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1、A Listening Course 4施心远主编听力教程4 (第2版)答案Unit 3Section One: Tactics for ListeningPart 1: Listening and Translation1.Girls score higher than boys in almost every country. 几乎在所有国家里，女孩子都比男孩子得分高。2. Differences between males and females are a continuing issue of fierce debate. 男女差异一直是激烈争论的焦点。3. Cultural and
2、 economic influences play an important part.文化和经济影响起着重要的作用。4. But recent findings suggest that the answer may lie in differences between the male and female brain.但是最新的发现提示，答案也许在男女大脑的差异。5. These include differences in learning rates. 这些包括学习速度上的差异。Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 Dialogue Ex
3、ercise: Listen to the dialogue and filling the blanks with the missing information.Serenading Service was founded three years ago when the singer realize that British people were desperate for romance. He thought there would be a clientele for a hired serenader. The idea came from his studies of Ren
4、aissance music, which is full of serenades. Over the centuries, university students have turned the serenade into an art form for hire. Usually he is hired by men to sing love songs to women. Occasionally he is asked to sing to men.The service is really a form of intimate alfresco theatre with love
5、songs. He usually wears a white tie and tails and sings amorous Italian songs. He will carry chocolate hearts or flowers and when there is no balcony available he will sing from trees or fire escapes!The fee depends on whether a musician comes along or not. The basic rate is 450 but it can cost a lo
6、t more especially if he takes a gondola and a group of musicians along. Some people are so moved that they burst into tears, but some react badly. They try to find out as much as they can about their clients to avoid unpleasant situations. They have to be very careful these days because a serenade c
7、an be completely misinterpreted. Part 2 Passage Ex. A. Pre-listening QuestionWhat memory strategies do you know that can help you remember things better?1) Brain prioritizes by meaning, value and relevance. 2) Your attitude has much to do with whether you remember something or not. 3) Your understan
8、ding of new materials depends on what you already know. 4) You can learn and remember better if you can group ideas into some sort of meaningful categories or groups.5) The brains quickest and probably the longest-lasting response is to images. 6) Memory is increased when facts to be learned are con
9、sciously associated with something familiar to you.Ex. B: Sentence Dictation1.Mnemonics are methods for remembering information that is otherwise quite difficult to recall.2. Our brains evolved to code and interpret complex stimuli such as images, colors, structures, sounds, smells, tastes, touch, p
10、ositions, emotions and language. 3. While language is one of the most important aspects of human evolution, it is only one of the many skills and resources available to our minds.4. Association is the method by which you link a thing to be remembered to a way of remembering it.5. Location gives you
11、two things: a coherent context into which you can place information, and a way of separating one mnemonic from another.Ex. C: Detailed Listening. 1. Mnemonics are tools which can help you to improve your memory. T. (Memory tools can help you to improve your memory. Mnemonic is another word for memor
12、y tool.)2. The fundamental principle of mnemonics is to make full use of the best functions of the brain to store information. T (The basic principle of mnemonics is to use as many of the best functions of your brain as possible to store information.)3. Information we have to remember is almost alwa
13、ys presented in different ways. F (Unfortunately information we have to remember is almost always presented in only one way-as words printed on a page.)4. We can do four things to form striking images, which will help to make our mnemonics more memorable. T ( Use positive, pleasant images; use vivid
14、, colorful, sense-laden images; use all your senses to code information or dress up an image; give our image three dimensions, movement and space.) 5. There is one basic principle in the use of mnemonics. F (There are three fundamental principles underlying the use of mnemonics: imagination, associa
15、tion and location)6. Association is what we use to create and strengthen imagination.F (Imagination is what you use to create and strengthen the associations needed to create effective mnemonics.)7. You can choose the imagery in your mnemonics as you likeT (The imagery you use in your mnemonics can
16、be as violent, vivid, or sensual as you like, as long as it help you to remember.)8. You can create associations by linking things using the same stimuli. T. (You can create associations by linking them using the same color, smell, shape, or feeling.)Ex. D: After-listening Discussion1. What is the b
17、asic principle of mnemonics? Why can we improve our memory by following the principle? To use as many of the best functions of your brain as possible to store information.Evolved to code and interpret complex stimuli. Use these to make sophisticated models of the world. Our memories store all of the
18、se effectively.However, information is presented in only one way. Language is only one of the many skills and resources available to our minds.By coding languages and numbers in striking images,/ can reliable code both information and structure of information. Then easily recall these later.2. Why i
19、s a good memory important to us? Open.Section Three NewsNews Item 1Ex. A: Summarize the newsThis news item is about the Somali pirates strike.Ex. B: Listen to the news again and answer the questions.1. Whether this latest attempted hijacking was the promised revenge for the killing of three Somali p
20、irates by the US navy isnt clear.2. No, the pirates havent been deferred.3. Because the financial rewards for a successful hijacking remain so great and Somalia remains so lawless.4. At any one time there are only fifteen to eighteen international warships in the area to police an expanse of sea cov
21、ering more than a million square kilometres.5. It may be because of the relatively small scale of the problem.Tape script of News Item One:The piracy problem looks like its here to stay despite the recent muscular interventions by the French and American navies. Whether this latest attempted hijacki
22、ng was the promised revenge for the killing of three Somali pirates by the US navy isnt clear. But it does suggest at the very least that the pirates havent been deterred.So why does the problem persist? Put simply maritime security analysts say piracy will continue as long as the financial rewards
23、for a successful hijacking remain so great and Somalia remains so lawless. Certainly the international effort to thwart the problem is relatively limited. At any one time there are only fifteen to eighteen international warships in the area to police an expanse of sea covering more than a million sq
24、uare kilometres. Although it has been suggested that raids could be mounted on the pirates home towns, it seems unlikely therell be any major increase in the military effort unless theres a spectacular hijacking involving the deaths of many crew members. The reluctance to mount a major international
25、 naval operation in the area may also be down to the relatively small scale of the problem. Last year, according to figures from the International Maritime Bureau, nearly twenty three thousand ships passed through the Gulf of Aden. Only ninety two were hijacked. Rob Watson, BBC News News Item 2Ex. A
26、: Listen to the news and complete the summary This news item is about Obamas military plan in Afghanistan. Ex. B: True or false.1. The President is considering leaving Afghanistan.F. (The President is making it clear that leaving Afghanistan is not an option.)2. Obama wouldnt shrink the number of tr
27、oops in Afghanistan, neither would he deploy more military troops. T.3. President Obama thought his assessment would be rigorous and deliberate.T.4. Opinions against Obama are not heard.F. (some Republicans and members of the Presidents own party are dubious about committing more resources and milit
28、ary personnel to a conflict where there is no end in sight.)5. The conflict in Afghanistan seems to be over soon.F. (about committing more resources and military personnel to a conflict where there is no end in sight.)6. Afghanistan can be the second Vietnam. T. (The word Vietnam is heard more and m
29、ore on Capitol Hill.)Script of News Item Two:The President is making it clear that leaving Afghanistan is not an option. Its not on the table. According to one White House source, he told the meeting that he wouldnt shrink the number of troops in Afghanistan or opt for a strategy of merely targeting
30、 al-Qaeda leaders. But he wouldnt be drawn on the military request for more troops. There appears to be a frustration that the review of strategy has sometimes been portrayed in black-and-white terms of a massive increase or reduction of troop numbers.President Obama told the group made up of the mo
31、st senior Republican and Democrat senators and congressmen that his assessment would be rigorous and deliberate. But its going on too long for some Republicans and members of the Presidents own party are dubious about committing more resources and military personnel to a conflict where there is no e
32、nd in sight. The word Vietnam is heard more and more on Capitol Hill.The President was certainly right when he said his final decision wouldnt make everyone in the room, or the country, happy.Mark Mardell, BBC News, WashingtonNews Item 3Ex. A: Listen and summarize the news item This news item is abo
33、ut fragile peace that returns to Gaza.Ex. B: Listen again and fill in the blanks.There were traffic jams on the road north, families heading to Gaza City to reunite with friends and relatives. Long lines of cars backed up at the makeshift roadblocks the Israelis have left behind. But the tanks are g
34、one, only the deep tracks remain. There were buildings pitted with Israeli tank rounds; from the holes that have been punched in the walls it was clear there had also been snipers waiting for them. North of Khan Younis we saw some of the Qassam fighters returning home, their rifles slung lazily arou
35、nd their shoulders. For three weeks the Israelis pounded the tunnels that run beneath the perimeter wall but last night we met people who insist that some of these tunnels are still open and still some fuel is being pumped from the Egyptian sider. If the border crossings remain close, say the Palest
36、inians, these tunnels are their only link to the outside world. Script of News Item 3There were traffic jams on the road north, families heading to Gaza City to reunite with friends and relatives. Long lines of cars backed up at the makeshift roadblocks the Israelis have left behind. But the tanks a
37、re gone, only the deep tracks remain. There were buildings pitted with Israeli tank rounds; from the holes that have been punched in the walls it was clear there had also been snipers waiting for them. North of Khan Younis we saw some of the Qassam fighters returning home, their rifles slung lazily
38、around their shoulders. The destruction weve seen has largely been inflicted on the Hamas infrastructure: police stations, military outposts, government buildings, so far the most extensive damage - that at the border in Rafah where nothing was spared. For three weeks the Israelis pounded the tunnel
39、s that run beneath the perimeter wall but last night we met people who insist that some of these tunnels are still open and still some fuel is being pumped from the Egyptian side; impossible for us to verify independently, but they say they are determined to reopen them and to dig them deeper. If th
40、e border crossings remain close, say the Palestinians, these tunnels are their only link to the outside world. Christian Fraser, BBC News, GazaSection FourPart 1 Feature reportExercise A:This news report is about the recreation of the prehistoric world in Liaoning, China, based on the scientific fin
41、dings on fossils discovered there.Exercise B:1. 35 prehistoric animals were created.2. They recreated the extinct beasts through the marriage of science, art and technology.3. The exhibit is not behind the glass or otherwise enclosed, so visitors are eye to eye with extinct beasts. It is displayed i
42、n this way so that visitors will feel as if theyve stepped into a Chinese forest 130 million years in the past.4. He says its accurate because every single plant, every insect, every organic feature in it actually represents something that has been found as a fossil in northeastern China.5. The only
43、 thing scientists had to make up is what color some of the animals were.6. According to Michael Novacek, birds are living dinosaurs.7. They study the movements of commonplace turkeys, chickens and ostriches to learn how similarly-built dinosaurs would stand or walk.8. By using high-tech imagery, fos
44、sils, and the knowledge gained from the biology of barnyard animals, scientists now estimate the giant T-Rex could reach speeds of 16 kilometers per hour, far slower that the more than 70 kilometers per hour previously thought.Script：Dinosaur Discoveries Made Possible through Art, Technology, Modern
45、 LivestockThe rolling hills of a province in northeastern China are now terraced for farming, but beneath that farmland are clues to a prehistoric world unlike any seen by human eyes - until this week. Some 130 million years after dinosaurs roamed the Liaoning forest, the world has been painstakingl
46、y recreated in New York Citys American Museum of Natural History. The sound of the prehistoric forest is one of the few things that has been imagined in this 65 square-meter diorama. The gingko leaves, piney trees and life-sized models of 35 prehistoric animals were created through the marriage of s
47、cience, art and technology, as every detail, down to the sleeping pose of a dinosaur, is based on scientific findings. The exhibit is not behind glass or otherwise enclosed, so visitors are eye-to-eye with extinct beasts, feeling as if theyve stepped into a Chinese forest 130 million years in the pa
48、st. Mark Norell is a paleontologist who has worked in Liaoning, searching for clues to recreate this prehistoric world. Its accurate because every single plant, every insect, every organic feature in it actually represents something that has been found as a fossil in northeastern China, he explained, so the only thing that we had to sort of make up a little bit is what color some the animals were. Even though we know some of theme were patterned, but we know definitely that they were patterned, because we can see that is the s