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1、,Pure Brightness,Outline -概要,brief introduction-简介 Origin-起源 activities -活动方式,Qingming Festival, also known as Pure Brightness Festival ， is a traditional chinese festival ， is one of the 24 segments of the Chinese calendar. 清明节，又称为清明节，是中国的传统节日，是农历的节气之一。,The Qingming (Pure Brightness) Festival is on
2、e of the 24 seasonal division points in China, falling on April 4-6 each year. After the festival, the temperature will rise up and rainfall increases. It is the high time for spring plowing and sowing. But the Qingming Festival is not only a seasonal point to guide farm work, it is more a festival
3、of commemoration. The Qingming Festival sees a combination of sadness and happiness. 清明是我国的二十四节气之一。由于二十四节气比较客观地反映了一年四季气温、降雨、物候等方面的变化，所以古代劳动人民用它安排农事活动。但是，清明作为节日，与纯粹的节气又有所不同。节气是我国物候变化、时令顺序的标志，而节日则包含着一定的风俗活动和某种纪念意义。因此，这个节日中既有祭扫新坟生别死离的悲酸泪，又有踏青游玩的欢笑声，是一个富有特色的节日。,It normally falls on the 4th or 5th of Apr
4、il, between spring plowing and summer weeding, and is a time to pay respects to ones ancestors and to tidy their gravesite. 它通常会落在四月的第四或第五，在春耕夏耘，和是一个时间拜祭祖先和整理他们的墓地,Qing Ming is popularly associated with Jie Zi Zhui, who lived in Shanxi province in 600 B.C. Legend has it that Jie saved his starving l
5、ords life by serving a piece of his own leg. When the lord succeeded in becoming the ruler of a small principality, he invited his faithful follower to join him. However, Jie declined his invitation, preferring to lead a hermits life with his mother in the mountains. 谈到清明节，有点历史知识的人，都会联想到历史人物介子椎。据历史记
6、载，在两千多年以前的春秋时代，晋国公子重耳逃亡在外，生活艰苦，跟随他的介子椎不惜从自己的腿上割下一块肉让他充饥。后来，重耳回到晋国，作了国君（即晋文公，春秋五霸之一），大事封赏所有跟随他流亡在外的随从，惟独介子椎拒绝接受封赏，他带了母亲隐居绵山。,起源,Believing that he could force Jie out by burning the mountain, the lord ordered his men to set the forest on fire. To his consternation, Jie chose to remain where he was and
7、 was burnt to death. To commemorate Jie, the lord ordered all fires in every home to be put out on the anniversary of Jies death. Thus began the “cold food feast”, a day when no food could be cooked since no fire could be lit. 晋文公无计可施，只好放火烧山，他想，介子椎孝顺母亲，一定会带着老母出来。谁知这场大火却把介子椎母子烧死了。为了纪念介子椎，晋文公下令每年的这一天，
8、禁止生火，家家户户只能吃生冷的食物，这就是寒食节的来源,起源,The cold food festival occurs on the eve of Qing Ming and is often considered as part of the Qing Ming festival. As time passes, the Qing Ming festival replaced the cold food festival. Whatever practice is observed，the basic observation of Qing Ming is to remember ones
9、 elders by making a special effort to visit their graves, ashes or ancestral tablets. To make the visit even more meaningful, some time should be spent to remind the younger members of the family of the lives and contributions of their ancestors, and the story of Jie Zi Zhui who choose death over ca
10、pitulation. 寒食节是在清明节的前一天，古人常把寒食节的活动延续到清明，久而久之，清明取代了寒食节。拜介子椎的习俗也变成了清明扫墓的习俗了。无论以何种形式纪念，为了使纪念祖先的仪式更有意义，我们应该让年轻一代的家庭成员了解先人过去的奋斗历史，当然，还要学习介子椎宁死不屈的气节,起源,The custom,Itis a time to pay respects to ones ancestors and to tidy their gravesite. Qingming Festival is a time of many different activities 这是一个时间拜祭祖先
11、和整理他们的墓地。 清明节是一个许多不同活动的时间,Activities,The major custom in Qingming Festival is tomb sweeping. People will set out offerings of food and paper money to their ancestors. 在清明节的主要习俗清明。人们将食物的供养和纸币的祖先,Today, the custom has changed in cities. Flowers are the best gifts to the dead.,网上祭奠 低碳环保,Tomb-sweeping d
12、ay custom,A Time to Taste Tea 品茶,Qingming Festival is also a time to enjoy a cup of tea, because the tea produced around Qingming Festival is said to be with high-quality. 清明节也是一个时间享受一杯茶，因为在清明节茶被认为是高品质。,14,special food,清明粑，是西南地区主要是贵州在清明节所实用的传统小吃。皮为糯面加上一种叫清明菜的野菜，馅是由野葱、榨菜和腊肉丁等混在一起炒熟而成，上笼屉蒸熟以后即可食用。,清明果
13、,清明粑,Because Jie Zitui died embracing a willow tree, the willow is believed to have powers against evil. 因为介子推死抱着一棵柳树，柳树被认为有能力对抗邪恶。,Planting Willow Trees 插柳,Because Jie Zitui died embracing a willow tree, the willow is believed to have miraculous powers against evil. During the Qingming Festival, wi
14、llow branches are hung on door fronts and used to sweep the tombs. 因为介子推死抱着一棵柳树，柳树被认为具有神奇的力量与邪恶。清明节期间，柳树的枝条挂在门前，用于扫墓。,17,The customs of the Qingming Festival,蹴 鞠,cu ju,（Chinese soccer）,18,The customs of the Qingming Festival,蹴 鞠,cu ju,（Chinese soccer）,Have an outing in spring,Spring Outing 春游、踏青,It
15、is a fine time to go out and to appreciate the beautiful scenes of nature during the festival. This custom can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty and followed by each dynasty later till today. 这是一个去欣赏大自然的美景节日期间的好时机。这种风俗可以追溯到唐朝，紧随其后的是每个王朝以后直到今天。,So visitors can be seen everywhere during the month of
16、the festival. 游客可以在一个月的节日随处可见。,During March, everything in nature takes on a new look, as trees turn green, flowers blossom, and the sun shines brightly. 在3月，自然界的一切都呈现出新的面貌，树木变绿，花儿绽放，和灿烂的阳光,During March, everything in nature takes on a new look, as trees turn green, flowers blossom, and the sun shin
17、es brightly.,spring outing(踏青),Tug-of-war (拔河),play on a swing (荡秋千),Flying kites (放风筝),activitites,Flying Kites 放风筝,What makes flying kites during this festival special is that people cut the string while the kite is in the sky to let it fly free. It is said this brings good luck and that diseases can be eliminated by doing this.,在清明节放风筝是很特别的，风筝在空中时人们剪断绳子让它自由的翱翔。据说这样能带来好运并避免疾病。 。,斗鸡 cockfight,