2020-2021年英语中考英语语法填空训练经典.docx

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1、2020-2021 年英语中考英语语法填空训练经典一、初三中考语法填空(含答案详细解析)1 下面短文,在空格 填入一个适当的 或使用括号中 的正确形式填空。Strangely enough,some inventionsare lost_ peoplecantimaginetheir_ ( valuable) . A use may need to be invented along with the invention. An exampleis thefax machine. The technologyfor faxing _ ( invent ) in the 1800s. Ittoo

2、k morethanone hundred years, however,for thefax to be seen as useful. In1843 AlexanderBaininvented amachine to_ ( electrical ) transmit ( )writing.Atfirst,itwasconsidered_ ( use) since fewpeoplethought therewas _ needfortransmitting writing over _(wire ) . Eventually the value of the invention was r

3、ealized,and it was improved _ office use. By the 1980s, the fax machine became a piece ofstandard _ ( equip ) in offices. The reason is _it can very quickly transmitwritten documents. Who knows how many other inventions just need to be recognized as valuable?【 答 案 】 because ; value ; was invented ;

4、electrically ; useless; a/any ; wires ; for ; equipment ; that【解析】 【分析】主要 了一些 明因 人 不能想象它 的价 而失去,列 真机器的 明来 明 点。( 1)句意:足 奇怪的是,因 人 不能想象它 的价 ,所以一些 明消失了。后句表示原因,所以用 because;形容 修物主代 修 名 ,their 它 的,形容 修物主代 ,所以后面用形容 valuable 的名 value,不可数名 ,故填because, value。( 2)句意: 真的科技在19 世 被 明。invent 明, ,主 technology 是 作inv

5、ent的 承受 者, 时态 是一 般 去 ,所 以用 一般 去 的 被 语态 , 构是was/were+ 去分 ,主 technology 是不可数名 ,所以用was, invent 的 去分 是 invented ,故填 was invented 。( 3)句意: 1843 年, 山大 恩 明了一种 子 文字的机器。electrical 子的,形容 ,副 修 ,transmit , ,所以用副 electrically , 子地,故填electrically 。( 4)句意:起初,它被 是无用的,因 很少有人 有必要通 文字。beconsidere 形容 ,表示被 怎么 ,固定搭配,根据后文

6、可知 真的作用后来才被 可,所以起初被 是无用的,use 使用, ,其形容 是useless,无用的;原因是很少人 有必要, few 表示否定,所以用 a/any ; wire , ,可数名 ,前面没有表示 数的 a 或者 one,所以用复数 wires,故填 useless;a/any ; wires。( 5)句意:最 , 明的价 得以 ,并被改 公用途。 了 公用途才被改 ,所以用 for , 了,故填 for。( 6)句意:到了20 世 80 年代, 真机已成 公室的 准 。equip ,装 , ,形容 修 名 ,standard , 准的,形容 ,所以用equip 的名 equipme

7、nt , ,不可数名 ,故填equipment 。( 7)句意:原因是它能很快地 送 面文件。the reason is that. ,原因是 ,固定搭配,故填that 。【点评】考查语法填空,考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意,首先读一遍,然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。2阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。A young man was on a train.As the trainturneda Corner, it slowed down and then_ house came into sight. The house loo

8、ked sodifferent from the grey Buildings of theCity _ everybody on the train turned to look at it. Some passengers _( begin)to talk about it.The young mas also _ ( interest ) in the house. He decided to get _ at thenext station and make his way to the house. The owner of the house told _( he) thathe

9、was trying to sell the house, But no one would Buy it, as the noise of the trains passing nearbymade it _ ( difficulty )to live in.The young man decided toBuy the house rightthen and there for $30, 000. He used it foradvertising, as the house faced the railway Bend (弯道) . The train had to slow down

10、at theBend, giving the passengers plenty of time to look at the house.The young man went to several Big _( company) and explained the advantages ofplacing advertisements on the side of the house. _ ( final ) , one Company agreed toplace some ads. The young man _ ( pay) $180, 000 for three years of a

11、dvertising.In this world, turning disadvantages into advantages is the key to success.【答案】a; that ;began; interested ; off; him ; difficult ; Companies; Finally ; was paid【解析】 【分析】本文讲述了一个年轻人以低价买了个地点很差的房子来高价做广告,为了告诉我们在这个世界上,将劣势转化为优势是成功的关键。(1)句意:当火车拐过一个拐角时,它慢了下来,然后一所房子浮现在眼前。house是以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词,其前用不定冠

12、词a 表示泛指,故填a。( 2)句意: 这座房子看起来与城市的灰色建筑如此的不相同以至于火车上的每个人都转过身去看它。 so.that. ,固定搭配,如此 .以至于 .,故填 that 。(3)句意:一些乘客开始谈论它。描述过去用一般过去时,begin是动词,它的过去式是began,故填 began。( 4 )句意:年轻的马斯也对这所房子感兴趣。be interestedin,固定搭配,对.感兴趣,故填interested 。( 5 )句意:他决定在下一站下车,然后朝房子走去。get off ,固定搭配,下车,故填off 。( 6)句意:房子的主人告诉他想卖掉房子,但是没有人会买,因为附近火车

13、的噪音使得住起来很困难。谓语动词told 后是宾语,宾格做宾语,him 是 he 的宾格,故填him 。( 7)句意:房子的主人告诉他想卖掉房子,但是没有人会买,因为附近火车的噪音使得住起来很困难。 make it+形容词 +to do,固定搭配, 使得做某事怎么样, difficulty 是名词,形容词是 difficult ,故填 difficult 。(8)句意:这个年轻人去了几家大公司,并解释了在房子旁边贴广告的好处。根据Big 是形容词并大写,可知前后是名词,大写,此处表示专有名词,several修饰名词复数,故填Companies 。( 9)句意:最后,一家公司同意投放一些广告。副

14、词谓语句首修饰全句,finally ,是介词,最后,故填Finally。(10)句意:他们给这个年轻人18 万美元做了三年的广告。此处表示大公司付给年轻人广告费,故此处是被动语态,描述过去用一般过去时,主语是man 第三人称单数,故助动词是 was,pay 的过去分词是paid,故填 was paid。【点评】考查语言综合运用能力,注意谓语的时态,语态,非谓语动词,词性,连词搭配等多种用法。3阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。An old man went to India. When he got there, he saw some fruit for

15、 sale, but most of it wasvery cheap. The _ ( cheap) thing has a basket of red fruit.How much per kilo? the old man _( ask) .Two rupees (卢比) , the shopkeeper answered. Two rupees in India is almost nothing,_ the old man bought a whole kilogram and started eating it.However, as soon as he started eati

16、ng, his mouth began _( burn ) , his eyes began towater, and his whole face became as red _ the fruit. As he coughed and struggled tobreathe, he jumped up and _, screaming: Ah! Ah! Ah!And yet he continuedto eat the fruit. Some people who were looking at him shook their_ ( head) and said, You are craz

17、y! Those are chili peppers (辣椒) !You cant just eatthem by the handful!The old man said to _ ( he) ,I paid for them, so I must eat them.This old man seemed prettystupid. But are we so much smarter? All of us have _( spend) money and time on something-maybe a relationship, or a business, or a job-ands

18、ometimes, even if we know theres no hope that things will change, we still continue with it.What we can learn _ the old man is this: if youve lost a lot over something thatdoesnt work, let it go and move on. Its better than continuing to lose.【答案】cheapest; asked; so; toburn/burning ; as; down ; head

19、s; himself ; spent ;from【解析】 【分析】文章大意: 篇短文主要 述了一个人因 便宜, 了一些根本不能作 水果的辣椒。 果因 舍不得自己花的那些 , 持把它 吃完的故事。从而告 我 放弃某些 西比 失要好。( 1)句意:最便宜的 西有一 子 水果。cheap,便宜。根据上文 句butmost ofitwas very cheap.提示可知,此句 用最高 ,故填cheapest。( 2)句意: “每公斤多少 ?”老人 。ask, ,由 句An old man went to India.提示可知此句要用一般 去 ,故填asked。( 3)句意:所以 位老人 了整整一公斤,

20、开始吃。 句the old man boughta wholekilogram and started eating it. 是 Two rupees in India is almost nothing, 的 果,故填so。( 4)句意:然而,他一开始吃 西,嘴巴就开始燃 。burn ,燃 ;固定 构begin to dosth,开始做某事,故填to burn/burning 。( 5)句意:整个 得像水果一 。固定 构as as,与 一 ,故填as。( 6)句意:他跳上跳下,尖叫着:“啊!啊! “啊! ”固定短 , jumpup and down ,跳上跳下,故填down 。( 7)句意:

21、有些人看着他, :“你 了! head, ,因前面some people ,要用复数形式,故填heads。( 8)句意:老人自言自 道:“我付了 ,所以我必 吃。”固定短 , say to oneself ,因主 是 he,故填 himself 。( 9)句意:我 所有人都把 和金 花在了一些事情上。spend,花 , 。因前面有助 have,其后要用 去分 ,故填spent 。( 10)句意:我 可以从 位老人身上学到的是。固定短 ,learn fromsb,向某人学 ,故填from 。【点 】考 法填空。通 全文理解大意,然后根据上下文或者所 的提示 所缺部分 行逐一解答。4 下面短文,在

22、空白 填入一个适当的 或填入括号中所 的正确形式。Friends are importantto everyone, _, some people may have trouble_( keep) their friendships. Here are some tips on how to make your friendship _( deep ) and stronger. Be yourself. A lot of teens try not to lose the friendship once they become friends with some people. Though

23、 your identity (身份) is always changing, some of your personality will stay pretty much _ same. Find out _ those things are, think hard about who youwant to be, and then show yourself _( honest ) to the people around you. Avoid gossip (八卦) . Friends shouldnt spread rumors( 言)about other friends. Ifyo

24、uve heard something bad about your friends, _( find ) a proper way of asking themabout it by _ ( you ) . If youre not sure how to talk to them about it, ask a trustedfriend for advice. Protect your friends. Very often, somebody that youre not close to doubts one of your_ ( friend ) . Its important t

25、o find out both sides of the story, but its also a good chanceto show your friend that you trust him by telling him. Return the care. There are times when a friend will lend you a textbook, or a shoulder to cry on. A good friend will cheer you up when youre in trouble and listen patiently when your

26、friend shares a problem _ you. Be sure you are as helpful as your friend, because he will take notice and feel good you.【答案】however ; keeping; deeper ; the; what ; honest; find ; yourself ; friends ; with【解析】 【分析】大意:文章主要提出了使友谊变得深厚、坚固的四个建议。( 1)句意:然而,有些人可能在保持友谊上有麻烦。根据上文Friends are importanttoeveryone

27、朋友对每个人都很重要,可知此处为转折,然而有些人可能在保持友谊上有麻烦,应用转折连词 however 。故答案为 however 。( 2)句意:有些人可能在保持友谊上有麻烦。根据固定搭配 have trouble doing sth. 有麻烦,可知此处应用动词 keep 的 ing 形式 keeping。故答案为 keeping。做某事( 3)句意:这里有一些在如何使你的友谊更深厚、更坚固的提示。根据并列形容词比较级 stronger 更坚固,可知此处应用形容词deep 的比较级 deeper 。故答案为 deeper 。( 4)句意:尽管你的身份总是在改变,你的一些性格基本上会保持一样。根

28、据形容词same,一样的,可知此处应填定冠词the 。故答案为the 。( 5)句意:找到那些东西是什么。根据宾语those things ,那些动词,可知应用疑问词what 。故答案为what 。( 6)句意:然后向你周围的人诚实地展示你自己。根据副词修饰动词,可知此处应用形容词 honest 的副词形式 honestly 修饰动词 show。故答案为 honestly 。( 7)句意:找到一个合适的方式问他们。根据下文If youre not sure how to talk to themabout it, ask a trusted friend for advice.如果你不确定如何

29、和他们讨论,问一个你信任的朋友要建议,可知此处应用动词原形引导祈使句表劝告。故答案为find 。( 8)句意:找到一个合适的方式自己问他们。根据固定搭配,by oneself ,自己,可知应用代词 you 的反身代词yourself ,故答案为yourself 。( 9)句意:某个你不亲近的朋友怀疑你的一个朋友。根据固定搭配,one of+ 可数名词复数 ,可知此处应填名词friend 的复数形式friends ,故答案为friends 。( 10)句意:当你的朋友和你分享一个问题。根据固定搭配,share sth. withsb.,和某人分享某物,可知此处应填介词with ,故答案为with

30、 。【点评】考查语法填空,注意根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形,同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。5语法填空Long long ago, there was a small village in the Middle East. In the village there was_oldman called Sthira. He lived by himself. His only son had gone far away to study. Sthiras friends_ ( wonder ) whether his son would return,_Sthira always said,

31、Whatever happens, happens for good.One day the old mans son returned and the villagers were very happy for Sthira. He thanked the villagers and said_ ( polite ) ,Whatever happens, happens for good. However, later,Sthiras son broke his_ ( leg) . Once again the villagers came to visit him and once aga

32、inthe old man thanked_ ( they ) and said, Whatever happens, happens for good. Someof the villagers were surprised_( hear ) this. Why? What was good? His sons leg gotbadly hurt!After a few days, the army came to the village and forced all the young men to_thearmy. When they found his son had a_( brea

33、k) leg, they left him behind. Once again,all the villagers came to congratulate him on his_( good) luck. Like always, the oldman was still thankful to them and said, Whatever happens, happens for good.【答案】an; wondered ;but ; politely ;leg; them ; to hear ; join ; broken ; good【解析】 【分析】文章大意:从前,在一个小村里

34、,有一个泰斯拉的老人,不管发生了什么他都认为是好事。( 1)句意:在一个村庄里有一个叫做泰斯拉的老人。man是单数,前面需要不定冠词,old是以元音音素开始的,因此使用an,故答案是an。( 2)句意:泰斯拉的朋友想知道他的朋友是否回来。根据句首的long long ago 可知句子为一般过去时,故答案是wondered 。( 3)句意:但是泰斯拉总是说“不管发生了什么,都是好事, ”朋友想知道他的儿子是否会回来,泰斯拉却说不管发生了什么都是好事,所以使用but 表示转折,故答案是but 。( 4 )句意:他感谢了村民们,然然后礼貌地说:“不管发生了什么,发生的都是好事。 ”polite修饰动

35、词said,因此使用副词politely ,故答案是politely 。( 5)句意:然而,之后,太势力的儿子摔断了腿。摔断的不可能是两条腿,应该是一条腿,因此使用单数形式,故答案是leg。( 6)句意:村民在一次来看忘了他,他再一次感谢了他们。they 做 thank的宾语,应使用宾格人称代词,故答案是them 。( 7)句意:一些村名听到后感到很吃惊。听到是吃惊的原因,应使用动词不定式做状语,故答案是 to hear 。( 8)句意:几天之后,军队来到村里,强迫年轻人参军。根据thearmy 可知是强迫参军, force sb. to do sth. 固定搭配, to 已经给出,因此使用动

36、词原形,故答案是join 。( 9)句意:当他们发现他的儿子有一条断腿的时候,他们就把他留下了。break 修饰leg,因此使用过去分词,故答案是broken 。( 10)句意:村民再次来祝她好运。 good 修饰 luck,没有任何比较,所以使用原级,故答案是 good。【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然后细读文章,字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍,检查验证。6阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个适当的词,要求所填的词意义准确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。When I was in t

37、he middle school, I got into an argument with a boy in my class. The teacher_( decide ) to teach us a very important lesson.She brought us up to the front of the _ kla:sru:mand placed him on one side of herdesk and_on the other. In the middle of her desk was a large, round object. I could_( hard )se

38、e that it was black. She asked the boy what color the object was. White,he_ a:nsa ( r) dI couldnt_b ?li?v he said the object was white, when it was clearly black! Anotherargument started between my classmate and me, this time about the_of the object.The teacher told me to stand where the boy was sta

39、nding and told him to come stand where I had been. We changed_ (place) , and now she asked me what the color of the object was. I had to answer, White.It was an object with two differently colored sides, and from his viewpoint (视角) it was_. Only from my side it was black.I have always remembered the

40、 lesson I learned that day. Sometimes we need to look at the problem from the other _(person) viewpoint in order to truly understand his/her view.【答案】decided ; classroom ; me; easily; answered ; believe ; color ; places; white ;persons【解析】 【分析】本文介绍了作者明白的认识道理,我们需要从别人的角度来看待问题,以便真正理解他的观点。( 1)句意:老师决定给我们

41、上一节很重要的课。根据When I was in the middle school可知时态是一般过去时, 故填decided 。( 2 )句意:她把我们带到教室前面根据,定冠词the后是名词,kla:sru:m是classroom,教室,是名词,故填classroom。( 3)句意:让他在桌子的一边,我在另一边,在她的桌子中间有一个很大的圆形物体。此处是 placed 的并列宾语,故用宾格,此处指代作者,故用第一人称单数,me,是代词,我,故填me。( 4)句意:我很容易看出它是黑色的。根据it was black可知这个结果是很显然的,故此处是轻松地,副词修饰动词,hard ,是副词,困难

42、地,easily ,是副词, 故填 easily。( 5)句意: “白色, ”他回答。描述过去用一般过去时, a:nsa ( r) danswered,是动词过去式 ,故填 answered。( 6)句意:我真不敢相信他说那东西是白色的。根据,couldnt是情态动词,其后是动词原形, b ?li?v believe,是动词,相信,故填believe。( 7)句意:另一个争论开始于我和我的同学之间,这次是关于物体的颜色。根据上下文的白色和黑色可知,是谈论颜色,the 定冠词后是名词, color,是名词,故填 color 。( 8)句意:我们换了地方。此处缺少宾语,故是名词,表示彼此的位置,是复数,place是名词,故填places。( 9)句意:这是一个两面颜色不同的物体,在他看来是白色的。系动词is 后是形容词,根据上文我

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