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1、最新 料推荐人教版英 修六第四 元知 点U4( 修六 )Language points-reading 11.depend on/ upon+ n 依靠 ,依 , 确 (坚 )信You can t depend on your parents forever.depend on/upon+sb.+to do 指望某人做 You can t depend on him to come on time.depend on/upon +it +that指望. .You may depend on it that he will come.depend on/upon +wh- 从句Whether y
2、ou can pass the exam depends on howhard you work.That (all) depends./ it all depends. ( 口 ) 情况而定，I may help you. But that/ it depends.2. light1)n. 光 ,线 ,灯2)v.照亮 ,点燃He lit a match.他划着了一根火柴。A smile of triumph lit up her face.她的 上 耀着 利的微笑。The match lights easily. 火柴容易划着3)adjThe suitcase is very light.
3、（ 的）There was a light rain falling.He is a light sleeper. 他睡不沉。（易醒的）3. heat v. / heat up 是某物 或 暖heated adj. 的激烈的heated debate, heated discussionheatedly adv. 怒地激昂地heater 加 器 器4.consume v.- consumer (n.).1 消耗 ,花 ; 耗尽She consumed most of her time in reading.2 吃完 ,喝光The kids soon consumed all the food
4、on the table. 孩子 一会儿功夫便把桌上的食品全部吃光。3 使全神 注 ,使着迷 +withThe boy was consumed with curiosity.那男孩充 好奇心。5.as as one can = as as possiblePlease come here as soon as possible.= Please come here as soon as you can.as many as 多达as long as 达 ,只要as far as 至 ,就 而 as well as 和 一 好 ,也 ,和as early as 早在6. 比：1最新 料推荐Ou
5、r food supply has given out.His money soon ran out.We are running out of our time.I have run out of my oil.All his savings have been used up.7.Trap vt. / n. 住圈套Sand and leaves trapped the water in the stream.They finally trapped the mouse in a cage. 最后，他 用 子把老鼠逮着了。The police set a trap for the thiev
6、es.She was trapped in the burning house.8.keep .from .stop . (from).prevent (from).You should clean your room to keep it from getting dirty.你 打 房 以保持干 。Keep doing 继续keep out 住使 不去keep up with跟上9 What do you think green house gases do?你 温室气体有什么作用呢? 本句中 think 后接了一个由what 引 的 从句。但 注意的是：特殊 从句即当一般疑 句主句的 是
7、think, believe， suppose，consider, imagine， guess 和 suggest 等 ，表疑 的 要放在主句前即句首。例如： 正 Who do you think will win in the game? 误 Do you think who will win in the game?当然一般情况下 从句的疑 放在主句之后，例如： 误 Why do you know we cant cut down the big tree? 正 Do you know why we cant cut down the big tree?when compared to
8、other natural changes 是一个省略的 状 从句，其完整的形式 是When it is compared to;在 、地点、条件、方式或 步状 从句中，如果从句和主句 同一主 ，或者从句的主 是 it, 而且从句中的 be 或含有助 be，可省略主 和 be 如：If (it is) so, you must get back and get it. Although (he was) criticized, he still worked hard.He hurt his legs badly when (he was) playing parecompare to/ wi
9、th:与 相比Compared to/with many women, she was indeed very pare A with B ：相比（不同）If you compare her work with his, you will findhers is much pare A to B ：把 A 比作 BPoets have compared sleep to death.A teachers work is often compared to a candle.The poet compares his lover to a rose in his poems.Compared t
10、o ten years ago, the carbon dioxide content over this decade has gone up rapidly.Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is compared to the glass of greenhouse.Compared with is similar to2最新 料推荐People often compare teachers to gardeners. 人 常把老 比做园丁。That probably doesn t sound very much to youme orbut it is
11、 a rapid pared to most natural changes与大多数的自然 化相比e about: 生 =happen(无被 ）1 This situation should never have come out.2 How did it come about that he had his leg hurt? 他的腿 着了， 是怎么 生的？3 This has not come about overnight. 冰 三尺，非一日之寒Take place 事件的 生有某种原因或事先的安排：The Olympic Games of 2008 took place inBeiji
12、ng.Happen 偶然或突 性事件：what happened to you?I happened to see him on my way home= It happened that I saw him on my way home.Occur 生或想到，突然想起，意 生 =happen: what has occurred?I occurred to me that she didn t know I had moved into the new house.Come about 事情 生了，但 不知道 什么。常用于否定和疑 When mother woke up, she didn
13、t know what had come about.Break out 常指 争灾 疾病争吵事件的 生come into being 形成Come into power/office当 /当 Come into force/effect开始生效Come out 出版 , 果 come across偶遇come to 共 ， 醒When it comes to 涉及Come up with 提出Come up 在空中出 ，Come along, 展，跟随come true 成真12.There is no doubt that毫无疑. .There is no doubt that he ca
14、n come on time.doubt 的 从句 ,肯定句 whether / if / that否定句 thatHe doubted whether they would be able to help.He never doubted that they would win the game.beyond / without doubt无疑地It is human activity that原句： My teacher did the experiment in the lab yesterday morning with me. 主 ： It was my teacher that d
15、id the experiment in the lab yesterday morning with me.强调宾语It was the experiment that my teacher did in the lab yesterday morning with me. 状 It was yesterday morning that my teacher did the experiment in the lab with me. 地点状 It was in the lab that my teacher did the experiment yesterday morning with
16、 me. 方式状 It was with me that my teacher did the experiment in the lab yesterday morning.not untilI didn t realize she was a famouslm fistar until she took off her dark glasses.It was until she took off her dark glasses that I didn t realize she was错) a famous film star.(It was not until she took off
17、 her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.( 对 ) 句的一般疑 句句型：Is/Was+被 大的部分+that/who/whom+ 句子的其他部分？3最新 料推荐特殊疑 句 句句型的构成：特殊疑 +be+it+that+ 句子的其他部分（用 述 序）例如：Did he help you with your English study last week?Was it he that helped you with your English study last week?When did you receive t
18、he gift?When was it that you received the gift?13random 随意的胡乱的随机的/ randomlyat random 任意地随便地14. phenomenon (sing.) phenomena (pl.) the phenomena of nature 自然 象a social phenomenon 社会 象15.Subscribe vi.Vt.Subscribe to 同意 同，支持 名I subscribe to your opinion completely.( 同意 同 )I subscribe to a week ly women
19、 s magazine（ 志）She subscribes to a society which helps to protect animals( 定期捐款）16Without the green house effect，the earthwould be about thirty-three degrees Celsius coolerthan it is. 如果没有温室效 ，地球会比 在冷33 是一个含蓄虚 条件句=If there were no “ greenhouse effect ”the, earth would be about thirty-three degrees C
20、elsius cooler than it is.But for electricity (= If there were no electricity)，there would be no modem industry 要是没有 ，就不会有 代工 。He was having a meeting with his students ； otherwise he would have come.他当 正与他的学生 行 ，否 的 他就来帮我 了。He felt very tired yesterday, or he would have attended the party 他昨天很累 , 不然
21、他就参加那个聚会了。17. add v. add up 加起来add up to 合 达add to 增加If you add 4 to 3 , you get 7Add up these figures, please.18. quantity1) He likes reading and always buys books in quantity.他喜 , 是成批地 。2)He prefers quality to quantity when food is concerned.在吃的方面，他重 而不重量3A large quantity of air-conditioners has b
22、een sold since the temperature began to rise.自从气温升高，大量的空 已 被 出去了。a large quantity of/large quantities of; 大量的 ， 多的 in quantity; 成批地，大量地a large quantity of/large quantities of之后接可数或不可数名 。注意 :a large quantity of 作主 ， 用 数形式。 large quantities of 作主 ， 都用复数Quantities of food were on the table.4不定式短 也可以置于句
23、尾，有 前面加之外的或事与愿 的 果例如：最新 料推荐Huge quantities of CO2 are added to the atmosphere.Huge quantities of fossil fuels are burned to produce energy.As a result of burning fossil fuels, a large of carbon dioxide _ added to the atmosphere.A. number; isB. quantity; isC. number; areD. quantity; are19.It means th
24、at more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up. 就意味着更多的 量被困在大气 中，从而引起全球气温上升。causing 在分 短 置于句尾，通常和句子隔开，作 果状 。 在分 作 果状 ，表示正常的 果His father died, leaving him a lot of money and a big company.only,在句子中作 果状 ，但往往表示出乎意料He hurried to the station, only to fin
25、d that th train had left already.20. Tend- tendency vt.照 ， 理She is tending (to) a very sick patient.（她在 理一位重病人。）There is a farmer tending his sheep.vi. tend to 易于，往往会； 向于When I m tired, I tend to make mistakes.He tends to get angry when people oppose his opinion.She went up (to Cambridge) in 1977. (
26、 英 )上大学Cigarettes are going up (in price).上 New office blocks are going up everywhere. 建造起盖起The whole building went up in flames. 被 (炸 )毁When are you next going up to Scotland? 北上 格 Unemployment has gone up again. 增加The curtain goes up on a suburban living-room. ( 舞台幕布 )拉起We re going up to London ne
27、xt weekend. 城go up in smoke 化 有go by 经过go in for参加go through ，遭到go on 前 22. result in 致 , 造成 =lead toThe accident resulted in three people being killed.The accident _ the death of two passengers.A. resulted fromB. resulted inC. resulted ofD. resulted withresult from:起因于，因 23.Most citizens opposed th
28、e new tax. 大部分市民反 新税。 2)The mother opposed her daughter s going there alone 位.母 反 她女儿一个人去那儿3)I m strongly opposed to your plan我. 决反 你的 划。4)His daughter is very athletic, as opposed to his son, who is very clever.他的女儿擅 运 ，他的儿子却擅 ，两人形成 明的 比。5最新 料推荐oppose sth 反 某事；oppose doing sth 反 干某事be opposed to st
29、h./doing sth.反 as opposed to(介 )与 照下表示 “反 ”的短 ：say no to 不，拒 ，反 ；be against 反 ，不同意；object to (doing)sth. 反 ， ；object that 提出异 。例如：Can you explain why you said no to my offer? 你能否解 一下 什么拒 我的帮助？They objected that the schedule was too tight. 它 工作 度表太 提出异 。24. 1)The rise in lung cancers was a consequenc
30、e of cigarette smoking. 肺癌的增 是吸烟造成的 果。2) I m afraid you恐你re怕ill是.病了吧 It s of no consequence不要.紧 3） As a consequence of a great fire the house was completely destroyed. 由于大火，房子被 底 坏了。4)Who should answer for the consequence of the accident. 起事故 ？be of no/little/great/much +consequence 不 /非常重要as a cons
31、equence (of )=in consequence (of 果)（是 ），由于 take the consequence of 承担 任answer for the consequences 对 后果 。句子改写1)He hadn t enough money to pay our bus fare, so they had to walk there.=He hadn t enough money to pay our bus fare, and in _they had to walk there.2)Is the experiment very important to you?=
32、Is the experiment _ _ _ to you?in consequenceofgreat consequence25. mildadj.1) 温和的 ,温柔的He is the mildest man alive.他是世上最和善的人了。2) 温暖的 ,暖和的Its been a mild winter this year.今年的冬天一直很暖和。3) 味淡的 ,不 烈的Please make my drink a mild one. 把我的酒 得淡一点。4) 微的 ,不重的 ; 大的He was given a mild punishment.他被从 落。26. state-st
33、atementThe witness stated that she had never seen Mr. Smith 述 ; 声明 ; 明Ice is the solid state of water . 形 In china, the railway are owned by the state. 国家 ,政府6最新 料推荐There are 50 states in AmericaEverything was in a state of disorder. 状 The president has made an important statement about the matter.s
34、tate 是常用 ，只人或物所 的外表、心理、健康及所 的情形等方面的情况，但不如condition 具体，只用作 数形式。The house was in a dirty state.condition 是常用 ， 1 用作 数形式， 表示人或物目前所 的真 具体状 ，尤指内在状 ，可与 state 替用； eg. be in poor/good condition2用作复数形式 ， 地表示一般状 。eg. poor working conditionssituation 是一般用 ，尤指 于某 期的状况， 境，局面，形 。指各种具体情况 合起来的状 ，多指危急或重大的事 ， 外部因素 事
35、的影响，常用作 数形式。 eg.find oneself in an embarrassing situationposition 1 有利的状况（如 争中或 争中的） 2 (尤作 数 ) 境，情 （尤指影响某人行 的能力） eg.I am not in a position to help you. 我帮不了你。27. range1)排列 , 将 .排成行 The cards were ranged in alphabetical order.2 )(在一定范 内) 化the frontier ranges from the northern hills to the southern co
36、ast The prices of the pens range from $5-$100.3) It s beyond the rangemyof ability.4) I came within my range of vision.5) he has a wide range of knowledge. beyond the range of 超出 范 within the range of 在 范 内range from A to B范 从 A 到 B28.1)The clouds are building up. 云彩在聚集2)You need more protein to bui
37、ld you up.增 体 , 身健体。3)She s built up a very successful business逐.步建立4)The singer has been built up into a good success.吹捧， 5)I m very glad to see that your vocabulary is gradually building up. 逐 增 6)Hard working conditions build up character. (喻 )能磨 人的性格29. even if /thoughI wouldnt tell you even if
38、I knew.Even if she survives, shell never fully recover.Even though hes 24 now, hes still like a little child.I can still remember, even though it was so long ago.30. steady-steadily 平 的，持 的，可靠地， 固的He has made a steady decisionThere has been a steady increase in car production in the past 6 months.Zh
39、ang Feng is a steady young man.Please keep the ladder steady.We drove at a steady speed.A steady job/income 定的工作 /收入A steady worker 可靠的工人7最新 料推荐Steady rain 的雨31. tendency 向趋势She has artistic tendencies. 她有 气 。There is a growing tendency for people to work at home instead of in offices.Mary is nice b
40、ut she has a tendency to talk too much.有 向 ; +to/towardHe has a tendency towards pessimism. 他有悲 的 向。Bob has a tendency to exaggerate things. 勃有 夸 的 向。Trendtendencycurrent: 些名 均含“ ， 向 ”之意。trend: 指事物 展 的方向、 向或 。Arecent trend in literature, fashion trendtendency: 指固有或 得的 向性， 没有外来的影响或干 。current: 指向某一方面
41、展或在确 向中行 32. widespread 分布广的，普遍的The forests are widespread in our country.我 的国家森林分布很广。The new laws gained widespread acceptance.Their suggestion met with widespread disagreement 普遍的There was a widespread belief in his innocence33.on the whole 的来 ；从 体上看On the whole ,he is a good boy.The weather this
42、month has been cold on the whole.On the whole, I m in favor of the idea.The paper is well written on the whole.34. averageabove the average 在一般水平以上 , 中上 ; 在平均数以上below the average 在一般水平以下, 中下 ; 在平均数以下on average平均 , 按平均数 算; 一般地 on an average平均 , 按平均数 算; 一般地 The average of 4, 8, and 60 is 24.(N)4、8 和 60 的平均数是24。平均；平均水平adjWhat is the average rainfall for August in your country?The averag