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1、虚拟语气 一 利用(should) +do/be done 虚拟的结构 1. 一坚持：insist * 二命令：order, command 三建议: advise, suggest*, recommend 四要求: require, request, demand, urge 与上述词有关的名词性从句均利用(should)+ do 虚拟 (1.)I suggest that we（should）set off at once (2.)The doctor insisted that the patient (should）be X- rayed (3.) We demanded that h
2、e _(pay) the bill by the end of the month. (4.)He requested that Alice _(attend) the meeting. (5.)It is suggested that the meeting_ (put off),(should) pay,should attend,( should ) be put,2.虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法 在It is necessary/important/strange/natural/funny surprising that； 等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气，即Should+动词原形或
3、只用动词原形。如： It is necessary that he（should）be sent there at once Corrections: 1.It is strange that he said so. 2.It is important that you will give me all the information. 3. He made the suggestion that we must finish the work in three hours 4.The order is that the soldiers can arrive at the village b
4、efore dark,must-should/ 去掉must,can-should/去掉can,saidsay/should say,will-should/ 去掉 will,二 通过时态虚拟的结构1.虚拟语气用于非真实条件句,1) If I _ a bird, I _ very happy. A.were, would be B.were ,shall be C.am ,would be 2) If my father _here now,he _ tell me what to do A. were ,will B. were, would C. is ,would 3) If I _ a
5、 car, I _ be very happy. A. have , shall B. had, should C. Had had, shall 4) If I _ her telephone number, I _ her. A. had, would have called B. had had, would have called 5) If you_ him yesterday, he _ some suggestions. A. had told, would have given B. tell, had given C. told, would have given 6) It
6、 is quite impossible that it will rain tomorrow. But if it _, I would still go to the cinema. A. should rain B. would rain C. had rained. 7) If he ( fail ), he would never touch the book.,should fail/failed/were to fail,混合虚拟语气： Eg.1) If you had taken the doctors advice, you would be well now. 2)If I
7、 had not watched TV yesterday evening , I could finish my homework now. 1) If I _ the chance ten years ago, I would be a manager now. A. had not lost B.did not lose C. Will not lose 2)If it ( rain) last night（过去）,It _ (be )very cold today（现在）3)If I (take) your advice（过去）， I should have no trouble wi
8、th the work now（现在）,had rained,Would be,had taken,形式混用的虚拟语气： 一个虚拟语气的句子 + but / even though 引导的一个真实陈述句 一个真实陈述句+otherwise/or一个虚拟语气的句子 1) I would have invited her to the part,but I didnt know her well. 2) She wasnt feeling very well. Otherwise she wouldnt have left the meeting so early 3) He might have
9、 given you your help, even though he was very busy. 4) -Why didnt you help him? - I ( help ) him, but I (not have) the money. 5)- you should have finished it sooner. - I know but I _ the time. A.dont have B. wont have C. didnt have,Would have helped,didnt have,虚拟语气的倒装结构： 含有虚拟语气的条件状语从句中，如有had，should，
10、were 这三个词的话，在正式或书面语言中可将if省略，再将句子的主语和谓语动词实行全部倒装或部分倒装。如：1)Had they had time（=If they had had time）， they would certainly have come and helped us2)Should it be fine（=If it should be fine）， we would go for an outing3)Were I you（=If I were you）， I would go 4) If it were to rain, we would stay at home tom
11、orrow.,2. as if, as though 在look,seem, sound, feel, taste, smell等之后引导表语 从句，真的不虚，假的要虚 Clouds are gathering.It seems as if it_ (be) rain. When we put a pen into the water, it looks as if_ ( be)broken 引导状语从句，必用虚拟 They spoke as if they _ (be) friends They speak/spoke as if they _ (be) friends for years.
12、 They speak /spoke as if they _ (treat) badly in themarcket Dont handle the vase as if it _ (be ) made of glass. *The teacher turned around as if _ (say) sth. The little girl stood at the gate as if _ (wait) for sb.,is going to rain,were,were,had been,had been treated,were,to say,waiting,3.wish/ if
13、only(要是多好啊）引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气 wish 、If only sb. did ( 现在） had done （过去） would/ could /might + do/be（将来） 4. would (had) rather引起的从句 would rather sb. did (现在 ,将来) sb. had done （过去） 5. Its (high, about) time that sb. did should do 6. But for+n/pron, sb would/could/might have done 7. without, sb. would/could/
14、might do have done,虚拟语气练习 1. I _ you a more valuable present for your birthday, but I was short of money at that time. A. must have bought B. would have bought C. had bought D. would buy 2. _ he come, the problem would be settled. A. Would B. Should C. Shall D. If 3. I _ to stay there for one more w
15、eek, but I changed my mind. A. would have hoped B. was hoping C. had hoped D. hoped 4. Its necessary that each child _ the rules. A. must obey B. will obey C. obeys D. obey 5. His silence at the meeting suggested that he _ to your plan. shouldnt agree B. wouldnt agree C. hadnt agree D. didnt agree,B
16、,B,D,D,C,6. You _ to the meeting yesterday. What was the reason for your absence? A. had come B. came C. would have come D. should have come 7 . If I had seen the movie, I_ you all about it now. A. would tell B. will tell C. have told D. would have told 8. He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he _a C
17、hinese. A. were B. had been C. is D. has been 9. _you _ last Wednesday, you might know it well. A. Were, to come B. If, came C. Had, come D. Did, come,D,A,A,C,10. Our former math teacher died of cancer last term, otherwise he_. A. would still be working B. would still have worked C. should still wor
18、k D. will still work 11. Without your help, I _ the exam last term. A. failed in B. would have failed C. wouldnt pass D. would fail 12. I was ill that day, otherwise I _ the sports meet. A. would have taken part in B. took part in C. had taken part in D. would take part in 13Were it not for the snow
19、y weather, we_ all right. A. would be B. would have been C. were D. may be 14. If he_ me tomorrow, I would let him know. A. should call B. should not have been able C. were not able D. are not able,B,A,A,A,A,15._ more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain were B. Had the captain b
20、een C. Should the captain be D.If the captain would have been 16. I wish that I _ with you last night. A. went B. have gone C. had gone D. could have gone 17. I wish I_ with her next year. A. would be B. am C. was D. were 18. _I you, I would go with him to the party. A. Was B. Had been C. Will be D. Were 19. Your advice that_ till next week is reasonable. A. she waits B. she wait C. wait she D. she waited 20. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he_ our chairman now. A. must have been B. would have been C. were D. would be,B,C,A,D,B,D,