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1、,倒装句,正常词序 1. The accident happened late in the afternoon. (绝大部分陈述句) 2. What has happened to you? (疑问词作主语的特殊疑问句) 3. Which building was destroyed? (疑问词修饰主语的特殊疑问句),二. 倒装词序 1. 主谓倒装 A. 部分倒装(即一般疑问句词序) Did the accident happen late in the afternoon? B. 全部倒装 Out rushed the woman. 2. 非主谓倒装 Proud as/though he
2、is, he is afraid to see me. (表语倒装) =Though he is proud, he is afraid to see me.,三. 主谓倒装 A. 部分倒装 (主谓像一般疑问句那样倒装) 1. 疑问句 (疑问词作主语或作主语的修饰语除外) ( The bell has rung. ) 1) Has the bell rung? ( Everything he had was taken away from him during the Second World War.) 2) When was everything he had taken away fro
3、m him?,2. “ Only + 状语 ” 放在句首时 (He told me the truth only after his wife left.) Only after his wife left did he tell me the truth. 3. 当not only but also 连接两个句子时,前一句主谓要部分倒装 (The city was polluted and the streets were crowded, too.) Not only was the city polluted but also the streets were crowded.,4. s
4、o (表示 “如此”)放在句首时 ( I felt it so difficult to live in an English-speaking country that I was determined to learn English well.) So difficult did I feel it to live in an English-speaking country that I was determined to learn English well. 5. so (表示 “也”)放在句首时; nor / neither (表示 “也不.”)放在句首时 (Smelling a
5、 rotten egg is an experience and taking medicine is an experience, too.) 1) Smelling a rotten egg is an experience. So is taking medicine.,(I have never been abroad and my wife has never been abroad, either. ) 2) I have never been abroad. Nor has my wife. 注意: 1) 加前缀或后缀( un_, im_, _less等)视为肯定句. ( The
6、 young man was impolite to us. His father was impolite to us, too.) The young man was impolite to us and so was his father.,2) “So + 主谓部分倒装” 表示 “也” ; “So + 主谓不倒装” 表示 “的确” If he goes to see you off at the airport, so will I. (= I will go to see you off at the airport, too) - I hear Tom sat up far int
7、o the night. - So he did. 6.当否定词、半否定词或否定词组放在句首时 ( He no more cared what his friends thought about him. ) 1) No more did he care what his friends thought about him.,( He wasnt set free until liberation. ) 2) Not until liberation was he set free. ( He had hardly gone to bed when the telephone rang ) 3
8、) Hardly had he gone to bed when the telephone rang. ( They cleaned the entire house in no time. ) 4) In no time did they clean the entire house .,(TV sets can never take the place of cinemas.) 5) Never can TV sets take the place of cinemas. (She did not sing a single song at yesterdays party.) 6) N
9、ot a single song did she sing at yesterdays party. 7. 虚拟条件从句中含有should, were 或 had时,可以去掉if, 主谓进行部分倒装. (If I had been born a few years earlier, I would join the army.) 1) Had I been born a few years earlier, I would join the army.,( Your wife would not be pleased to hear that if she were here now. ) 2
10、) Your wife would not be pleased to hear that were she here now. B. 全部倒装 1. 以There / Here / Out / In / Away / Up / Down开头的句子 1) Here is a letter for you.,3) There goes the bell. 4) There was a sudden wind and away went his hat. 5) The door burst open and in rushed the crowd. 但是:当主语是人称代词时,主谓不要倒装. 1)
11、Here it comes. 2) Here they are. 3) Out she rushed.,3. 一个较长的地点状语短语放在句首时,如果主语长,谓语短,需要全部倒装. 1) In a lecture hall of a university in England sat an old professor with a heavy book under his arm. 2) From the valley came a gun shot. 3) They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which stood a peasant boy. 4
12、) In this passage will be found the answer to the question.,4. 当直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时,引号外的主谓可以全部倒装,也可以不倒装. 1) “I think were lost.” said my brother. (也可以: “I think were lost.” my brother said.) 2) “ If I die,” asked he, “ who will take my place?” (也可以: “If I die,” he asked, “who will take my place?”),四. 非
13、主谓倒装 1. 感叹句 ( He is singing beautifully. ) 1) How beautifully he is singing ! (状语倒装) ( You are all very silly. ) 2) How silly you all are ! (表语倒装) ( Youve made so many mistakes in this exam. ) 3) What a lot of mistakes you have made in this exam!(宾语倒装),(I wish very much to go there.) How I wish to g
14、o there! (状语倒装) 2. 为了前后衔接紧密, 将宾语倒装 ( 放在句首). Then they asked the king for more silk and gold thread. All this they kept for themselves. (宾语倒装) 3. 当as表示”虽然”、 “尽管”时,必须将表语,状语或主要动词倒装. 1) Tired as they were, Alice and Jane sat up very late to see the new year come. ( 表语倒装),2) Hero as he is , he has some shortcomings. (表语倒装) 3) Hard as they worked, they didnt finish the task ahead of time. (状语倒装) 4) Try as you might, you will not succeed. (主要动词倒装),