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1、.C6052 材料表示举例关系的：例子：工作需要穿制服的好处1）To beginwith, thereare certainspecialoccupationswhere people must wear uniforms.For instance,thepolice are always required to dress themselves in uniforms as a form of identity and authority.2）It is often mandatory for workers in the public servicesectorto wearthe sam
2、eclothes,especiallytakenursesforexample,nurses whose white garmentsgivethemanimageofcleanlinessandprofessionalism.3）Anothergoodcasein pointis factoryemployeeswhoworkonassemblylines-theiruniforms,sometimesincludinga helmetandotherprotectivepieces, are designed for safety reasons.1) 表示递进关系的：例子：1) The
3、museum conserve many kinds of rare cultural relics.Furthermore, they provide a perfect place for historiansto conduct research.2) One of the main reasons why immigrants should acceptthe new cultureis that this is the quickestand easiestway for themto settledownin a foreigncountry.Forinstance,looking
4、for accommodationmightbe a verycomplicatedmatterif theyarenotfamiliarwithlocallifestyles.Moreover,thosewhohaveno ideaof thecorporatecultureof the new countrywouldencounterenormous difficulties in finding a decent job.2) 表示因果关系的：例子：1）： The ecological problems are being aggravated;therefore, it is imp
5、erative（势在必行，必要的）that.we take measures to combat the pollution of the environment.2）： People pay attention to media constantly.As aresult , sports professionals in my country have become stars and celebrities.3) 表示转折关系的：But = however = while = whereas例子 ：1) Many ads and commercials do give important
6、 information about products, but / however, some of them are merely misleading and cheating.2) Some people think that studying in a college or university is the best way for students to prepare fortheir future career. While / whereas others believe that they should leave school as soon as possible t
7、o develop their career through work experience.复合句：定语从句，状语从句，名词性从句1 定语从句：.1）Those people who are against mandatory retirement have the following reasons.2）We should take pride in our cultural legacywhich ishanded down from our ancestors.3）As is known to all,the restriction on private cars is atwo-ed
8、ged sword.4）The reason why many governments ban human cloning is that it is morally wrong.5）This is the reason why many people are strongly against the ban on pets in big cities.2 状语从句：包括原因状语从句，目的状语从句，条件状语从句，让步状语从句原因状语从句：概述： 常用 because ， since ， for ， as 等来引导原因状语从句，但是四个词在使用上又略有区别。Because:语气最强，所引出的原因
9、往往似乎听话人所不知道的或者最感兴趣的。.例子： I was absent from school because I caught a coldyesterday.Since:表示人们已经知道的事实，是不需要强调的原因，所以被翻译成“既然”，通常放在句首。例子： Since we donthave class tomorrow, why not goout for a picnic?Since you are an English major, I guess you can help me with this sentence.As ： 和 since用法差不多，所引出的理由在说话人看来已
10、经很明显，或者已经为听话人所熟悉而不需要用because来强调。例子： As Sunday is a national holiday, all government offices will be closed.For:表示推测的理由，是对前面主句的内容加以解释或者说明。例子： It rained last night , for the ground is wet thismorning.由介词短语引导的原因状语从句Because of / due to / owing to +名词 / 词组例子： We had an accident because he was careless.用介
11、词短语来引导：We had an accidentbecause ofhis carelessness.We had an accidentdue tohis carelessness.Owing tohis carelessness we had an accident.注意： owing to常用于句首， due to一般不这么用。目的状语从句：概述： 表示目的，常用的引导词有so that , in order that等。一般位于主句之后，引导的句子中可以用may/can/ might/ could等情态动词。如果要强调目的状语从句，可以将so that / in order that
12、引导的从句置于句首。例子： I turned off the TV in order that my roommate could study in peace and quiet .In order thatmy roommatecouldstudy in peaceand quiet ., I turned off the TV.(此句强调目的状语从句 )条件状语从句：概述： 常用 if , unless来引导， if 表示“如果”，unless 表示“如果不，除非”。还可以用as long as / solong as /provided等来引导 ,表示“只要”例子： if winter
13、 comes, can spring be far behind?冬天来了，春天还会远吗？Inside the book you will find a series of successfulskills and suggestions for improving your English,but these will be uselessunlessyou carry them out.So long asyou work hard enough , an iron rod canbe groundinto a needle.只要功夫深，铁棒磨成针。A man is not old as
14、long as he is seeking something. A man is not old until regrets take the place of dreams.Knowledge helps you to reach the destination provided you know what the destination is.让步状语从句：概述：常用 ”though / although / even though / even if来引导，主句不能用but 或者可以用in spite of /despite介词来引导，需要注意的是，介词后跟的必须是短语 ，而不是句子。
15、例子： Althoughhe tired hard, he failed.尽管他尽力了，他还是失败了。Even thoughI didn tknow anybody at the party, Ihad a good time.Thoughhe was inexperienced, he did a good job.= In spite of his inexperience,he did a good job.= Despite his inexperience,he did a good job.3 名词性从句：包括主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句，同位语从句主语从句：即从句在主句中当主语.
16、常见句型：It is + 过去分词 + that从句1）It is reported / believed / generally thought that .2）It should be noted that3）It has been found that4）It must be pointed out that例子： It is reported thatit will rain tomorrow.It is + 形容词 +that从句It is true / possible / necessary / clear / likely that .例子： It is true thatEn
17、glish is becoming an internationallanguage.It is + 名词短语 +that从句It is a pity / a fact / no wonder / an honor / a shame / common knowledge that .例子： It is commonknowledgethatthe whale is not afish.It is a shamethat you did not pass the exam.表语从句：即从句在主句中当表语（句子通常在be 动词的后面）例子：1）My idea is thatthe childsh
18、ouldbe sent to school.（表语从句如果是陈述句，用that 引导，且不能省略）2）My concern iswhetherhe come s or not. （表语从句如果是一般疑问句，用whether来引导，后面加陈述句）3）The point iswhenyouwillbecomerich .(表语从句如果似乎特殊疑问句，用特殊疑问词来引导，后面加陈述句 ).同位语从句：即用一个完整的句子来补充说明名词，一般位于一个名词的后面，结构是：名词+ 连词+ 同位语从句例子：1）The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleas
19、ed everybody.2）He was prepared to prove his theory that two different weights would fall to the ground at the same time.3）The rumor that Tom was a thief turned out to be untrue.宾语从句：略现象描述句中引出现象句的例子例子：1 ）Nobody/ No one could have failed to notice the fact thatkids lack of independence has become a gr
20、ave problem in many families.2 ）On many campuses/ In the contemporary society/ In thepresent-day society/ In recent decades, the shortage of housing is one of the most serious problems with which people are confronted.3）Nowadays/Inthe present-daysociety/In recent decades,it can be noticed that children depend more on their parents than ever before.本次课的作业：1 仿写各种复杂句（各1 句，从原因状语到同位语从句）2 用其他“引出现象句”的句型来仿写上面给你们的3 句话.