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1、【摘要】麦克白 是莎士比亚四大悲剧中的最后一部，也是 “一出最令人恐惧的悲剧。” 但与哈姆雷特中的克劳狄斯和奥塞罗中的伊阿古不同，麦克白在剧本的开端并非以一个十恶不赦的恶徒形象出现在观众面前，相反他是一个忠于君主，受人们爱戴的将军，而麦克白由一个忠诚的勇士变为一个罪恶累累的暴君，正是显示了人性在欲望诱使之下走向磨灭的过程。Being alien to Claudius in Hamlet 弗洛伊德的精神分析理论西格蒙德弗洛伊德（Sigmund Freud）Austrianstrin psychologist三个女巫的出现和她们的语言点燃了麦克白心中的欲望而当他面对正义justice和罪恶无从选
2、择的时候他的妻子进一步唤醒了他心底的欲望使他渐渐地走向罪恶, 麦克白不断的被“本我征服最终变成了“本我的俘虏Three witches prophecies ignited Macbeths desire primarily, and then Lady Macbeth fuelled it. Confronting with justice and sin, his careerism pushed him into the evil abyss. Sigmund Freud split the human psyche sak into three parts: the Id, Ego a
3、nd Super-Ego.西格蒙德弗洛伊德将人的精神分为三个部分：本我，自我和超我。 Shakespeare uses Macbeth to show the terrible effects that careerism and guilt can have on a man who lacks strength of character. We may classify Macbeth as irrevocably evil, but his weak character separates him from Shakespeares great villainsIago in Othel
4、lo, Richard III in Richard III, Edmund in King Learwho are all strong enough to conquer guilt and self-doubt. Macbeth, great warrior though he is, is ill equipped for the psychic consequences of crime.“四大悲剧”一般被认为是莎士比亚戏剧创作的顶峰忧愁王子哈姆雷特的复仇；常胜将In his four great tragedies, 军奥赛罗的深情善妒；悲情李尔王游走孤单的迟暮之旅；麦克白野心贪求非份的富贵权位。莎士比亚以其超凡的人事洞察力、精采的艺术感染力，开展世情百态的丰致画卷，引领世世代代的读者，共同细腻体味嗔、爱、痴、贪的人间风景。其悲剧“无常的、危险的、充满死亡，他所有的悲剧都不可避免地发展成灾难，这些悲剧都以主人公的死亡而告终”。然而是什么促使这些主人公出现悲剧性的结局呢？本文将用原型理论以贪婪可以灭绝人性和良知。Greed suffocates humanity and intuitive knowledge