokes. b. We often meet at that coffee shop. c. My mother is always nice and friendly to people. d. Are you still surfing the N
14、et? e. I seldom watch TV. 我很少看电视。 f. Wang Zhilins mother rarely scolds him for being out late.王治霖的妈妈极少责骂他在外面逗留得太晚。 g. Our teachers frequently collect our exercise books. 我们的老师经常收我们的练习本。 h. Do you ever buy CDs? 你买过CD吗？Part Five: Grammar in use现在进行时和一般现在时 现在进行时表示说话时正在进行的动作或正在发生的事件，往往与now, just, still
15、等副词连用： a. It is 10 a.m. now; Wang Jiawen is still sleeping. b. Wang Jiawen is playing the guitar now. c. Mum is just dressing up.妈妈正在打扮。 一般现在时可以表示习惯性动作，往往与频度副词连用，如often, always, sometimes, never等： a. Do you often do shopping? b. Zhao Zengxun never writes to his sister Zhang Ning. He sometimes rings her. 赵增勋从来不给他妹妹张凝写信。 他有时给她打电话。