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1、精品自学考试资料推荐全国 2018 年 10 月高等教育自学考试现代语言学试题课程代码： 00830 . Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completesthe statement and put the letter A, B, C, or D in the brackets.(2%10=20%)1Vibration of the vocal cords results in a quality of speech s
2、ounds called voicing, which is a feature of（）A all consonantsB vowels onlyC all consonants and some vowelsD all vowels and some consonants2The negative prefix “ in-” in English, when added to the adjective“ possible”, is actually pronounced/im/,and spelt asThis is the result of the _rule at work. （）
3、A deletionB assimilationC phoneticD sequential3 The word “ ecology ” is-morphemeatwocluster that contains_. （）A two rootsB a root and a suffixC a root and a free morphemeD a prefix and a root4When we move the adverbial phrase“ every day” in the sentence“ Every day, we study English” towe are now _ t
4、he phrase to the right. （）A rewritingB preposingC postposingD maintaining5 Antonyms are divided into several kinds .Which of the following is NOT a kind of antonyms?（）A complementaryB relationalC superordinateD gradable6 In terms of predication analysis , the utterance“ Is it going to snow this afte
5、rnoon?（”） is a_A one-place predicationB two-place predicationC three-place predicationD no-place predication7 In Old English, word order was freer because the case endings were rich. So in Old English, word orders included SVO,VSO, SOV and OSV. However, Modern English has a much weaker case system,
6、so its sentences have to follow a basicword order of_.（）A SOVB SVOC VSOD OSV1精品自学考试资料推荐8 Black English is a kind of _dialect.（）A regionalB standardC ethnicD situational9The critical period for language acquisition refers to the short period of _years old in onewhich the human brain is most ready to
7、acquire a particular language.（）A 1-2B 2-12C 1-12D 13-1810 In a sense, humans can be said to be biologically programmed to acquire at least one language. What is meant by this_view of language acquisition is that humans are equipped with the neural prerequisites for languageand language use.（）A beha
8、vioristB nativistC mentalistD empiricist . Directions: Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first letter of which is alreadygiven as a clue. Note that you are to fill in ONE word only, and you are not allowed to change the letter given.(1% 10=10%)11.A scientific s
9、tudy of language is based on the s_ investigation of language data.12.The limited range of sounds which are meaningful in human linguistic communication and are of interest to linguistic studies are called the p_ medium of language.13.phrase structure rules can generate an infinite number of sentenc
10、es with infinite length, due to their r_properties.14.A f_ clause is a clause that takes a subject and a main verb, and at the same time stands structurallyalone.15.In terms of truth condition, if X is true, Y is false, and if X is false, Y is true. The relationship between X and Y is i_16.In Austin
11、searly speech act theory, c_ were statements that either state or describe, and were thusverifiable.17.In the historical development of language, sound change is inevitable, such as sound loss, sound a_ andsound movement.18.Slang is often perceived as a low or vulgar form of language and is deemed t
12、o be undesirable in f_styles of language.19.D_listeningtests involvesimultaneouslypresenting, through earphones, two differentauditorysignals, one to the right ear and the other to the left ear.2精品自学考试资料推荐20.At childrenlanguages development, one-word utterances can be used to express a concept or pr
13、edication similar to asentence in adult speech. For example, a c hild might use the word“ dada ” to mean“ Dada, come here” ,“ Give me more candy” . Those utterances can also be hcalledsentences. .Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for f
14、alse in thebracket in front of each statement. If you think a statement is false, you must explain why you think so and givethe correct version.(2%10=20%)21.()Language can be studied both synchronically anddiachronically. The two approaches are equally favored bymodern linguists.22. ()Stress is a su
15、prasegmental feature that is exclusively used with words, not with sentences.23. ()A compound can be written as one word with or without a hyphen between its components, or as two separatewords. It is simply a matter of convention.24. ()Major lexical categories are closed categories because the numb
16、er of lexical items in these categories is fixed andno new members are allowed for.25. ()The important criteria to distinguish polysemy from homonymy are the etymology of the words in question andthe closeness of the relationship between the meanings in question.26. ()The significance of Grice Coope
17、ratives Principlelies in that it explains how it is possible for the speaker toconvey more than is literally said.27. ()The invention of steam-powered boats gave the verbsail an opportunity to extend its meaning to boats withoutsails. This example indicates that the meaning or semantic representatio
18、n of words may become broader.28. ()An official language is in fact a national language.29. ()Generally speaking, left-handed people have their language centers in the left hemisphere of the brain.30. ()A child born to a Chinese or English speaking family takes about the same number of years to acqu
19、ire their nativetongue, regardless of their general intelligence.Directions: Explain the following terms, using one or two examples for illustration.(3% 10=30%)31.phonemic contrast32.free morphemes33.hierarchical structure34.co-hyponyms35.utterance meaning36.perlocutionary act37.internal borrowing38
20、.subvocal speech39.contrastive analysis3精品自学考试资料推荐40.caretaker speech .Answer the following questions.(10%2=20%)41.Discuss any FOUR of the features of human language that distinguish it from animal communication system.42.What is bilingualism? What is a bilingual community? What does it mean that most bilingual communities have one thing in common?4