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1、1,Unit 3The Ant and the Grasshopper,2,Before-Reading While-Reading After-Reading,3,Before-Reading,Warm-up Activities Easy Chat Background Information Main Idea of the Text,4,Warm-up Activities,Introduce to the students the fable The Ant and the Grasshopper and invite comments on the ant and grasshop
2、per in the fable. To which party does your sympathy go?,5,In a field one summers day a Grasshopper was hopping about, chirping and singing to its hearts content. An Ant passed by, bearing along with great toil an ear of corn he was taking to the nest. “Why not come and chat with me,” said the Grassh
3、opper, “instead of toiling and moiling in that way?” “I am helping to lay up food for the winter,” said the Ant, “and recommend you to do the same.” “Why bother about winter?” said the Grasshopper, “ we have got plenty of food at present.” But the Ant went on its way and continued its toil. When the
4、 winter came the Grasshopper had no food and found itself dying of hunger, while it saw the ants distributing, every day, corn from the stores they had collected in the summer. Then the Grasshopper knew: It is best to prepare for the days of necessity.,6,You will watch a video clip “How Britney went
5、 bad?”, and answer questions according to the video What kind of person did Britney use to be? 2. How is she nowadays? 3. In your view, what cause her to change so much? 4. Do you really believe “an ill life, an ill end”?,Video clip,Easy Chat,7,Some difficult words related to the video. idol 偶像 star
6、dom明星地位，演员身份 paparazzo专门追逐名人的摄影记者 racy活泼的 cement结合，巩固 seductively 诱惑的python巨蟒 whim 心血来潮deadbeat游手好闲者 bulls eye靶心dangle摇摆 erratic古怪的tattoo刺花样，纹身,8,9,British novelist, playwright, short-story writer, highest paid author in the world in the 1930s. Despite his popularity, Maugham did not gain serious re
7、cognition he stood “in the very first row of the second-raters”. Maughams skill in handling plot has been compared by critics in the manner of Guy de Maupassant.,Maugham, W. Somerset (1874-1965),10,I have never pretended to be anything but a story teller. It has amused me to tell stories and I have
8、told a great many. It is a misfortune for me that the telling of a story just for the sake of the story is not an activity that is in favor with the intelligentsia. (Creatures of Circumstance, 1947),Maugham, W. Somerset (1874-1965),11,He was born in Paris as the youngest son of the solicitor to the
9、British embassy. He learned French as his native tongue. At the age of 10 Maugham was orphaned. Maugham studied medicine at Heidelberg University and in London. He qualified in 1897 as doctor from St. Thomas medical school but abandoned medicine after the success of his first novels and plays.,Maugh
10、am, W. Somerset (1874-1965),12,OF HUMAN BONDAGE (1915)人性的枷锁 THE MOON AND SIX PENCE (1919) 月亮和六便士 THE TREMBLING OF A LEAF (1921) 叶之颤抖 ON CHINESE SCREEN (1922) 中国见闻录 THE PAINTED VEIL (1925) 彩色的面纱 CAKES AND ALE (1925) 寻欢作乐 ,威廉 萨默塞特 毛姆,13,2. La Fontaine La Fontaine （拉.封丹）was a French writer(1621-1695),
11、remembered especially for his Fables (1668 -1694), moral tales drawn from AESOP and oriental sources which he used to comment satirically on contemporary society.,14,3. Monte Carlo Monte Carlo is a town in the independent principality of Monaco, on the Mediterranean coast known as the French Riviera
12、. It is an international resort with a gambling casino, a yacht harbor and an annual automobile rally and the Monaco Grand Prix car race.,15,Main Idea of the Text,In this short story, Somerset Maugham, by describing two brothers attitudes toward life, examines the nature and inconsistent qualities o
13、f human beings. George was a hard-working and respectable man with a decent job as a lawyer. He was also a faithful husband and loving father to four daughters. He believed that the industry should be rewarded and giddiness punished. His brother Tom, however, was an unscrupulous and good-for-nothing
14、 scoundrel. He philandered with the prettiest girls, danced, ate in the most expensive restaurants, and dressed beautifully. He borrowed money from relatives and friends. At the beginning, he fooled George by making empty promises repeatedly. Later on he even went to such an extreme that he blackmai
15、led his brother.,16,Loading money to his brother, George appeared to be in Toms favor at the first sight. On a second thought, readers can find that George helped his brother only for his own sake. For instance, he gave Tom some money in order that Tom might quit his job as a bartender. By doing so,
16、 he saved his face and the good reputation of his family. But unfortunately Tom took advantage of his weakness of vanity over and over again. The story offers a new interpretation of the fable of La Fontaine The Ant and the Grasshopper whose classical teaching is that in an imperfect world industry
17、is rewarded and giddiness punished, and reveals the dual personality of ordinary people.,17,While-Reading: Global-Reading,Words and Expressions 2. Paraphrases of Difficult Sentences,18,Words and Expressions,perversity,expostulation,settle down,discreditable,convict,be in sbs debt,grudge,levy,gutter,
18、dissolute,sovereign,vindictive,19,perversity:the quality or state of being perverse a perverse action, comment, etcn.邪恶, 堕落; 反常倔强; 任性, 刚愎,Eg:This is very strange. It is strange to the point of perversity.,这实在是非常奇怪，而且奇怪到很变态的一种心态。,pervert vt. 使堕落变坏, 诱惑,使反常; 颠倒 误滥, 逆用; 曲误解 pervert the truth 颠倒是非 A clev
19、er criminal perverts his talents. 一个聪明的犯罪者误用了他的才智。,perverse adj. 邪恶的; 不正当的, 堕落的反常的, 违反常情的 刚愎易怒的, 倔强的, 坚持错误的,20,expostulation:the act of expressing earnest opposition or protest n 劝告, 谏言,Eg:Miss Bingley warmly resented the indignity he had received, in an expostulation with her brother for talking su
20、ch nonsense.,彬格莱小姐看见人家拿他开玩笑，很是生气，便怪她的哥哥干吗要谈这样没意思的话。,expostulate vi. 规劝, 忠告 expostulate with sb. about for, on sth. 为了某事劝戒某人,She expostulate with her husband about his habit of smoking in bed.,她抗议她丈夫经常在床上抽烟。,他的一个学生与他争辩考试结果。,One of his students expostulate with him about his examination result.,expost
21、ulator n劝告者，忠告者,expostulatory adj 忠告的，劝诫的,21,Discreditable；tending to bring discredit; shameful or unworthy ,disreputable可耻的，丢脸的,Eg: His marks were not at all discreditable.,他的分数一点也不丢脸。,The different between a moral man and a man of honour is that the latter regret a discreditable act even when it h
22、ave work.,有道德的人与君子之间的差别是，即使在干了丢脸的事情而不为人所察觉，后者也会后悔的。,creditable:adj. 值得赞扬的, 可钦佩的，可信任的, 值得给予信用贷款的 可归功于.的(to)，为.带来声誉的 Victory was directly creditable to his efforts. 胜利可直接归功于他的努力。,22,convict:,1. Vb to pronounce (someone) guilty of an offence,2. n.a person found guilty of an offence against the law, esp
23、 one who is sentenced to imprisonment,Eg:A convict still at large.,仍未归案的罪犯,He reported having seen the escaped convict.,他报告说，他曾看见过那个逃犯。,Eg: The concrete evidence is needed to convict.,需要有具体的证据来判定有罪,3. Adj convicted,Let a convict person go free without any punishment.,让被定罪的人自由，不进行任何惩罚。,conviction n 定
24、罪，宣布有罪,convinctive adj 有说服力的，令人信服的,23,vindictive：disposed to seek vengeance，characterized by spite or rancour报复性的,Eg: Shes not mean or vindictive. Thats the last thing with which one could reproach her.,她不是那种刻薄而恶意的人，要论刻薄与恶意，她是最不应该受到批评的。,vindictive damage:惩罚性损害赔偿,24,grudge: 1. n a persistent feeling
25、of resentment, esp one due to some cause, such as an insult or injury 怨恨,have/bear/nurse a grudge against sb. 怀恨某人, 同某人过不去 bear/owe sb. a grudge 对某人怀恨在心,2.to feel resentful or envious about (someone elses success, possessions, etc) 嫉妒,I do not grudge him his success.,我不嫉妒他的成功。,3. to give or allow un
26、willingly 吝惜,He grudged the food his horse ate.,25,levy:1) to impose and collect (a tax, tariff, fine, etc) levy a fine tax on sb. 向某人征收罚金税款 levy a ransom on sb. 向某人索取赎金 2) to conscript troops for service They levy an army every spring. 每年春天，他们征集军队。 levy war against upon. 对开战 3)to seize or attach (p
27、roperty) in accordance with the judgment of a court n 4) the act of imposing and collecting a tax, tariff, etc.the money so raised,26,Gutter language; the gutter press. 下层社会的语言；下流的报纸 Dish out a gutter 开一道水槽 A gutter along a street. 沟渠沿街的阴沟 I rolled a gutter ball. 我打出了一个洗沟球。 The artist died in the gu
28、tter. 这位艺术家穷困潦倒而死。 A gutter or groove in a roof. 排水天沟屋顶的槽或沟 The gutter has filled up with mud. 沟槽里都是泥. A gutter under the eaves of a roof. 水槽屋檐下的凹槽： The heavy rain has filled up the gutter again. 大雨又把水槽填满了。 A duck will not always dabble in the same gutter. 一只鸭子不会常在同一条沟中玩水。,27,Dissolute:1. unrestrain
29、ed by convention or morality; Synonym: degraded; degenerated; dissipated,a dissolute man in fashionable society. 上流社会的放荡男人。,a brilliant and dissolute writer 一个才气焕发而放荡不羁的作家,a dissolute character in Shakespeares plays. 莎士比亚戏剧中的放纵人物。,28,Sovereign: adj 1. supreme in rank or authority a sovereign power最高
30、权力 2. excellent or outstanding a sovereign remedy灵药, 特效药 3. of, relating to, or characteristic of a sovereign independent of outside authority a sovereign state主权国家,Parliament is a sovereign organ. 议会是最高权力机关。,Power inheres in the sovereign. 权力属於拥有主权者。,N: sovereignty,29,settle down 安坐，使安坐 安居 习惯于某种 （生
31、活或工作） 认真工作；全身心地做事 settle on 合法地授与某人钱财 (= settle upon) settle up 结账；清债 settle up after a meal 餐后结账 （一群人）结算；与了结 settle ones affairs 最后一次安排好自己的事,30,deep in debt 负债累累 deeply in debt 负债累累 get into debt 负债 run into debt 负债 fall into debt 负债 get into in debt 负债 run into in debt 负债 fall into in debt 负债 He t
32、hat dies pays all debts. 谚一死百了。 in debt 负债 in sb.s debt 欠某人的债情 out of debt 不欠债 Out of debt, out of danger. 谚无债一身轻。 owe sb. a debt of gratitude 受某人的恩惠尚未报答 pay the debt of nature 死, 寿终 pay ones debt to nature 死, 寿终 debt of honour 信誉债, 赌债 debt of nature 婉死, 寿终 debt to nature 婉死, 寿终,31,Paraphrase of Dif
33、ficult Sentences,1.The Ant and the Grasshopper, which is devised to bring home to the young the useful lesson that in an imperfect world industry is rewarded and giddiness punished.(line 4-6) The fable The Ant and the Grasshopper is designed to instruct the young people with a practical moral teachi
34、ng that in an imperfect society hard work is appreciated and it will pay off while being too fond of excitement and pleasure is discouraged and it will be punished. Translation: 记得有一则名为“蚂蚁和草蜢”的寓言，它向孩子们揭示了一个有益的启示：在不完美的社会里存在着奖勤罚懒的规则。,32,2. I apologize for telling something which everyone is politely,
35、but inexactly supposed to know.(line 7-8) to be polite, I suppose that everyone has known the fable; but I doubt whether it is accurate, so Im sorry for telling the story again Translation: （很抱歉，我插一句，这则寓言客气地说，应该人人皆知；但准确地讲，并非如此。）,33,3. I do not ascribe it to perversity on my part, but rather to the i
36、nconsequence of childhood, which is deficient in moral sense, that I could never reconcile myself to the lesson.(line 19-21) When I was a child I could never accept the moral lesson of the fable, which I attribute to my immature moral consciousness rather than to my unreasonable feeling or behavior.
37、 Translation: 其中的寓意我一直难以接受。我认为不是因为自己过于执拗，而是因为儿时不合逻辑的思维，那时尚未形成健全的道德观。,34,4. In this summary (and I have discovered since, entirely human) fashion I sought to express my disapproval of prudence and common-sense.(line 23-26) In this concise way (since then I found it a completely human way) I tried to
38、show my disapproval of the ants carefulness and practical good sense and judgment. Translation: 我非常同情那只草蜢，甚至有一段时间我一见到蚂蚁就非踩上一脚不可，以这种简明的方式来表明自己看不惯蚂蚁这种审慎、理性的做法（自那以后我发现自己这样做也是完全合乎人性的）。,35,5. I never saw anyone wear an expression of such deep gloom.(line 29-30) He was the first one that I ever saw who ap
39、peared to be so gloomy. 6. I suppose every family has a black sheep.(line 43) I take it as a fact that every family has a person who brings embarrassment and loss of respect to the family.,36,7. Tom had been a sore trial to his for twenty years.(line 44) For twenty years Tom had been troublesome and
40、 annoying as a test of his familys patience. 8. For twenty-five years Ive said that Tom would end in the gutter. And we shall see how he likes that. For twenty-five years Ive said that Tom would end in poverty and lets see how he feels when he lives in poverty.,37,9. He would listen to no expostulat
41、ions. (line 50) He wouldnt listen to any earnest and kindly reasoning against what he was doing at all. 10. He made a steady income from his friends and he made friends easily.(line 60) He borrowed money regularly from his friends and he was so charming that he won friendship easily.,38,11. He did n
42、ot waste his charm on him.(line 64) He got what he wanted from his brother with his attractiveness. 12. George was a serious man and insensible to such enticements.(line 65) George was so sincere that he was easily fooled by his brothers tricks.,39,13. Once or twice he fell to Toms promises of amend
43、ment and gave him considerable sums in order that he might make a fresh start.(line 66-68) For several times George believed Toms promises to change himself and gave him a considerable amount of money so that he could live a new life. Translation: 有一两次轻信了汤姆要改过自新的诺言，给了他一笔数目可观的钱让他重新开始生活。,40,14.He had
44、high spirit, an unfailing gaity and incredible charm. Translation: 他兴高采烈，快乐无比， 魅力十足。 15. I never grudged the contributions he regularly levied on me for the necessities of his existence. Translation: 他经常向我要钱购买生活必须品，但我总是慷慨解囊。,41,16. I never lent him fifty pounds without feeling that I was in his debt
45、.(line 104) Translation: 每当他向我借50英镑时，我总是感觉欠了他的债。,42,After-Reading,1. Key to Translation (from E to C) 2. Key to Translation (from C to E) 3. Writing- Describing a Person Some Useful Expressions Describe a person by telling what he does Homework 4. Proverbs they are good citizens, good husbands, and
46、good fathers, and of course somebody has to pay the taxes; but I do not find them exciting. I am fascinated by the men, few enough in all conscience, who take life in their own hands and seem to mould it to their own liking. It may be that we have no such thing as free will, but at all events we hav
47、e the illusion of it. At a cross-road it does seem to us that we might go either to the right or the left and, the choice once made, it is difficult to see that the whole course of the worlds history obliged us to take the turning we did.,47,48,49,50,Describe a person by telling what he does.,51,52,
48、Proverbs,有志者事竟成 Where theres a will, theres a way. 伟业非一日之功/罗马非朝夕建成。 Rome wasnt built in a day. God helps those who help themselves. 皇天不负有心人/自助者天助。 You shall reap what you sow. 种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆/一分耕耘，一分收获。 Constant dripping wears away the stone. 滴水穿石/锲尔不舍，金石可镂。 The early bird catches the worm. 早起的鸟儿有虫吃。,53,Q
49、uotations:,If you have great talents, industry will improve them; if you have but moderate abilities, industry will supply their deficiency. -Joshuas Reynolds, American female essayist 如果你很有天赋, 勤勉会使其更加完备; 如果你能力一般, 勤勉会补足其缺陷. -美国女散文家 J. 雷诺兹 I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat. -Winston Churchill, British politician 我所能奉献的没有其他, 只有热血, 辛劳, 眼泪与汗水. -英国政治家 W. 邱吉尔,54,Genius only means hard-working all ones life. -Mendeleyev, Russian chemist 天才只意味着终身不懈的努力 -俄国化学家 门捷列夫 Few things are imp