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1、Unit 2 Robots Grammar,动词不定式的被动语态,1.一般现在时 2.一般过去时 3.现在进行时 4.过去进行时 5.现在完成时 6.过去完成时 7.一般将来时 8.过去将来时,1. is/am/are done 2. was/were done 3. is/am/are being done 4.was/were being done 5. have/has been done 6. had been done 7. will be done 8. would be done,一、复习各种时态的被动语态,【辨析】观察这两个句子不定式的异同,4)The first book i
2、s said to be published next month. 5) The first book is said to have been published last month.,(not) to be done,(not) to have been done,在谓语动作之后或同时发生,发生在谓语动作之前,三 动词不定式的被动语态在句子中的作用 当动词不定式的逻辑主语是动词不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动形式。与不定式的主动式一样，不定式的被动式可以在句子中充当_、 _、_、_、_、和 _。 判断下列句子中的不定式充当什么成分 It is ridiculous to
3、 be offered sympathy by a robot. He pretended to have been beaten by his step-father. The party is to be held next Saturday evening. The disabled child expected the cinema to be designed by the chief architect. The Brazilian are proud of the Olympic Games to be held in Brazil. He hurried to the book
4、ing office only to be told that all the tickets had been sold out.,主语,宾语,表语,宾补,定语,状语,主语,宾语,表语,宾补,定语,状语,在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。 1. 在there be结构中。 There is a lot of work to do / to be done. (多用主动形式) There is nothing to worry about. 2在“npron + be + adj + to do”结构中。常用的形容词有easy，difficult，hard，impossible，ni
5、ce，pleasant， interesting，important， dangerous等。 He is hard to get along with. This question is easy to answer. 3.在“tooto do; enoughto”结构中。 The problem is too difficult to work out (to be worked out) The house is big enough to live in.,4在“with+n+to do”结构中。 With nothing to do，he lay in bed With so man
6、y exercises to do，I cant go to the cinema 5当不定式的逻辑主语在句中出现时。 I have a letter to type today(I是to type的逻辑主语) Do you have anything to say? (you是to say的逻辑主语) 6当不定式隐含在for sb to do结构中时。 This is the best book to read (=for usyou to read) The important thing to do is to lock the door when we leave the house
7、7一些作表语用的不定式的主动形式。常见的这类动词有let(出租)，rent， hire，blame等。 The house is to let I felt I was to blame.,1. Hearing the good news, he was too excited _ (speak). 2. It happened _ (rain) when I got there. 3. I am terribly sorry _(lose) your key. 4. I am sorry _(say )that he is going from bad to worse. 5. He ask
8、ed _(send) to the place where he was most needed. 6. What he hoped was _(admit) into the university,to speak,to rain,to have lost,to say,to be sent,综合练习：,to be admitted,7. He got to the station only _(find) all the tickets had been sold out. 8. I hurried to the meeting hall, only_ (tell) that the me
9、eting had been put off. 9. He seems _（punish) by his teacher yesterday. 10.Come on! It is an easy sentence _ (translate). 11.When I came in, he pretended _.(read) 12.Mrs Smith warned her daughter _(not drive) after drinking.,to find,to be told,to have been punished,to translate,to be reading,not to
10、drive,二、翻译练习 1.据说这会议已经被取消了 The meeting is said to have been cancelled. 2.这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣。 The student seems to have lost interest in politics. 3.残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑。 The disabled dont like to be laughed at. 4.没有可以可以浪费的时间了。 There is no time to waste/ be wasted 5.能被邀请进这个英语俱乐部，是一大荣幸 It is a great honor to be
11、invited to the English Club.,6.她假装没有听懂我说的话。 She pretended not to understand what I had said. 7.我希望被中山大学录取。 I hope /expect to be admitted into Zhangshan University 8.抱歉，我忘记了你的电话号码了。 I am sorry to have forgotten your telephone number.,语法填空 The China Science and Technology University created the nation
12、s first human-like robot,1 _ is able to walk and talk like a human. This robot 2_(produce) by Chinese scientists. The robot 3 _(equip) with basic language skills, too. It can walk 4_(fast) than human beings. It can take two steps per second instead5_ one step every two seconds. Many technological breakthroughs is expected 6_ (make) during the last few years. Humans working are expected 7 _ (replace) by robots in the future. They can also help the 8 _(able) people to live normal lives.,which,was produced,was equipped,faster,of,to have been made,to be replaced,disabled,