跨文化交际与翻译真题·.doc

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1、 跨文化交际与翻译真题 2015.6.5临床专业一、案例分析 (答题说明： 每题10分，合计10.0分。) 1. Situation: Two Americans, Bill and Tony, are talking about Tonys unhappy experience with his Chinese college. Bill: Hi, Tony. Howre you doing? Tony: Fine. Just got back from visiting the home of one of my Chinese colleagues. Bill: Oh, have a g

2、ood time? Tony: Oh yes, very good. Mind you, I was bit hurt about the way they treated my present. You see, I know they like western music so I brought them back some of the latest tapes from the UK. Had them all wrapped up beautifully and gave them to them as soon as I got inside the door and what

3、do you think happened? Bill: What? Tony: Nothing. Well, more or less, they said thank you but then just put them away in a corner. Didnt even bother to unwrap them. I must say I felt a bit miffed after all the trouble Id taken. 参考答案：答题点：Gift giving in the West三、跨文化单选 (答题说明： 每题1分，合计15.0分。) C22. Cathy

4、 is talking to her friends Bill and Tod outside the cinema. Cathy: Well, what did you think of the film, then? Bill: Oh, I thought it was great. Didnt you think so? Tod: A) Well, maybe. B) No, I dont like it. C) Yes, in a way. But Ive seen better. D) Yes. I dare say youre right. But Ive seen better.

5、 D23. At Samanthas flat, Ruth has just told Sandy that she is really fed up with her present job. Sandy: Well, Ruth, maybe you ought to try and get another one. It shouldnt be too hard for someone like you. Ruth:Yes, I could do that, I suppose. Well, I can think about it anyway. Sandy: A) Yes, you d

6、o that. B) Thats the spirit. C) Thats your way out. D) Good. D24. Beth is talking to her friend, Brenda. Beth: I wonder if youd mind posting this letter for me on your way home, Brenda? Brenda: A) Youre welcome. B) I dont care. C) I dont mind. D) Sure. A25. Situation: Xiao Ma is an interpreter. One

7、day a foreign visitor, Mr Yoder, talks to him. Yoder: Your English is quite fluent. Ma: A) Thank you. Its kind of you to say so. B) No, no, my English is poor. C) No, not at all. D) Oh, no. Far from that, I still have a long way to go. B26. Betty is a foreign student in China. She has met Zheng Yu.

8、Betty: I was told that you won the 100-meter race in the all city track meet this morning. Congratulations! Zheng Yu: A) Just lucky. B) Thank you. C) I cant say I did well this morning. D) I could have done better if it hadnt been so cold. B27. Your friends mother, Mrs Yoder, asked if you would like

9、 something to eat. What would you say to refuse politely? A) Not for the moment, thank you, Mrs Yoder. Im full. B) No, thanks, Ive just had lunch. C) Oh, no, Mrs Yoder. I havent long had lunch. D) Im full and have no room for any more. A28. Mr Timms has arrived for a meeting which, unfortunately, ha

10、s been cancelled. Mrs Banks: Im terribly sorry about not letting you know sooner, Mr Timmes, but unfortunately it was cancelled at the last minute and there simply wasnt enough time to inform everyone. Mr Timms: A) Oh, dont let it worry you, Mrs Banks. I quite understand. B) Oh, thats OK, Mrs Banks.

11、 I understand. C) Oh, it doesnt matter, Mrs Banks. D) Oh, dont worry about it, Mrs Banks. B29. If you are attending a family gathering and would like to know what the familial relationship is between one member and another, you may ask: A) Is he your? B) How are you related? C) Whos that woman? D) W

12、hats the relationship between you and that woman? A30. On the way to the school cinema, Li saw Professor Blake walking to the cinema, too. Li: A) Good afternoon, Professor Blake. B) Are you going to the film? C) Where are you going? D) Youre going to the film, arent you? A31. When introducing yourse

13、lf to someone you dont know at a party, what would you say? A) Hi, Im B) May I introduce myself to you and at the same time I make your acquaintance7 C) Hi, Id like to meet you. D) Hi, Im Do you know many people here? B32. Jack phones Xiao Songs office. Jack: Hello, Id like to speak to Song Hua, ple

14、ase. Song: A) Im Song Hua. B) This is Song Hua speaking. C) This is me. D) Its me here. D33. Youve just been asked out to dinner but you dont want to go with the person who invited you. You might say: A) I dont think so. I already have plans. B) No, I really dont enjoy being with you. C) Im dieting

15、so I mustnt go out to eat. D) Thanks a lot but Im busy tonight. B34. Lucy met his teacher, Mrs South, outside the library. Lucy: Good morning, Lucy. How are you? Mrs South: Very well, thank you, Lucy, and how are you? Lucy: A) Oh, cant complain. B) Im very well, too, thank you. C) Same old thing. D)

16、 OK. B35. Mr Greens secretary, Pat Kent, went to the airport to meet Mr Barnes for her boss. What would Miss Kent say when she meet Mr Barnes? A) Excuse me, would you be Mr Barnes? B) Are you Mr Barnes? C) Excuse me, would you please tell me if you are Mr Barnes? D) You are Mr Barnes, arent you? A36

17、. Patrick is sitting in a car with some friends. He has just asked if anyone minds him smoking. One of the friends in the car, Gillian, is allergic to smoke. What would she say? A) Would you mind if I said no, Patrick? B) Cant you stay without smoking? C) Its not OK. D) No, of course not. 43-47 题共用题

18、干： Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned. But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism. This refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet. It has long been known that a taxi firm

19、 called AAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zoe Zysman. English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a large number of top people have

20、surnames beginning with letters between A and K. Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bushs predecessors had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, six of the seve

21、n heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged. The worlds three top central bankers are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters, as are the worlds five richest men （Gates, Buffett, Allen, Ellison and Albrecht）. Can this

22、 merely be coincidence？One theory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets in early. At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names. So shortsight

23、ed Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row, and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less individual attention, a

24、s well as less confidence in speaking publicly. The humiliation continues. At university graduation ceremonies, the ABCs proudly get their awards first; by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are literally having a ZZZ. Shortlists for job interviews, election ballot papers, and lists of conf

25、erence speakers: all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them. A43. What does the author intend to illustrate with AAA cars and Zodiac ears? A） A kind of overlooked inequality. B） A type of conspicuous bias. C） A type of personal prejudice. D

26、） A kind of brand discrimination. D44. What can we infer from the first three paragraphs? A） In both East and West, names are essential to success. B） The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zoe Zysman. C） Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies names. D） Some form of discrimination

27、is too subtle to recognize. C45. The 4th paragraph suggests that _. A） questions are often put to the more intelligent students B） alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from class C） teachers should pay attention to all of their students D） students should be seated according to their e

28、yesight B46. What does the author mean by “most people are literally having a ZZZ” in Paragraph 5? A） They are getting impatient. B） They are noisily dozing off. C） They are feeling humiliated. D） They are busy with word puzzles. D47. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text？ A） People w

29、ith surnames beginning with N to Z are often ill-treated. B） VIPs in the Western world gain a great deal from alphabetism. C） The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way to go. D） Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias. 48-52 题共用题干： What the dream-phantasy does w

30、ith the physical stimuli cannot be regarded as purposeful. The phantasy plays a tantalizing game with them, and represents the organic source of the stimuli of the dream in question by any sort of plastic symbolism. Indeed, Scherner holds that the dream-phantasy has a certain favorite symbol for the

31、 organism as a whole: namely, the house. Fortunately, however, for its representations, it does not seem to limit itself to this material; it may also employ a whole series of houses to designate a single organ; for example, very long streets of houses for the intestinal stimulus. In other dreams pa

32、rticular parts of the house may actually represent particular regions of the body, as in the headache-dream, when the ceiling of the room （which the dream sees covered with disgusting toad-like spiders） represents the head. Quite apart from the symbol of the house, any other suitable object may be e

33、mployed to represent those parts of the body which excite the dream. Thus the breathing lungs find their symbol in the flaming stove with its windy roaring, the heart in hollow chests and baskets, the bladder in round, ball-shaped, or simply hollow objects. It is particularly noteworthy that at the

34、end of such a physically stimulated dream the phantasy, as it were, unmasks itself by representing the exciting organ or its function unconcealed. Thus the “tooth-excited dream” usually ends with the dreamer taking a tooth out of his mouth. The dream-phantasy may, however, direct its attention not m

35、erely to the form of the exciting organ, but may even make the substance contained therein the object of symbolization. Thus, for example, the dream excited by the intestinal stimuli may lead us through muddy streets, the dream due to stimuli from the bladder to foaming water. Or the stimulus as suc

36、h, the nature of its excitation, and the object which it covets, are represented symbolically. Or, again, the dream-ego enters into a concrete association with the symbolization of its own state; as, for example, when in the case of painful stimuli we struggle desperately with vicious dogs or raging

37、 bulls. Disregarding all the possible lengthiness of elaboration, a phantastic symbolizing activity remains as the central force of every dream. B48. The dream-phantasy tends to represent the organism as a whole by _. A） a symbol B） a house C） a street D） a symbol A49. According to the passage, whic

38、h symbolization is probable in a dream? A） a ceiling covered with spiders represents a head. B） spiders represent a room. C） roaring wind represents a breathing lung. D） a ball represents a heart in chest. C50. According to the passage, at the end of a physically stimulated dream, _. A） the dreamer

39、dreams to take a tooth out of his mouth B） the dreamer dreams to take off his mask C） the phantasy usually reveals which organ excited the dream D） the phantasy becomes very clear and exciting D51. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A） Dreams can be excited by the intestinal stimuli. B） The

40、dream-phantasy may not direct its attention to the exciting organ. C） Vicious dogs or raging bulls are commonly seen in bad dreams. D） When we dream of foaming water, we may be feeling unwell in bladder. A52. What does the passage mainly talk about? A） The dream-phantasy, physical stimuli and symbol

41、ization. B） The dream-phantasy plays an interesting game with physical stimuli. C） Parts of the body excite the dream. D） Phantasy is the central force of dreams. 53-57 题共用题干： In our culture, the sources of what we call a sense of “mastery”feeling important and worth-while, and the sources of what w

42、e call a sense “pleasure”finding life enjoyable are not always identical. Women often are told “You cant have it all.” Sometimes what the speaker really is saying is: “You chose a career, so you cant expect to have closer relationships or a happy family life.” or “You have a wonderful husband and ch

43、ildrenWhats all this about wanting a career?” But women need to understand and develop both aspects of well-being, if they are to feel good about themselves. Our study shows that, for women, well-being has two dimensions. One is mastery, which includes self-esteem, a sense of control over your life,

44、 and low levels of anxiety and depression. Mastery is closely related to the “doing” side of life, to work and activity. Pleasure is the other dimensions, and it is composed of happiness, satisfaction and optimism. It is tied more closely to the “feeling” side of life. The two are independent of eac

45、h other. A woman could be high in mastery and low in pleasure, and vice versa. For example, a woman who has a good job, but whose mother has just died, might be feeling very good about herself and in control of her work life, but the pleasure side could be damaged for a time. The concepts of mastery

46、 and pleasure can help us identify the sources of well-being for women, and remedy past mistakes. In the past, women were encouraged to look only at the feeling side of life as the source of all well-being. But we know that both mastery and pleasure are critical. And mastery seems to be achieved lar

47、gely through work. In our study, all the groups of employed women rated significantly higher in mastery than did women who were not employed. A womans well-being is enhanced when she takes on multiple roles. At least by middle adulthood, the women who were involved in a combination of rolesmarriages

48、, motherhood, and employment were the highest in well-being, despite warnings about stress and strain. D53. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that _. A） for women, a sense of “mastery” is more important than a sense of “pleasure” B） for women, a sense of “pleasure” is more important than a sense of “mastery” C） women cant have a sense of “mastery” and a sense of “pleasure” at the