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1、概要写作,CONTENTS,1,怎么理解概要？,概：（） 要：（） 概要：（）,概 要,概 括,要 点,概括要点,2,评卷老师怎么评？,1、本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。 2、评分时，先根据所写概要的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。 3、词数少于40的和多于80的，从总分中减去2分。,评分原则,4、评分时，应主要从以下四个方面考虑： (1)对原文要点的理解和呈现情况； (2)应用语法结构和词汇的准确性； (3)上下文的连贯性； (4)对各要点表达的独立性情况；,评分原则,5、拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个重要方面，评分时，应视其对于交际的
2、影响程度予以考虑。 6、如书写较差以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。,评分原则,3,考生怎么写概要？,概要怎么写？,一、从文体入手，分析文章结构，准确把握要点 注意区分事实和观点、重要和次要、普遍与特殊、相关与不相关、原因和结果等逻辑关系。 1. 记叙文：把握六要素who, when, what(event事件), how(process过程), why 2. 议论文：表明论点、论据、结论 3. 说明文：the topic-what, the reasons-why, the effects-how, the solutions(解决办法), the conclusion(结论),概要怎么写
3、？,二、明话题，定顺序，找中心句、高频词、连词，列提纲 根据文章写作顺序(时间、地点、原因), 对文章进行分段，找出各段的中心句和高频词以确定要点，再根据连词确定要点的主要和次要关系。最后根据抄写原文列出提纲。,二.确定要点：,三.重组要点：,四.连句成篇：,概要怎么写？,一.明确话题：,概要怎么写？,概要写作（满分25分） 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 Getting up early has been regarded as a good habit since ancient times. Many years ago, people thought that i
4、f we went to bed early and get up early, we would be energetic(充满活力的) the whole day. So, getting up early is of great importance to us all. In fact, morning is the best time of a day. In the morning, the air is the freshest and people are usually in the best conditions(条件). Many of us may have the e
5、xperiences that we memorize some things more quickly and accurately in the morning than any other time of the day.,概要怎么写？,If we do some morning exercise or only take a short walk in the morning, we can build our bodies and become much healthier. Also we will have enough time to make a plan and get r
6、eady for our work or study of the day if we get up early. However, if we get up late, we will probably have to do everything in a great hurry. Let us remember getting up early is a good habit and try our best to keep it. If we stick to getting up early every day, we will certainly benefit(受益) a lot
7、from it.,写概要!,一、判断文体：_ 二、明话题，定顺序，找高频词、连词、中心句，列提纲 话题：_ 顺序：_ 高频词:_ 连词:_ 中心句：_ 列提纲：_,议论文,Get up early,原因,getting up early,概要怎么写？,概要写作（满分25分） 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 Getting up early has been regarded as a good habit since ancient times. Many years ago, people thought that if we went to bed early and
8、 get up early, we would be energetic(充满活力的) the whole day. So, getting up early is of great importance to us all. In fact, morning is the best time of a day. In the morning, the air is the freshest and people are usually in the best conditions(条件). Many of us may have the experiences that we memoriz
9、e some things more quickly and accurately in the morning than any other time of the day.,概要怎么写？,If we do some morning exercise or only take a short walk in the morning, we can build our bodies and become much healthier. Also we will have enough time to make a plan and get ready for our work or study
10、 of the day if we get up early. However, if we get up late, we will probably have to do everything in a great hurry. Let us remember getting up early is a good habit and try our best to keep it. If we stick to getting up early every day, we will certainly benefit(受益) a lot from it.,概要怎么写？,分析： 论点：_ 论
11、据：_ _ _ 结论：_,Getting up early is a good habit and of great importance to people.,Memorize more quickly, build our bodies and become much healthier, have time to make a plan, get ready for work or study.,Getting up early can benefit us a lot,Getting up early is a good habit. And we attach great impor
12、tance to getting up early.原因, morning is the most valuable time of a day, so we can have physical training to keep healthy. Besides, getting up early can let us have enough time to program and prepare to finish doing our work or study of the day. In a word, we will benefit a lot from getting up earl
13、y.,It is important to get up early for people. In the morning, people can exercise their bodies through walking to keep healthy. Also, peoples memory will improve. Besides, people can make a good preparation/plan for themselves, so they will have enough time to do everything. In a word, getting up e
14、arly is beneficial to us.,Getting up early in the morning is a good habit and very important, because in the morning we can have a better memory, healthier bodies and better preparation for the day. In addition, morning exercise can help us keep healthy. So, it is beneficial to us.,范例,People attach
15、great importance to getting up early.(要点1) It enables them to have a better memory, healthier bodies and better preparation for the day.(要点2) If not, people will be busy doing everything. So insist on getting up early which is of great benefit to all people.(要点3),写概要!,一、判断文体：_ 二、分析：,说明文,Koalas are u
16、nhappy and complaining,Tourists hugging and taking photos,Being repeatedly awoken,Government bans the practice,Be more kind to animals,写概要!,Koalas are sad and complaining because of tourists hugging and taking photos, which makes them keeping awoken repeatedly. As a result, the government takes meas
17、ures to ban the practice. So we should be kind to animals.,第二节：概要写作,注意事项： 1. 涵盖所有要点（主要点+分要点） 2. 无语法错误 3. 有适当的连词，逻辑关系合理 4. 杜绝抄袭文中原句 5. 用第三人称 6. 客观：无个人观点，不写文中没有的句子 7. 准确：体裁，时态，顺序 8. 简洁：措词，避免重复,记叙文：who, when, what, how, why 议论文：论点，论据，结论 说明文：the topic-what, the reasons-why, the effects-how, the solutions, the conclusion,Thanks,