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1、第 19 练 世界与环境基础巩固. 单句语法填空1 Theamountofwaterwhichissuitable_(drink) islessandlessnow.2 Nowmoreandmorepeoplepaymoreattentiontohow_(save) water.3Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology，itbecomesmoreimportant_(protect) ourenvironment.4 InChinaalotofriversandlakesare_(serious) pollutedbysomefactories.5So
2、mewastewaterhasbeenpouredintoriversandlakes，_(kill)alargenumberoffish.6Ifeveryonemakesacontributiontoprotectingtheenvironment，theworld_(become) muchmorebeautiful.7 Howtoprotectourenvironmenthasbeenoneofthemostdifficult_(problem)intheworld.8Weshouldplantmoreandmoretreesinordertolivebetterand_(healthy
3、)inthefuture.9Itishightimethatthegovernment_(take)somemeasurestoreducepollution.10 _thewholethewarmingoftheearthisaphenomenonthatcausesgreatconcern. 单句改错 ( 每小题仅有1 处错误 )11 Thegovernmentshouldtakeactiontostopthesefactoriesproduceharmfulgases.12Asweallknow，environmentalproblemsdirectlyaffectaboutthequa
4、lityofpeopleslives.13Ifwedon tsavewater ，lastdropofwaterwillbeatear-dropofus.14 Thevillagersurgedthegovernmenttotakeseveralmeasuretoreducetheheavypollution.15 Withouttheshadefromthetrees， theearthwouldgettoohottolive.16 Eachofusshouldtryourbesttoprotecttheearthsoitisourhome.17Thegrowingspeedofaplant
5、isinfluencedbyanumberoffactors，mostofthemarebeyondourcontrol.18Youdbeexposedtoalotlittlepollutionifyoumovedtoatownwithpurewaterandair.19Nowadaysmanyfactoriesproducelargeamountsofchemicalsarepoisonoustohumanbeings.20 Nobodyknowsexactwhyandhowdinosaursdisappearedfromtheearthinsuchashorttime.话题词汇1 poll
6、utionn污染第 1页共 7页2 atmospheren大气，气氛3 consequencen 果，后果4 attach great importance to.十分重 5 be aware of.意 到6 damage v 坏7 make a difference有影响8 environmentn 境9 sufferv受苦，遭受10 cause v 致能力提升. 理解A(2020 安徽皖北 作区 考)Todaytropicalrainforestsaredisappearingfromthefaceoftheglobe.Despitegrowinginternationalconcern，
7、rainforestscontinuetobedestroyedatapaceover80,000acresperday.Worldrainforestcovernowstandsataround2.5millionsquaremiles.Humanactivitieshavehadaneffectonmuchofthisremainingarea.Deforestation(森林滥伐)oftropicalrainforestshasaglobaleffectthroughspeciesextinction，thelossofimportantecosystemservicesandrenew
8、ableresources，andthereductionofcarbonsinks.However， thisdestructioncanbeslowed， stopped，andinsomecasesevenreversed(逆 转 ) Mostpeopleagreethattheproblemmustbesolved，butthemeansarenotassimpleasbuildingfencesaroundtheremainingrainforestsorbanningthewoodtrade.Economic，political，andsocialpressureswillnota
9、llowrainforeststocontinuetoexistiftheyarecompletelyclosedofffromuseanddevelopment.So，whatshouldbedone？Thesolutionmustbebasedonwhatispractical，notcompletelyidealisticanddependsondevelopingaconservationapproachbuiltontheprincipleofsustainable(可持续的)useanddevelopmentofrainforests.Beyondtheresponsibledev
10、elopmentofrainforests，effortstorestoredamagedforestlandsalongwiththeestablishmentofprotectedareasarekeytosecuringrainforestsforthelong-termbenefitstheycanprovideformankind.第 2页共 7页Historicapproachestorainforestconservationhavefailed，asshownbytheincreasedrateofdeforestation.Inmanyregions，closingofffo
11、restsasuntouchableparksandreserveshasneitherimprovedthequalityoflivingoreconomicopportunitiesfortheruralpoor，norstoppedforestclearingbyillegalwoodcuttersanddevelopers.Theproblemwiththistraditionalapproachtopreservingwildlandsindevelopingcountriesisthatitfailstodeveloppropereconomicmotivesforpreservi
12、ngtheforest.Localpeopleandthegovernmentitselfmustseefinancialreturnstoprovethecostsofmaintainingparksfromeconomicactivities.21 Whathascausedsomespeciesextinctioninthetropicalrainforests?AHumansdestroyingthetrees.B Carbonsinksbeingreduced.C Lackingrenewableresources.D Fencesnotbeingbuiltaroundtherain
13、forests.22 Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A Tropicalrainforestscanbeeasilypreserved.B Rainforestsmustbeclosedofftobebetterprotected.C Humanactivitieshavehadaneffectontropicalrainforests.D Economicreturnscanmakeadifferenceinprotectingtropicalrainforests.23Whatistheauthor sattitudetotropicalrainfores
14、tprotection?A Indifferent.B Concerned.C Doubtful.D Puzzled.24 Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A Toshowthebadeffectsofdeforestation.B Tostresstheimportanceoftherainforests.C Toappealforrightwaystosavetherainforests.D Tointroducethefactofforestsdisappearing.BForcenturies，elephantshaveplayedabigroleinthew
15、orldseconomies，culturesandreligions.TheAfricanelephantsusedtobefoundalloverAfricaandtheAsianelephantsmovedfromSyriatoChinatoIndonesia.Nowadays，elephantsarefoundinsmallgroupsinthesouthoftheSaharaDesertandscarcelyinSoutheastAsia ， SriLankaandIndia.Intheearlytwentiethcentury，therewereclosetotenmillione
16、lephants，第 3页共 7页andnowtheelephantnumberisaslowas252,000andexpectedtodropdownto160,000by2020.Between2020and2020，theelephantpopulationfellbyatleast30%，or144,000elephants.AsresearchershavetraveledovertheAfricanplains，theyonlyspottedoneherdof36elephantsinanarealikethesizeofMexico.Itisclearthatthesegent
17、lemammalsaredisappearingrightbeforeoureyes.Therearemanyreasonswhytheelephantpopulationhasbeendecreasing，oneofwhichistheirhabitat.Humansarecompetingwithelephantsforlivingspace，andasmoreandmorehumansclearthelandthatisbeingusedbyelephants，theelephantshavelessspace.Elephanthuntingor“poaching ”hasbeenama
18、jorfactorforthedisappearanceofthisspecies，andtheyarekilledonlyfortheirvaluableivorytusks.Althoughthetradeoftusksisillegal，itisstillacommonpracticeinmanyplaces.Often，allthelocalpeoplelivingamongelephantswouldbefarmers，andfoundthattheycouldmakemoremoneybysellingthetusksofoneelephantthandoingmanuallabo
19、rfortwelveyears.Thatalonemakesitreallyhardtopreventthemfromkillingtheelephants.SomeplacessuchasBotswana，haveputinextraefforttoprotecttheirwildlifefrompoachersbyfoundingtheirBotswanaDefenseForce，whichismadeupofaround700specially-trainedsoldiersthatarestationedin40differentareas.Youmayfeelworriedabout
20、thepresentsituationselephantsarein，buttherearewaystohelp.Tofindouthowyoucanhelpelephantconservation，adoptanelephant，ordonate ， clickhere.25 ThenumberslistedinParagraph2showthat_.AhumansdontcareforelephantsB elephantshavebeennexttoextinctionC elephantshavebecomegentlerthanbeforeD elephantshavegainedm
21、oreattention26 Whatisthebiggestfactorforthedisappearingelephants?A Lessspace.B Alackoffood.C Sufferingfromadisease.D Elephanthunting.27 Whyisithardtobankillingtheelephantsamongthefarmers?A Theirtusksareprofitable.B Elephantsaredestroyingtheirfieldscruelly.第 4页共 7页C Farmershopetomakealivingbysellingt
22、heirmeat.D Farmerspracticetheirhuntingskillsbykillingelephants.28 Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A Topersuadereaderstomakeadonation.B Toguidereadershowtoprotectelephants.C Toencouragereaderstohelpprotectelephants.D Tointroducethedecreasingnumberofelephants. 短文改错(2020 广东湛江二模 )Whatissomethingyoucan tseebu
23、tisallaroundyou？ Whatholdanairplaneinthesky？Theanswerwithallthesequestionsisair.Thoughyoucantseeair，butyouknowit sthere.Youcanfeelthem.Airisamixtureofinvisiblegas.Putyourhandsonyourchestandtakedeepbreath.Whathappens？Yourchestrisessoyourlungsarefilledwithair.Also， thetiresonbikes， cars，trucksandbuses
24、needairtokeeproll.Theatmosphereblocksoutmuchofthesun sharmfulrays.The atmosphere trapsthe heat from the sun.Itmakes our worldwarmly enough forlifeto grow.答案解析.1.todrink2.tosave3.toprotect4.seriously5.killing6 willbecome7.problems8.healthier9.shouldtake/took10Onproduce.11.Thegovernm entshouldtakeacti
25、ontostopthesefactoriesharmfulgases.producing12Asweallknow，environmentalproblemsdirectlyaffectaboutthequalityofpeopleslives.13Ifwedon tsavewater ， the lastdropofwaterwillbeatear-dropofus.measure14Thevillagersurgedthegovernmenttotakeseveralmeasures toreducetheheavypollution.15 Withouttheshadefromthetr
26、ees， theearthwouldgettoohottoliveon.so16 Eachofusshouldtryourbesttoprotecttheearthbecause itisourhome.17 Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors，themmostofwhich第 5页共 7页arebeyondourcontrol.18Youdbeexposedtoalotlittlepollutionifyoumovedtoatownwithpurewaterandair.less19Nowadaysmanyfactori
27、esproducelargeamountsofchemicalswhich/thatarepoisonoustohumanbeings.exact20 Nobodyknowswhyandhowdinosaursdisappearedfromtheearthinsuchashorttime.exactly.语篇解读 如今，热带雨林正面临严重的生存危机，为世界敲响了环保警钟。人类应采取更加实际、有效的措施来保护热带雨林。21A 细节理解题。 根据第二段中的“ Deforestation(森林滥伐) of tropicalrainforestshas a global effect through
28、species extinction”可知，人类对热带雨林的滥砍滥伐导致热带雨林一些物种的灭绝。故选A。 22 D 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Economic，political， and socialpressureswill not allow rainforests to continue to exist if they are completely closed offfrom use and development.”可推知经济效益对保护热带雨林有一定影响。故选D。 23 B 观点态度题。根据第二段和第四段的内容可知，作者讲述了热带雨林正在消失的现状并提出了一些保护措施已经无
29、效的问题。由此可以推断出作者对热带雨林保护持担忧的态度。故选B。 24 C 写作目的题。通读全文并根据最后两段可知，作者认为传统的保护热带雨林的方法无效，呼吁大家分享合适的保护措施。故选C。 语篇解读 本文主要讲了大象在经济、文化和宗教上都起了很重要的作用，而现在由于种种原因，大象的数量在急剧减少。作者在这里呼吁人们保护野生大象。25 B 推理判断题。根据第二段的数据252 000,160 000,144 000,36 可知，大象的数量在不断地减少，所以它们有濒临灭绝的危险。故选B。 26D 细节理解题。 根据第三段中的“ Elephanthuntingor poaching has been
30、 a majorfactor for the disappearance of this species，and they are killed only for theirvaluableivorytusks. ”可知，导致大象灭绝最主要的原因是人类对大象的捕杀。故选D。第 6页共 7页27 A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，农民捕杀大象的现象很难被禁止的原因是象牙很赚钱。故选A。28 C 写作目的题。通读全文尤其是文中最后一段的最后两句可知，作者写作本文是想鼓励人们保护大象。故选C。 .holdWhatissomethingyoucan tseebutisallaroundyou
31、？Whatholdsanairplaneinthesky？Theanswerwithallthesequestionsisair.Thoughyoucantseeair，tothemgasbutyouknowit sthere.Youcanfeelit.Airisamixtureofinvisiblegases .Putyourhandsonyourchestandtakedeepbreath.Whathappens？ Yourchestrisessoabecause/when/whileyourlungsarefilledwithair.Also，thetiresonbikes，cars，trucksandbusesneedairtokeeproll.Theatmosphereblocksoutmuchrollingmanyofthesun sharmfulrays.Theatmospheretrapstheheatfromthesun.warmlyItmakesourworldwarmenoughforlifetogrow.第 7页共 7页