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1、Lesson 45 A clear conscience,1.clear adj. 无罪的；不亏心的；清晰地 a clear conscience 问心无愧 2.conscience n. 道德；良心 eg:不做亏心事，不怕半夜鬼敲门。 A clear conscience never fears midnight knocking.,3.wallet n. 钱包,4.savings n. 存款 saving bank 储蓄银行 eg: 他用存的钱买了这辆自行车。 He used his savings to buy the bike .,5.villager n. 村民；乡下人 er 表示人
2、，类似的词很多。如： waiter 侍者 manager 经理 reporter 记者,6.per cent 百分之 eg: 我百分之百同意。 Im 100 per cent in agreement .,text,Listen and anwser: 1.This story is about _. Sam BenthB. Sam Benton C. Benth 2.Did he found his wallet outside his front door ? A.Yes ,he did B. No ,he didnt 3.How much money was sent to the ow
3、ner in total ? A.100 per cent B.25 per cent C.75 per cent,1The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost. 主从复合句，that引导宾语从句。 （1）village在这里为总称，指“村民”，the whole village指“全村的人” eg:这消息使全村的人兴奋。 The whole village was excited by the news.,2. learn在句中的含义为“获悉”、“得知”： 我刚刚得知她病了。 Ive just l
4、earnt that she was ill.,3Sam Benton, the local butcher, had lost his wallet while taking his savings to the post office. 简单句。while 引导的现在分词作伴随状语 while he was taking his savings to the post office。现在分词这样用的前提是两个动词的主语是同一个，并且这两个动作通常是同时发生的.,他一边打扫房间一边听音乐。 He listened to music while cleaning the room. 如果是主语
5、不一致则必须用从句： 我打扫房间时，他在听音乐 He listened to music while I was cleaning the room.,4Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagers must have been + 动词过去分词 用于对过去已发生的事进行推测时 我到这儿的时候他已不在了。他一定早走了。 When I arrived, he wasnt here. He must have left early.,5it contained half the money he
6、had lost, half the money = half of the money，money前都必须有the，因为是指特定的钱。 这面包有一半已变质了。 Half the bread/ half of the bread was bad.,6In time, all Sams money was paid back in this way. 含一般过去式的简单句。 （1）in time可以表示“经过一段时间”或“最终”、“迟早”： 我最终总有一天会把一切都告诉你的。 Ill tell you everything in time.,（2）in this way表示“用这样的方式”： 必
7、须注意你的拼写。 这样你才能最终成为一个好秘书。 You must pay attention to your spelling. In this way, you can become a good secretary in time.,语态也是动词的一种形式，英语有两种语态 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。 1）We use electricity to run machines. （主动语态） 2）Electricity is used to run machines. （被动语态）,时间,现在,过去,一般时,进
8、行时,完成时,be done,be being done,Be(was,were) done,be being done,将来,will / shall be done,Will / shall have been done,Have/has been done,had been done,过去将来,would / should be done,would / should have been done,1、 一般现在时的被动语态 am / is / are + 动词的过去分词Our classroom is cleaned every day.This car is made in Chin
9、a. 2、一般过去式的被动语态 was / were + 动词的过去分词His desk was cleaned just now.The station was built in 1928.,3、现在进行时的被动语态 am / is / are + being + 动词的过去分词 A new factory is being built in our city now.Some trees are being cut down in the park.,4、过去进行时的被动语态 was / were + being + 动词的过去分词 A new factory was being buil
10、t in our city at that time. Some babies were being looked after by Miss Chen last year.,5、一般将来时的被动语态: (A) will / shall + be + 动词的过去分词 (B) am / is / are + going to be +动词的过去分词. Some new factories will be built in our city this year. Your watch is going to be mended in an hour.,6、过去将来时的被动语态 (1)would /
11、 should + be + 动词的过去分词 (2)was / were +going to be + 动词的过去分词. She said that some new factories would be built soon in our city. He thought that your watch was going to be mended after an hour,7、现在完成时的被动语态 have / has + been + 动词的过去分词 Some new factories have been built in the city since last year.Your
12、watch has been mended already.,8、过去完成时的被动语态 had + been + 动词的过去分词 He said that some new factories had been built in the city.I didnt know that my watch had been mended .,带双宾语的两种被动语态形式： 把指人的间接宾语用作被动句的主语 She gave me a book. I was given a book by her. 把指物的直接宾语用作被动句的主语，此时，间接宾语前需加介词to或for 1) She gave me a
13、 book. A book was given to me by her.,一般现在时：amisare done 一般过去时：waswere done 现在完成时：have has been done 过去完成时：had been done 现在进行时：amisare being done 过去进行时：was / were being done 一般将来时：shall will be done 过去将来时：should would be done 含情态动词：情态动词be done,2). She bought me a present. A present was bought for me
14、 by her. 练习:Her mother gave her a new pen（变被动） A new pen _ _ _ her by her mother was given to,1.The new computers _ to the village school as presents last month. are given B. gave C. given D. were given 2.-When _ this kind of computer_? -Last year. did;use B. was;used C. is;used D. are;used,3 This E
15、nglish song_ by the girls after class. A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung,4 The broken bike_ here by Mr Smith. A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mended,5 The papers _ to them. were shown B. show C. shown / D. have shown,6 What time _ the door _ every day?
16、 does; closed B. does; close C. is; closed D. /; close,1. Last year vegetables _ (grow) in the garden by Tom and he _ (sell) them himself. 2. She _ (help)him with his homework tomorrow evening. 3. How many magazines _ ( can borrow) in your library every week ? 答案：were grown/ sold/will help/can be bo
17、rrowed,5. Who _ (save) her father yesterday? He _ (save) by that policeman. 6. The doctor _ (send for) because his grandpa was ill. 答案：saved /was saved/was sent for,7. _ paper _ (make) of wood ? 1.They often clean their classroom after school（改为被动语态) Their classroom_often_by them after school. Is /m
18、ade /are cleaned,2.Li Lei gave Tom a new pen last week.(同上） A new pen_ _ _ Tom last week. 3.A lot of people in China can speak English now.(同上） English _ _ _by a lot of people in China now. was given to /can be spoken,4.I have learned English for about two years.(同上） English_ _ _for about two years.
19、 5.They will publish these story-books next month.（同上） These story-books_ _ _next month. has been learnt/will be published,一.被动语态的否定式: 在第一个助动词后加not构成 We dont believe her . 变被动She is not believed by us . 二.被动语态的疑问式：把第一个助动词提到主语之前,句尾加问号构成。 Where did they grow vegetables？（改为被动语态） Where _ vegetables _? (答案: were, grown),