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1、全国2007年4月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)1Which of the following is NOT a rhetorical feature of idioms?（）APhonetic manipulation. BLexical manipulation.CFig
2、ures of speech. DPhrasal verbs. 2The sentence “I like Mary better than you.” is ambiguous due to _.（）Aextra-linguistic context Blexical context Cgrammatical context Dhomonymy 3Which of the following is NOT one of the obvious characteristics of the basic word stock?（）ACreativity. BStability. CDuality
3、. DAll national character. 4Which of the following is NOT considered as an inflectional affix?（）A-es B-orC-est D-er5The following are user-friendly features of Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, except _. （）Aextra column Bclear grammar codes Cusage notes Dlanguage notes 6Which of the follow
4、ing is a case of suffixation? （）AHemisphere. BAttempt. CNATO. DRespondent. 7Which of the following is NOT one of the main sources of new words?（）AThe rapid development of modern science and technology. BGeographical and political changes. CThe influence of other cultures and languages. DSocial and e
5、conomic changes. 8Websters New World Dictionary is a(n) _ dictionary. （）Aunabridged BdeskCpocket Dencyclopedic9Angel, martyr and paradise have their meanings _ because of the influence of Christianity.（）Aelevated Bdegraded Cnarrowed Dextended 10As far as denotation is concerned, relative synonyms ma
6、y differ _. （）Ain the diachronic approach Bin the stylistic and emotive colouring of words Cin usage in simple terms Din the range and intensity of meaning 11Which of the following is NOT true about Old English? （）AUses of Old English borrowed heavily from Latin and other languages. BOld English has
7、 a vocabulary of about 50,000 to 60,000. COld English refers to the English language used from 450 to 1150. DOld English was a highly inflected language. 12Neologisms are newly-created words or expressions. Which of the following is NOT an example of neologisms? （）ASARS. BCan-opener. CFuturology. DF
8、reak out. 13Which of the following words is morphologically motivated? （）ABlack market. BGreenhorn. CHopeless. DNeigh. 14In the sentence “Italian artists were more active in the quattrocento than in the sixteenth century which followed.” The meaning of quattrocento can be inferred from the clue of _
9、. （）Adefinition Bexplanation Cexample Drelevant detail 15Tooth and nail is an idiom _ in nature. （）Anorminal Badjectival Cadverbial Dverbal II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10%)16The smallest functioning unit in the composition of
10、words is the _.17Word-meaning changes by modes of extension, narrowing, degradation, elevation and _.18In the word “post-war”, “post-” is a prefix of _. 19Functional words such as preparations, conjunctions, though having little lexical meaning, possess strong _meaning. 20Relative synonyms also call
11、ed _ are similar or nearly the same in denotation, but embrace different degrees of a given quality. III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) meaning of prefixes; 2) type of word formations; 3)types of meaning changes and 4) types of idioms. (10%)A B（）21
12、Ultr- A. backformation （）22burgle B. initialism （）23pop C. transfer of sensation （）24clear-sounding D. before （）25VOAE. brim (waters edge the top edge of a cup)（）26fore-F. mistress （）27degradation G. succeed （）28kick the bucket H. clipping （）29extension I. die （）30make itJ. extreme IV. Study the fol
13、lowing words or expressions and identify 1) historical stage of English vocabulary; 2) origins of homonyms; 3) types of meanings; 4) sources of synonyms; 5) causes of ambiguity and 6) types of motivations. (10%)31ball, ball （）32a hard businessman （）33friend or foe （）34miniskirt （）35an attractive bal
14、l（）36lie distort the fact （）37occupation-walk of life （）38coffee （）39mother (love, care)（）40enrich （）V. Define the following terms. (10%)41loan words42specialized dictionary43conversion 44lexical context45amelioration VI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write
15、your answers in the space given below. (12%)46What are bound morphemes? Illustrate your point. 47Why is context very important for the understanding of word-meaning?48What is the difference between associative meaning and conceptual meaning?VII. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answe
16、rs in the space given below. (18%)49Some people hold that Shakespeare is more difficult to read than contemporary writings. Do you agree or disagree to this comment? State your reason(s) with at least three examples. 50Use examples to illustrate the similarity and difference between absolute synonym
17、s and relative synonyms. 全国2007年7月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)1The definition of a word comprises the following points except _.（）Aa sound unity Ba
18、 minimal unit of meaning Ca unit of meaning Da form that can function alone in a sentence 2Words may be classified into content words and function words by _. （）Aorigin Bnotion Cstability Duse frequency 3Its said that modern English vocabulary develops through three channels. Which of the following
19、is NOT one of them? （）ABorrowing. BSemantic change. CCreation. DBlending. 4What did modern English begin with? （）AThe establishment of printing. BThe Norman invasion.CBritains trade relations with the low countries. DThe Second World War. 5Which of the following is NOT considered to be a stem? （）A-t
20、ion. BNation. CInternational. DNational. 6Which of the following is a case of conversion? （）AEncourage. BWeek. CToothache. DDoubt. 7Which of the following words is semantically motivated? （）AAirmail. BHiss. CMouth in the phrase “the mouth of a river”.DLaconic in the phrase “a laconic answer”. 8One o
21、f the interesting features about a language is that there are a great many more _ than _ in it. （）Ahyponyms homonymsBhomonyms hyponyms Csynonyms antonymsDantonyms synonyms 9Which of the following words was used during the American Civil War to refer to those northerners who were secretly aiding the
22、South? （）ARattlesnake. BVillain. CInformer. DCopperhead. 10In a narrow sense, context refers to the words, clauses, sentences in which a word appears and is known as _. （）Anon-linguistic contextBlinguistic context Cextra-linguistic context Dtype of context 11Ambiguity in a passage often occurs due t
23、o _ and homonymy in an inadequate context. （）Aallomorph Bvariation Csuffixation Dpolysemy 12Which of the following rhetorical features can be seen in the idiom “might and main”?（）ARhyme. BAlliteration.CJuxtaposition. DSynecdoche. 13The idiom “by twos and threes” shows the characteristics of idioms t
24、hat _. （）Athe words that make up the idiom have lost their individual identity in the idiom Bidioms are semantically inexplicable Cthe word order in an idiom cant be inverted or changed Didioms are grammatically unanalysable 14CCELD is noted for its unique features except _. （）Adefinition Bextra col
25、umn Cusage examples Dcomplicated grammar codes 15Websters Third New International Dictionary is the best-known _. （）Adesk dictionary Bpocket dictionary Cunabridged dictionary Dencyclopedic dictionary .Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (1
26、0%)16. Bound morphemes include two types: bound root and _. 17. In the word “pseudo-science”, “pseudo-” is a _ prefix. 18. Associative meaning is open-ended and indeterminate, while _ meaning is constant and relatively stable. 19. Antonyms are classified on the basis of _.20. The opposite of semanti
27、c elevation in meaning change is called _. . Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) types of meaning changes; 2) features of idiom; 3) meaning of prefixes and 4) word formation. (10%) A B（ ）21. BASIC A prefixation （ ）22. doctor (skilled in any learned profe
28、ssion B extra-linguistic factor specialist in medicine) （ ）23. fine art C idioms adjectival in nature（ ）24. up in the air D elevation（ ）25. governor (pilot head of a state) E compounding （ ）26. retro- F deletion （ ）27. a chocolate frog (an informer) G acronym （ ）28. inter- H back （ ）29. hyperactive
29、I between （ ）30. for good and all = for good J narrowing . Study the following words or expressions and identify 1) types of sense relations; 2) features of idioms; 3) types of meanings and 4) historical stages of English. (10%)31. external （ ）32. home (East or west, home is best. )（ ）33. by-gone （
30、）34. hesitate be in two minds （ ）35. candidate a person seeking an office（ ）36. notorious （ ）37. “A friend in need is a friend in deed. ”（ ）38.win gain the upper hand （ ）39. might and main （ ）40. “Two heads are better than one. ”（ ）. Define the following terms. (10%)41. neologisms 42. back-formation
31、 43. associated transfer 44. lexical context 45. usage notes . Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below. (12%) 46. What are affixes? 47. What is collocative meaning? Please illustrate your point with an example. 48. Guess the
32、 meaning of the word underlined in the following sentence and tell what contextual clues have helped you in arriving at the meaning. Italian artists were more active in the quattrocento than in the sixteenth century which followed. . Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the sp
33、ace given below. (18%)49. Analyze and comment on the differences of synonyms in three ways. 50. Point out the compounds in the following sentence and explain how they are combined. The out-going president talked to the stockholders who had staged a sit-in in forty-storey building. 全国2008年4月历年自考英语词汇学
34、真题I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)1. Words fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by _. （ ）A. use frequency B. notionC. productivity D. origin2. Words lik
35、e bear, nut, knocked out can be categorized as _. （ ）A. terminology B. jargonC. slang D. neologisms3. Identify the word that is of Scandinavian origin among the following. （ ）A. Skirt B. DressC. Model D. Status4. Which of the following statements is NOT true? （ ）A. Old English was a highly inflected
36、 language.B. Reviving archaic or obsolete words also contribute to the growth of English vocabularyC. The word cloak is of French origin.D. Modern English is a synthetic language.5. The root of the word “antecedent” is _. （ ）A. ante- B. -ced-C. -dent D. -ent6.Shortening a longer word by cutting a pa
37、rt off the original and using what remains is called _. （ ）A. blending B. clippingC. acronymy D. back-formation7. Associative meaning of words comprises the following except _. （ ）A. connotative meaning B. lexical meaningC. affective meaning D. collocative meaning8. What is a common feature peculiar
38、 to all natural languages? （ ）A. Suffixation. B. Polysemy.C. Allomorph. D. Variation.9. Which word that formerly meant animal, and later animal from Latin and beast from French found their way into English?（ ）A. Deer. B. Cattle.C. Sheep. D. Bird.10. When a word with multiple meanings is used in an i
39、nadequate context, this word may create _. （ ）A. semantic motivation B. degradationC. ambiguity D. extension11. Without _, there is no way to determine the very sense of the word that the speaker intended to convey.A. context B. semantic unityC. structural stability D. stylistic feature12. Idioms ma
40、nifest such rhetorical features as the following except_. （ ）A. phonetic manipulation B. lexical manipulationC. literary expressions D. figures of speech 13. According to its grammatical functions, idioms can be classified into five groups. The idiom “heart and soul” belongs to _. （ ）A. idioms nomin
41、al in nature B. idioms adjectival in natureC. idioms verbal in nature D. idioms adverbial in nature14. The main body for a dictionary is _ of words. （ ）A. spellings B. pronunciationsC. definitions D. grammar15. Readers cant find pronunciation or meaning in _. （ ）A. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary
42、 English with Chinese TranslationB. The Encyclopedia AmericanaC. Chambers Encyclopedic English DictionaryD. Collins COBUILD English Language DictionaryII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10%)16. Affixes attached to the end of words to
43、 indicate grammatical relationships are known as _ morphemes.17. The chief function of _ is not to change the word class of the stem, but to change its meaning.18. “Pavement” in British English and “sidewalk” in American English have the same _.19. Red, scarlet, mauve, violet, lavender, pansy, black, purple, etc, make up the _field of colours.20. Some words can have two different types of antonyms at the same time, one being _ and the other oppositeIII. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1 ) types of