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1、Paradox Hyperbole it had what they called charm. 意即The face was sweet; her charm conquered everybody. 明似贬抑，实则褒扬，不是冲淡她的魅力，而是采用低调渲染强调她的魅力 2)It was no small feat to harness the energies of an entire nation for a united show of hospitality and good will for visitors from around the world. （把整个国家的能量调动起来，
2、对来自世界各地的访问者表现出一致的好客和友好，这不是小事情。） No small实际是表示肯定，说明这可是一件“了不起的大事”。,Understatement 常用的表现方法,2）以反说代替正说,可以减轻说话者的语气和对事物的评价，避免绝对化。 这种方式，常使用no, not, never, none以及否定词缀等否定词或否定表达方法来表述肯定的内容，very good 可以用not bad 来代替，这种表达方式在修辞学中叫做“曲言法”Litotes,Please read P135 and P156 after class to find more examples.,2）以反说代替正说,U
3、nderstatement 常用的表现方法,3）用弦外音委婉表达。,He is something of Hamlet in politics. (政治上他有点像哈姆雷特) 借助something of 显示出讽刺的意味，言外之意是“他优柔寡断、心慈手软，注定要成为哈姆雷特式的悲剧性人物”,A more suitable man for the work could scarcely have been found. Whats the meaning of this sentence? please explain it according to your own opinion.,Plea
4、se read P136 and P137 after class to find more examples,Understatement 常用的表现方法,Advantages of using Understatement,I have asked you to think about the advantage. And if you have paid enough attention, you may have found that I stress some words in green. And thats right the advantage of using understatement.,1.可以通过否定增强语势，加深印象。 2.通过模糊的语义淡化事情严重性。 3.通过谈笑达到幽默的讽刺效果。 4.用弦外音表达无声胜有声的效果。 5. In spoken English we use understatement when we want to be modesty and polite.,Thank You,Please read the text book after class and review paradox, hyperbole & understatement .,