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1、Unit Two Optimism and Positive ThinkingEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action Working with Words and Expressions1. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. Answers: 1) positive2) startle
2、d3) perspective4) harden5) shape6) address7) crises8) curse9) incredible10) conversely11) issue12) response13) prior14) rare15) accomplish2. In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context
3、? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary. Answers: 1) get the hang of2) have lived through3) makes a difference4) have no idea5) concerned with6) slipped over7) ran into8) in reverse9) mull over Increasing Your Word Power1. Decide whether “do”, “m
4、ake” or “take” is needed to complete each of the following sentences. Change the verb form where necessary. Answers: 1) does2) make3) take4) do5) make6) Take7) done8) taken9) making10) took2. In each of the following sentences you are given two confusable words or expressions in brackets. Choose the
5、 appropriate one to fill in the blank. You may consult a dictionary if necessary. Answers: 1) concerned2) Concerning3) reject4) declined5) unconscious6) subconscious7) former8) preceding9) raise10) rise3. Now match each of the English word in Column A with its Chinese equivalent in Column B. You may
6、 consult a dictionary if necessary. Answers:1) d2) j3) k4) a5) b6) h7) c8) f9) l10) e11) g12) iGRAMMAR IN CONTEXTTask 1: When it is used as a conjunction, “as” can mean “when / while”, “though / although”, “since / because”, “in the way / manner that”, etc., and it can also be used in a comparative
7、structure. Study the following sentences and explain the meaning of “as” in each sentence. Answers for reference: 1) in the way /manner that2) though / although3) when4) since5) used in a comparison6) though7) while8) in the way thatTask 2: Complete the following sentences after the example by trans
8、lating the Chinese into English, using “as” as a relative pronoun. Answers for reference: 1) as you describe / have described / described2) as concern every one of us3) As is well known4) As we all can see5) as you show / as you have shown for your teacher6) As is reported / announced in todays pape
9、rsClozeComplete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given. Answers:1) perspective2) despair3) necessity4) perform5) Conversely6) prophecy7) where8) as9) achieve10) recognize11) dealt with12) attitude13) channels14) concernedhttp:/ Translate the follo
10、wing sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets. Answers for reference:1) Only those who have lived through a similar experience can fully appreciate this. / The only people who can fully appreciate this are those who have lived through a similar experience.2) Scientis
11、ts have been hard pressed to figure out how these particles form/ are formed and interact (with one another).3) Those who have got the hang of Rubiks Cube (Magic Cube) can return each face to consisting of one colour in no time.4) The individual success of the employees in a team environment results
12、 in success for the company.5) The war, although successful in military terms, left the economy almost in ruins.6) He decided to channel his energies into something useful, instead of being glued to / sitting in front of the TV set all day long.7) Theres a difference between strength and courage. It
13、 takes strength to survive. It takes courage to live.8) She was by nature a very affectionate person, always ready to give a helping hand to others. Theme-Related WritingDo either of the following two writing tasks. You may draw on some useful ideas and expressions from a variety of sources, such as
14、 the two texts in this unit or the Internet.1) Having read the two passages in this unit, you may have come to a better understanding of life and the times when pessimistic and optimistic thoughts take turns to affect your behaviour. Write a letter of encouragement (of about 150 words) to one of you
15、r high school friends who failed in the college entrance examination. Tell him or her about your new understanding of the need to remain optimistic.2) The writers of the two texts in this unit convey to us the message that we need to look at the positive side of anything that comes to us and that we
16、 need to take an optimistic and positive attitude toward life. Write an essay (of about 150 words) to share your ideas with your classmates. The following hints may be of some help:a. What is meant by “thinking positively”?b. What is the connection between success and optimism?c. How can we keep an
17、optimistic and positive attitude? Sample Letter for Task 1:Dear Weihua,I know you are still feeling upset about your results in the college entrance examination. Ive just read an article about how pessimistic and optimistic thoughts can affect our behaviour and Im now sending you a copy, hoping that
18、 it will help you step out of the shadows.Naturally, failing the college entrance examination can be very depressing, yet if you continue to dwell on the past, you will never be able to pick yourself up and focus on what is more important for now and the future. Life is full of trials and anyone may
19、 suffer setbacks. We must take an optimistic attitude towards the things we have to deal with. Optimism and positive thinking are powerful forces. Good things do come true if we picture them often. Please do have confidence in your potential. Just work hard and prepare for another chance.You will ma
20、ke it.Yours,Janet(152 words) Sample Essay for Task 2:Thinking positively means allowing your mind to be filled with optimistic feelings, and always hoping for the best though still aware of the difficulties that might be involved.The human mind is powerful; thoughts of optimism and pessimism can be
21、a self-fulfilling prophecy. Though it might seem impossible to some, positive thinking and success actually have a cause-and-result relationship. The reason is that a person with positive thinking will always broadcast goodwill and confidence and that kind of radiating attitude will take a hold on e
22、verybody.Gradually, peoples attitude will shift towards more trust and respect. This not only opens up more opportunities for the individual, but it also feeds back emotionally, and the cycle continues.Though the shaping of a positive or negative personality often happens subconsciously, it is possi
23、ble to control such processes consciously. A person can try visualizing favourable situations, whether it is remembering a contest won as a child or imagining getting that job offer so long sought after. Over time circumstances will change accordingly. (169 words)Unit ThreeThe Road to Success Enhanc
24、e Your Language Awareness Words in ActionWorking with Words and Expressions3. In the box below are some of the words you have learnt in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. Answers:a) favourable b) discouragedc) consentedd) neglecte) creptf) suffici
25、entg) tracedh) somewhati) refreshj) worthyk) prospectsl) resolvedm) remarkedn) undergoo) rewarded4. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form whe
26、re necessary. Answers: 16) pack up 17) many a18) stays the course19) put to the test20) flooding in21) came across22) come up with23) plunged . into Increasing Your Word Power1. Listed in the box below are some unit nouns. Discuss their meanings and then complete the following table by filling in th
27、e appropriate unit noun. The same unit noun may be used for more than once. Consult a dictionary if necessary. Answers: a slice of breada particle of rocka bunch of keysa bar of soapa can of orange juicea sheet of glassan item of businessan article of furniturea slice of meata particle of dusta can
28、of beera bar of chocolatean article of luggagea bunch of flowersa sheet of paperan item of expense2. Words such as respectful, respectable and respective may cause confusion because they are similar either in meaning or in spelling. To communicate effectively, we need to pay special attention to suc
29、h confusable words. Answers: 1) neglected 2) neglectful3) colourful4) coloured5) rough6) tough7) worth8) worthy9) favourable10) favourite11) respectful12) respectable13) respective14) considerate15) considerable3. Word BuildingMatch each of the English word in Column A with its Chinese meaning in Co
30、lumn B. You may consult a dictionary if necessary. Answers:1) d. 2) i 3) l 4) a 5) k 6) o 7) p 8) b 9) m 10) n 11) e 12) c 13) f 14) g 15) h 16) j Grammar in context1. Study the following sentences that appear in this unit, paying special attention to the subordinate clauses and connectives. Reflect
31、 on their grammatical function and then do the task that follows. Task: Fill in the blanks in the following sentences by choosing proper connectives from the box below. Answers for reference: 1) what 2) whether 3) whose 4) whoever 5) what 6) where 7) how 8) which 9) that 10) that2Study the following
32、 sentences that appear in this unit, paying special attention to “the preposition + relative pronoun” structure. Reflect on their uses and then do the following task.Task: Complete the following sentences using a preposition and a relative pronoun. Answers for reference: 1） of which 2) for which 3)
33、in which 4) in whom 5) of which 6) to which 7) for which 8) at which ClozeComplete the following passage with words and phrases chosen from Text A. The initial letter of each target word is given. Answers:1) for 2) aware 3) affair 4) prospects 5) storage 6) matter 7) plunged 8) break 9) offered 10)
34、dancing 11) cleared 12) welled 13) stick 14) sacrifices 15) publishedhttp:/ 1. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets. Answers for reference:1) Rumour has it that his new book is based on a true story about a family in a small Tennessee town
35、.2) He teaches in a middle school, but he does some translation work on the side to bring in extra cash / money.3) Its good to be confident (about yourself), but theres a difference between (self-)confidence and conceit.4) Only those who stick it out can achieve success. Those who give up halfway wi
36、ll never realize their dreams. 5) A true hero possesses / has courage, a noble purpose and a willingness to make sacrifices.6) Anyone who picks up this novel and reads the first paragraph will be hard pressed to put it down.7) In a sense, life is like swimming; if you keep holding on to the sides of
37、 the pool, you (will) never learn.8) The future of a nation depends in a large measure upon the quality of education and training.Theme-Related Writing1) Write a narrative essay (of about 150 words) about your pursuit of a dream or someones experiences in making his / her dream come true.Sample essa
38、yLi Hui, my friend in high school, was born into a workers family. She began to dream of becoming a cartoon artist from her childhood. To her disappointment, her parents strongly opposed her career choice, because the cost of her education would be too high for the poor family, and they were worried
39、 about the job opportunities for a cartoon artist. However, Li Hui would not change her mind. She worked hard to perfect her skills and searched persistently for ways to realise her dream. Just before she finished high school, the chance came: a famous art school was holding a cartoon drawing compet
40、ition. The first three winners would be given a scholarship to study cartoon drawing at the school. Li Hui told herself not to let the chance slip through her fingers. She readily participated and won the second place. She is now studying there and I feel certain that her dream will come true. (156
41、words)2) People may have different opinions about the key factors for success. Write a short essay (of about 150 words) and share your opinions with your classmates.Sample essay:In my opinion, before a person becomes successful, he or she should fully understand the basic elements of success: compet
42、ence, determination and optimism. For a person to succeed, he or she has to face great competition and excel in his or her chosen career. The person needs to demonstrate and prove his or her competence in dealing with problems. Without competence, the person can neither stand out among the crowd nor
43、 attract the attention of those who hold the keys to the doors of opportunity and advancement.Yet ability alone cannot guarantee success. Often enough, things do not go the way we have planned and failure is unavoidable no matter how intelligent or capable we may be. In such cases one needs to remain firm and optimistic, always believing that hard work will eventually pay off. If the person gives up halfw