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1、Lesson 20 One man in a boatStep 1 Key words and expressions1. catch v. 抓到 过去式caught,过去分词caughtcatch fish, catch thiefcatch cold : 染上感冒catch a bus : 赶车catch ones breath : 摒住呼吸catch sight of = see : 看见catch fire : 着火catch ones eyes : 吸引某人注意力2. fisherman n. 钓鱼人, 渔民fish作“鱼肉”时，是不可数名词，如 I would like some
2、fish for lunch.而它的可数名词形式分为俩种情况，一是作鱼的条数讲时，其复数形式是原形fish;而作鱼的种类时，复数形式为fishes,如：There are two fish in this river.There are two fishes in this river.3. boot n. 靴子 a pair of boots 4. waste n. 浪费 v.浪费a waste ofIt is a waste of time/money/food.Do not waste your money on silly things.5. realize v. 意识到 realiz
3、e不用于进行时态，后面一般跟从句。 He did not realize his mistake. I did not realize how late it is. 还可作“实现”realize ones dreamStep 2 Grammar pointI. 动名词动名词由动词 + ing构成，否定形式为not doing，具有动词和名词的性质，在句中起名词作用，可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。（1）作主语动名词是由动词变化而来，所以，动名词的意义往往是表示某个动作或某件事情。例如：Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动Seeing is believing. 眼
4、见为实。Smoking may cause cancer. 吸烟可能导致癌症。动名词作主语时，对于一些比较长的动名词短语，一般采用It is 和There is 两种句式来表示。Its nice talking with you. 和你谈话很高兴。 Its no use arguing with him. 跟他争论没用。There is no littering about. 不许乱扔杂物。（2） 一般只限于单个的动名词作定语，表示“用于的”或表示“处于某件事情中的”含义。例如：swimming pool 游泳池 reading material 阅读材料 walking stick 手杖 f
5、loating needle 浮针 opening speech 开幕词 listening aid 助听器 waiting room 候车室 running water 自来水 developing countries 发展中国家 working people 劳动人民（3）作表语 动名词作表语的时候，特别要注意：不要与正在进行时混淆。动名词作表语，表达的是“某件事”等。例如： His part-time job is promoting new products for the company. （动名词） 他的业余工作是为那家公司推销新产品。 Reading is for sure le
6、arning, but applying is also learning to a greater extent.（动名词） 读书当然是学习，然而运用在很大程度上更是学习。（4）作宾语admit，appreciate，avoid，consider，delay，dislike，enjoy，escape，excuse，face，feel，like，finish，forgive，give up，imagine，include，keep，mention，mind，miss，practise，put off，resist，risk，suggest，cant help（情不自禁），cant stand（
7、无法忍受）等动词成词组后可以用动名词作宾语。forget，go on，mean，regret，remember，stop，try等动词或词组可带动名词或不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别。Lets go on studying Lesson 6. （让我们继续学第六课。说明前面已学了一部分。）Lets go on to study Lesson 6. （让我们接着学第六课。说明前面已学了第五课。）I remember doing the exercise. （我记得做过练习。）I must remember to do it. （我必须记着做这事。）I tried not to go there.
8、（我设法努力不去那里。）I tried doing it again. （我试着又干了一次。）Stop speaking. （不要讲话。）He stopped to talk. （他停下来讲话。）I mean to come early today. （我打算今天早些来。）Missing the train means waiting for another hour. （误了这趟火车意味着再等一个小时。）在短语devote to，look forward to，stick to，to be used to，object to，thank you for，excuse me for，be(ke
9、pt) busy，have difficulty/trouble/problem(in)，have a good/wonderful/hard time(in)，theres no use/good/need，feel/seem like/get down to等后的动词也必须用动名词形式，例如：I look forward to hearing from you soon.练习I. 选择1.Remember _ the newspaper when you have finished it. A. putting back B. put back C. to put back D. be p
10、ut back2.As she is looking forward to _ from me, please remember _ this letter on your way to school.A. hear；post B. hearing；to postC. be heard；posting D. be hearing；to posting3.Grandma said that she had a lot of trouble _ your handwriting.A. to read B. to see C. reading D. in seeing4.Writing storie
11、s and articles _ what I enjoy most.A. is B. are C. was D. were5.We appreciate _ us to the ball.A. them to inviteB. to invite C. their invitingD. being invited6.Would you mind _ quiet for a moment? Im trying _ a form.A. keeping；filling out B. to keep；to fill outC. keeping；to fill out D. to keep；filli
12、ng out7.He was afraid _ for being late.A. of seeingB. of being seen C. to be seen D. to have seen8.Id like to suggest _ the meeting till next week.A. to put off B. putting off C. put off D. to be put off9.I dont see how I could possibly manage _ the work without _.A. finish；helping B. to finish；bein
13、g helpedC. finishing；helping D. finishing；being helped10. Anything worth _ is worthy of _ well.A. doing；being done B. doing；doingC. to be done；to be done D. to be done；being done11. We advised them to take a rest, but they insisted _ the work.A. finish B. to finishC. in finishing D. on finishing12.
14、I delayed _ your letter because I had been away for a week.A. answer B. answering C. writing D. to post13. The thief drove as fast as he could to escape _ by the police.A. to be caughtB. be caught C. being caught D. catching14. I searched for my wallet and it wasnt there. At first, I thought I _ it
15、at home. Then I remembered _ it out to pay for the taxi.A. must have left；to take B. may leave；takingC. might leave；to take D. could have left；taking15. _ the news of his fathers death, he burst into tears.A. After hearing B. On hearing C. While hearingD. Having heard16. _ his mother, the baby could
16、 not help _.A. To see；to laugh B. Seeing；to laughC. Seeing；laughing D. To see；laughing17.Its no use _ so much money on clothes.A. spend B. spent C. spendingD. being spent18.The sentence needs _.A. improveB. a improvement C. improving D. improved19.If he succeeded _ a job, his children wouldnt be suf
17、fering from hunger now.A. to find B. to look for C. in findingD. in looking for20.I still remember _ to my home town when I was young.A. takingB. takenC. being takenD. to take、填入动名词的适当形式：1. Can you imagine yourself _ in a lonely island? (stay)2. I cant understand your _ at that poor child. (laugh)3.
18、 She didnt mind _ overtime. (work)4. To make a living, he tried _, _, and various other things, but he had failed in all. (write; paint)5. We are looking forward to Marys _. (come)6. She was praised for _ the life of the child. (save)7. She ought to be praised instead of _. (criticize).8. Is there a
19、ny possibility of our _ the championship? (win)9. He came to the party without _. (invite)Step 3 Exercise完形填空Friends are very important in our everyday life. Everyone 1 friends. We all like to feel close to someone. _2_ is nice to have a friend to talk, laugh, and do things with. 3 , sometimes we ne
20、ed to be alone. We dont always want people 4 . But we would feel lonely if we _5_ had a friend.No two people are 6 . Friends 7 dont get on well. That doesnt mean that they no longer like each other. Most of the time they will make up (言归于好) and become 8 again.Sometimes friends move away. Then we fee
21、l very 9 . We miss them very much, but we can 10 them and write to them. And we can _11 new friends. It is encouraging to find out how much we like new people when we get to know them.Theres more good news for people who have friends. They live _12_ than people who dont. Why? Friends can make us fee
22、l happy. _13_ happy helps you stay well. Or it could be just done that someone cares. If some one cares about you, you take 14 care of 15 .1.A. loves B. hates C. needs D. becomes 2. A. It B. He C. There D. Someone3. A. Hardly B. Nearly C. Suddenly D. Certainly 4. A. alone B. away C. all over D. arou
23、nd 5. A. ever B. never C. just D. really 6. A. friendly B. kind C. just the same D. quite different 7 A. always B. sometimes C. often D. usually 8. A. friendly B. good C. pleased D. friends 9. A. angry B. sad C. happy D. alone 10. A. call B. ask C. tell D. talk with 11. A. look for B. find C. make D
24、. know 12. A. longerB. shorter C. slower D. faster 13. A. Smelling B. Being C. Sounding D. Making 14. A. less B. better C. little D. no 15. A. you B. your C. yours D. yourself11.C12.B13.C14.A15.C16.C17.B18.B19.B20.A 21.D22.B23.C24.D25.B26.C27.C28.C29.C30.C、1.staying2.laughing 3.working 4.writing; pa
25、inting ing 6.having saved 7.being criticized8.winning 9.being invited答案简析1C。根据上文，friends are very important. 可以知道每个人都需要朋友, 故选needs。2A。这里应用it做形式主语，代替后面真正的主语，即to have a friend。3D。一方面我们需要和朋友在一起，另一方面我们也需要独处，根据句意，应该选certainly。4D。根据上一句we need to be alone，可以知道我们有时也不希望周围一直有人相伴，故选around。5B。根据句意，没有朋友的情况下会感到孤独
26、。故选never。6C。根据句意，世界上没有两个人是相同的，故选just the same。7B。既然人与人之间总有不同之处，所以朋友有时也会有矛盾,故选sometimes。8D。根据上半句they will make up可以知道产生分歧的朋友也会和好如初。故选friends。9B。根据语境，朋友离开应是很难过的事情。故选sad。10A。根据常识，思念朋友时，我们可以通过打电话和写信来和朋友联络, 故选call。11C。make friends为固定结构，意思是“交朋友”。12A。根据上句中“good news”, 可以知道这里应该是长寿，又因为句中有than, 可以知道应填比较级，故选longer。13B。根据题意，心情好，有助于身体健康。这里用动名词短语充当主语，happy是形容词，前面应添上be动词，故选 being 。14B。根据题意，如果别人关心你，你就会加倍珍惜自己，故选better。15D。根据题意，这里表示“自己照顾自己“，故选yourself 。