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1、Unit1MODEL 1 Youre just going to have study hardNora: Only our first day back at school, and already I feel like Ive learned a lot.Chris: Only our first day back at school, and I already feel like Im up to my ears in homework.Nora: Youre going to have to hit the books if you want to keep your grades
2、 up.Chris: Tell me about it! I already have two reports, two books reports, a composition, an oral report, and a research projectall due before midterms.Nora: We could work together. Maybe some of my organized study habit would rub off on you.Chris: Better yet, maybe you could do my homework for me.
3、Nora: Forget it! That would be cheating.Chris: All right, all right. I have yet to write a term paper. Can you recommend any articles and books? Youd better find me the exact pages where I can find what I want.Nora: You could borrow ideas from references, but if you quote without giving the sources,
4、 youre plagiarizing.Chris: The quiz next week will be a headache. If you dont help me, Ill have to prepare some study sheets and hide them in my hand when I take the test.Nora: Oh, no! If youre caught, the professor will definitely give you an F. Probably, you will have to repeat the year.Chris: All
5、 right, Ill take your advice. The library is going to be my new home, and in the dorm Ill be burning the midnight oil.MODEL2 Which class do you prefer?ScriptChris: First period is math with Mr. Woods. I dont know how am I going to stay awake?Nora: I like Mr. Wood. Hes interesting.Chris: Hes boring!
6、He could put the entire basketball team to sleepduring the championship game! Who do you have for economics?Nora: Mrs. Jenkins. Shes smart. Students really learn a lot from her.Chris: Shes tough! You have to work hard in her class, or youll probably fail.Nora: No pain, no gain.Chris: Nonsense, You c
7、ould have learned even more with Mr. Sharp. But not many students opt for his class.Nora: Whats wrong with him?Chris: Often, the highest grade he gives on a term paper is C+, and he usually fails half of the students.Nora: No wonder hes got the nickname Mr. Shark. Well, how about PE? What are you do
8、ing this semester?Chris: Thats the worst part. In PE, were learning tai chi. Im bored to death.Nora: Ha-ha! Not to rub salt into the wound, but our class is playing your favorite sport: basketball.Chris: Ohthat figures! This is going to be a terrible semester.Nora: This is going to be a great semest
9、er!MODEL3 Publish or perishScriptChris: Tell us, Professor Grant, What are your primary duties as a professor?Professor Grant: Well, I do a lot of research and writing. Its rough being an associate professor. Its publish or perish.Chris: So you spent a lot of time in your office?Professor Grant: Yes
10、, but I also have to prepare class motes, give lectures, hold office hours. Teaching is an important part of being a professor.Chris: With all those responsibilities, you must make a lot of money.Professor Grant: I wish. Actually, I spend a lot of tome applying foe grants to fund my research. Then I
11、 can offer assistantships and scholarships to the worthy graduate.Chris: I see why they call you “the boss”. But being a professor sounds pretty competitive.Professor Grant: Actually, I think you were in one of my classesChris: Um.I think youre mistaken, Professor Grant!Professor Grant: No, I rememb
12、er very clearly now! You owe me an essay!Chris: Sorry, I have too much work to do for the Student Union Newsletter, and I have to work two jobs to pay for school.Professor Grant: So you get an F in this course.Unit2MODEL 1 Our globe is in dangerJohn: How is your Grandma getting along during this usu
13、ally hot weather?Nora: Over the last few years, Granny has been complaining that the hot, humid weather is killing her. She believes the weather has changed.John: What she means is the climates long-term conditions; weather refers only to day-to-day conditions.Nora: Yeah, she says summer is hotter,
14、and winter wetter. But I tried to comfort her, saying, “Its all in your mind, Granny.”John: Shes right, you know. The greenhouse effect does bring global warming and rain.Nora: How can I explain global warming and greenhouse gases to a 97-year-old Granny?John: Tell her the earth now is like a real g
15、reenhouse made of glass panels that let in light and trap heat.Nora: Think shell want to know that carbon monoxide from earth makes greenhouse gases?John: Everybody should know what cause global warming; otherwise we wont stop it.Nora: Ill tell Granny not to burn any more wood or coal, or to use spr
16、ay on the hair.John: OK, joke about it, but it wont be so funny when the polar icecaps melt and oceans rise.MODEL2 Rain-forests will soon be only a memory.ScriptSusan: Hey, Chris, there is an environmental group on campus asking for donations to save the rainforests.Chris: So what?Susan: So what?! D
17、ont you want to save the rainforests?Chris: But therere no rainforests in our country. They need hot, tropical climates.Susan: Come on. A rain forest is any forest where heavy rainfall leads to dense vegetation. Tropical rainforests can be found in hoe, tropical areas, but there are also cool rainfo
18、rests, including one in southeast Alaska.Chris: How did you know that?Susan: Well, Ive just read a book on rainforests. You know, 140nillion people live in the worlds rainforests, and 35 percent of the worlds plant and animal species exist only in rainforests.Chris: Wow, Im impressed. So what else h
19、ave you learned?Susan: Most of the worlds rainforests are in danger of destruction by loggers, farmers and developers. They are disappearing at a rate of 1000 acres a minute!Chris: Its terrible!Susan: Yeah, weve got to find a way to save them. Now would you like to give a donation?Chris: Sure.MODEL3
20、 What a terrible sandstorm!ScriptSusan: Hey, John. Youre back. A few days ago, a big sandstorm hit our cityJohn: Oh, thats bad.Susan: The air was full of dirt and sand and dust. I had to wear a scarf around my head. John: The dust, as I know, comes from Mongolia. And from my reading in science, Ive
21、heard the dust often comes after a long period of drought.Susan: This is a serious problem in many parts of the world, and unfortunately our city is one of them.John: And if the drought continues, the soil is easily airborne. And then if the wind comes, the soil can be lifted up on the cold are that
22、 rises up, and it can travel very long distances.Susan: Normally, when theres a wind, it can clear the air, and you have beautiful weather. But when the dust is brought in with the wind, then you cant breathe, you cant see well, and its dangerous for driving, or for walking.John: Yeah. You know, whe
23、n the dust is lifted up it can go as high 3,000 meters. And its not just China that has problems, but many other countries. For example, the middle of Australia sometimes has dust storms, and some of the dust goes up very high, goes across the ocean, and falls down on New Zealand.Susan: Not a very n
24、ice neighbor.John: Is there a solution to the problem?Susan: We need to plant more trees and grass so that the soil can stay where it is.John: No wonder the government is launching a new afforestation program in a bid t address the environmental problem.Unit3 MODEL 1 Americans glorify individualism.
25、Susan: John, I was looking for you. Where have you been hiding all morning?John: Well, I caught Professor Browns lecture on American individualism.Susan: Oh, how did you find it?John: Enlightening. Americans glorify individualism. They believe individual interests rank above everything else.Susan: S
26、ounds interesting. Its a sharp contrast to the oriental collectivism Professor Wang talked about last semester.John: But you should know that the individualism in the United States is not necessarily an equivalent for selfishness.Susan: Then what does it mean in the States?John: They believe all val
27、ues, rights, and duties originate in individuals, so they emphasize individual initiative and independence.Susan: There could be something in that. Of course in oriental countries the interests of the group are more important than anything else.John: I So, its all the more necessary for foreigners t
28、o understand American culture, or they cant hope to understand the importance of privacy in the West.Susan: Maybe thats the reason nuclear families outnumber extended families in the United States.John: Right on! Youre catching on fast!Susan: Now let me ask you a question.John: Shoot. Go ahead.Susan
29、: Why do Americans cherish individualism more than oriental people?John: I dont know. Anyway, Professor Brown didnt say.Susan: One reason might be that American children stop sleeping with their parents at an early age. They learn independence early, so its deeply rooted.John: Wow, thats an intellig
30、ent guess!MODEL2 What do you think are the reasons for that difference? ScriptSusan: Do you find that people in America often walk faster than people in China? Americans always seem to be in a hurry.John: Its hard to come to a definite conclusion. Some Americans walk in a leisurely way, and some Chi
31、nese hurry all the time. But on the whole, I think youre right.Susan: What do you think are the reasons for that difference?John: Americans treasure time. For them, time is tangible. Its a thing. “Time is money.” You can “spend time”, “waste time”, “save time”. You can even “kill time”!Susan: Does t
32、his strong sense of time affect their lifestyle?John: Sure. If youre 20 minutes late for a business appointment, the other person or persons will be annoyed. They may not trust you anymore.Susan: But as far as I know, English-speaking people may be 15-30 minutes late for a dinner party.John: Thats t
33、rue. For an informal occasion like that, punctuality is not so important. Also, a boss may keep his employees waiting for a long time.Susan: But if his secretary is late, shes in trouble. She will probably receive a reprimand.John: How true!Susan: The American worship of time probably led them to cr
34、eate fast foods.John: I agree. And globalization shrinks the differences between cultures. Now people everywhere are rushing, and anywhere you go, you find Kentucky Fried Chicken.Susan: But plenty of Chinese are still making appointments saying, “If I am late, wait for me.”John: But with more interc
35、ultural communication, I think the gap will eventually be bridged, and Chinese will be hurrying everywhere.MODEL3 Thats the secret of their success.ScriptChris: Hey Sue, hows the math class going? Are you head of the class?Susan: Are you kidding? Theres a bunch of foreign students in the class-from
36、China somewhere-and they are on top.Chris: Why do you think so many Chinese students excel in math? Its been my observation that the Chinese students are usually the best.Susan: In class they dont say much, but they definitely get the best marks.Chris: I think part of it is their work ethic. They ne
37、ver skip class, and they pay attention.Susan: One Chinese student in my class did homework each night until the early hours. He never took a break, watched TV, or went out for a beer.Chris: Thats the secret of their success: hard work and diligence.Susan: Its so unfair. I could probably do better if
38、 I worked harder, but thats no fun. I think learning should be more fun.Chris: Someone with a knowledge of chess would find a chess tournament fascinating. But if you dont have the knowledge, then you wont understand the significance of the moves, and youll be bored.Susan: So what youre saying is kn
39、owledge requires hard work, and knowledge makes things interesting. I am not against knowledge; I just want to learn it in an interesting way. Whats more, “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.”Unit4 MODEL 1 Is youth wasted on the young?Amy: Id like to talk to you, so stop what youre doing for
40、 a minute.Bill: What is it, Amy? Im having a hectic time working on this report for tomorrows meeting.Amy: Well, youre always pretty busy, and its been more five years, almost six, since we were married.Bill: Yes, time has gone so fast, but theyve been good years.Amy: I know, but I want to have a ba
41、byI want us to have a baby.Bill: I know you do. But remember, we said wed wait until we could afford it.Amy: But five years is a long time to wait. Anyway, its long enough.Bill: Im this close to getting a promotion.Amy: What has that got to do with it? We could wait forever if we wait for the perfec
42、t moment. Soon well be too old to enjoying having a baby.Bill: You know, you have a good point. This report can wait. Ill do it tomorrow morning. Lets open a bottle of wine and enjoy ourselves.MODEL2 So many people in the United States get divorced!ScriptKim: Hi Amy.Amy: Hi! Look at this headline, K
43、im.Kim: Wow! So many people in the United States get divorced!Amy: But this is not uncommon in west. In some places, the divorce rate can be as high as 50 percent.Kim: It seems strange to me that Westerners fall head heels in love quickly, if not at first sight; but they also leave each other quickl
44、y.Amy: Is it the same in your country?Kim: I dont think so. In my country, some marriages break up, but most couples stay together.Amy: Do people get married young?Kim: Not really. Not many people get married before the age of 20.Amy: Hmm. Do woman usually work after they get married?Kim: No, a lot
45、of women stay home to take care of their families. But more women work now.MODEL3 Why not have both our parents here for Christmas?ScriptAmy: You know, Christmas is coming. And I havent seen Dad for ageshe always has such great stories to tell.Bill: I know we went t my folks last year, but my Moms b
46、een pretty sick. This might be her last Christmas.Amy: Shes been ill, but dont exaggerate. You just dont like my mother. Thats why you dont want to go to my parentsBill: Shes never liked me. Never thought I was good enough for you.Amy: Well, youre not But seriously, Moms not so sad. Shes just got a
47、thick skin and likes to hide her feelingsBill: I dont think so.Amy: Why not have our both families here for Christmas?Bill: That would make twenty-two of us if we invited everybody.Amy: Why not just have our parents here for Christmas?Bill: Good idea. Just dont sit me next to your mother.Unit5 MODEL 1 Eat, drink and be merry on Christmas.Nora: My mother bought an enormous twenty-five pound turkey for Christmas dinner. Im so excited!Susan: We have geese and ham for Christmas dinner on both Christmas Eve and Christmas night.Nora: Our traditional Chris