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1、英语国家社会与文化（下）练习（只需做I、II题。答案一律写在作业纸上，在本试卷上做答无效）I. Choose the correct answer to each of the questions and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET. (50 points)1. Which of the following was NOT one of the three forces that led to the modern development of Europe?A. The growth of
2、capitalism. B. The Renaissance. C. The Religious Reformation. D. The spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church.2. The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except .A. George Washington B. Thomas JeffersonC. William Penn D. Benjamin Franklin3. Which of the following sta
3、tes refused to participate in the Constitutional Convention?A. Virginia. B. Rhode Island. C. New York D. Maryland4. The New Deal was started by.A. Franklin Roosevelt B. J. F. Kennedy C. George Washington D. Thomas Jefferson5. Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws, and
4、levy federal taxes?A. The executive. B. The legislative. C. The judicial. D. The president.6. Which of the following is considered an American masterpiece?A. The Last of the Mohicans B. The Legend of Sleepy HollowC. The Masque of the Red Death D. Moby Dick7. In the United States school systems, whic
5、h of the following divisions is true?A. Elementary school, grammar school.B. Elementary school, junior high school.C. Elementary school, secondary school.D. Junior high school, senior high school.8. In addition to such tactics as sit-ins, American young students also added to educate people about th
6、e war in Vietnam.A. teach-ins B. rock n roll music C. class boycott D. “march against fear”9. The one group within the counter culture best known for their pursuit of happiness as their only goal in life was called . A. the “Hippies” B. the “Beat Generation” C. the “Lost Generation” D. the “Me Gener
7、ation”10. In the 1960s, feminism was reborn. Many women were dissatisfied with their lives, and in 1963, with the publication of by , they found a voice.A. The Feminine Mystique, Betty Friedan B. Profiles in Courage, John F. KennedyC. The Other America, Michael Harrington D. Catcher in the Rye, J. D
8、. Salinger11. _ was NOT written by Earnest Hemingway.A. The Old Man and the Sea B. The Sun Also RisesC. A Farewell to Arms D. The Sound and the Fury12. The community college is a kind of_ college popular in_ to satisfy the needs of both the individual and the society.A.five-year, U.K. B. four-year,
9、U.K. C. three-year, U.S. D. two-year, U.S.13. Which of the following is Nathaniel Hawthornes most noteworthy novel in the world?A. Gone with the Wind. B. For Whom the Bell Tolls. C. American Tragedy. D. The Scarlet Letter14. _ is the largest city and the chief port of the United States.A. Washington
10、 D.C. B. Los Angeles C. San Francisco D. New York City15. _ enjoys the worst social and economic conditions.A. Blacks B. Hispanics C. Indians D. Asian Americans16. Washington D.C. is named after _.A. the U.S. President George Washington B. Christopher ColumbusC. both George Washington and Christophe
11、r Columbus D. none of them17. American and British English are two _ of the English language.A. varieties B. elements C. parts D. form18. The first American president to be elected from the Republican Party was _.A. Thomas Jefferson B. James Monroe C. James Madison D. Abraham Lincoln19. The national
12、 flag of the United States is known as_.A. the Star-Spangled Banner B. Uncle Sam C. Hot Dog D. Union Jack20. The number of the Representatives from each American state depends on the _.A. contribution a state has made to the nation B. populationC. size D. none of the above21. The term “Father of Wat
13、ers” is used to refer to _.A the Amazon River B the Mississippi River C the Nile River D the Hudson River22. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. The Northern states have outlawed slavery by 1830. B. Slavery was finally abolished in the South in 1865. C. The Northern states did not have
14、 racial discrimination. D. Segregation laws continued to be enforced in Southern states until the 1950s. . 23. _ had the title the Wizard of Menlo Park. A. Thomas Edison B. John Stevens C. Charlie Chaplin D. Robert Fulton 24. Which of the following American values did NOT come from Puritanism? A. Se
15、paration of state and church B. respect of education C. intolerant moralism D. a sense of mission 25. The American system of mass production was first used in _. A. car industry B. textile industry C. firearms industry D. agriculture 26. Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the three bas
16、ic religious beliefs? A. Protestant. B. Catholic. C. Islamic. D. Judaism. 27. Mark Twains works are characterized by the following except A. sense of humor B. egoism C. jokes D. tall tales. 28. In January 1965, President Johnson declared _, opening to everyone the opportunity to live in decency and
17、dignity. A. war against Vietnam B. war against poverty C. war against Japan D. crime as the number one enemy29. Which of the following does NOT belong to the white-collar crime? A. bribery B. tax evasion C. false advertising D. robbery 30. The U.S. was rated No. 1 in terms of production capacity in
18、the world in _. A. 1920 B. 1945 C. 1950 D. 1960 31. The State of California is on _. A. the Atlantic Coast B. the Gulf of Mexico C. the Pacific Coast D. Carribean Sea 32. The main mountain range in the west of US stretching from the Canadian border to New Mexico is _.A. the Appalachian Mountains B.
19、the Rocky Mountains C. the Green Mountains D. the Blue Ridge Mountains 33. The following writers represent new American voices except _. A. Toni Morrison B. Alice Walker C. T. S. Eliot D. Maxine Long Kingston 34. Of the five Great Lakes, Lake is wholly within the United States.A. Superior B. Michiga
20、n C. Huron D. Ontario35. _ is not included in the group of naturalists A. Jack London B. Sherwood Anderson C. Theodore Dreiser D. Stephen Crane 36. Which one of the following four authors is not a Nobel Prize winner? A. Eugene ONeil B. F. Scott Fitzgerald C. William Faulkner D. Earnest Hemingway 37.
21、 Both public and private universities depend on the following sources of income except _. A. student tuition B. government funding C. endowments D. investment 38. The reason why many young people were involved in the social movements of the 1960s was that _. A. they resented traditional white male v
22、alues in U.S. society B. they thought they knew better than their teachers. C. they viewed the adult world with grave doubt D. they love America so much 39. _ was mainly interested in writing about Americans living in Europe.A. William D. HowellsB. Henry JamesC. Mark TwainD. Stephen Crane40. Which o
23、f the following used human beings as guinea pigs to test drugs including LSD? A. The FBI. B. Congress. C. Richard Nixon. D. The CIA. II. There are altogether 15 blanks in the following sentences. Fill in the blanks and write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (50 points)1. The first permanent British
24、settlement in North America was established in todays in 1607.2. _ officially proclaimed the birth of a new American nation.3. The Constitutional Convention was held in the year of. 4. The bestknown stock exchange in the US is .5. Richard Nixon was forced to resign from presidency in the year of _ f
25、or his involvement in the _.6. Columbus discovered the New World in the year of .7. The US system of government is based on the principle of _ of powers.8. The first Catholic president of the U.S. was _.9. John Steinbecks The Grapes of Wrath was a portrait of a poor family during the period of the _
26、. The central symbol of Canadian Literature is the idea of _.10. The highest guardian of the US Constitution and other federal laws is the _, which has the exclusive power of _.11. Canada first became a political entity in the year of _ and began to assume its present shape in _.12. WASP stands for_
27、.13. The _ provinces are Canadas breadbasket; the Atlantic Provinces are also known as the _.14. Canadas political system is influenced by two countries: _ and the _. 15. Canada is a confederation made up of _ provinces and _ territories now.16. New Zealand has a single-chamber Parliament, and this
28、house is called the_. 17. The capital of Canada is _, and _ is the capital of New Zealand. A New Zealander is also called the _ in colloquial English.18. The Canadian parliament consists of _ and _.19. The US is usually compared to a “m_” or a “s_”, while Canada is usually described as a “m_” charac
29、terized by mul_.20. The First Canadians or aboriginal peoples of Canada include the First Nations, the _ and the _.21. The city of _ is home to the largest Chinese community in North America, and _ ranks second. 22. Of all the American cities, “Big Apple” refers to _, and _ is known as “Motor City”.
30、23. Of the fifty American states, the smallest state in area is _, while the larges is _. The largest state on the mainland is _. 24. The foreign policy of the Clinton Administration is engagement and _. 25. The key of the Truman Doctrine is c_; that of the Bush Doctrine is p_.26. _ is also known as
31、 “the worlds largest farm,” which comprises the North Island and South Island. 27. Canada plays an active role in international organizations like the UN, the Commonwealth, and La _. 28. _ is a mainly French-speaking province in Canada.29. The worlds largest Polynesian city is _.30. English and _ ar
32、e the official languages of New Zealand, the first country to give women the right to _.31. The largest school in New Zealand is the _ School, while the _ is its biggest education provider.32. Canada has two official languages: _ and _. 33. _ and _ are the industrial heartland of Canada, and _ is Ca
33、nadas largest city.34. The city where the Declaration of Independence was signed is _.35. There are two major political parties in the U. S. , they are _ and _.36. Americas most famous scenic wonder is the _, carved away by the Colorado River.37. The _ , dubbed with the name of “the River of Grass,”
34、 is a subtropical wetlands.38. Niagara Falls is located in the state of _.39. Telegraph code is invented by Samuel F. B. _; telegraph is invented by Alexander _.40. It was in _, that a new combination of folk music, work chants, spiritual, marches, European classical music blended together in the fo
35、rm known as _.III. Definitions （常见名词解释）1. The Lost Generation2. White-collar crimes3. The Cold War4. America as a melting pot5. America as a mosaic or a salad bowl6. The civil rights movement7. Counterculture 8. Puritanism9. The Declaration of Independence 10. The US Constitution 11. The Bill of Rights 12. WASP culture 13. Transcendentalists 14. The naturalists 15. The Beat Generation 16. The youth movement 17. Richard Nixon 18. The strategy of preemption19. Engagement and expansion 20. The Canadian Mosaic