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1、制药工程专业英语Unit 1production of drugs P1单词Compound 化合物 intermediate 中间产物 alkaloids 生物碱 enzymes酶 peptide 肽 hormones 荷尔蒙 modification 修饰 chloramphenicol 氯霉素 metabolites 代谢物 substitute 替代品 derivative衍生物 active 活性 absorption 吸收 extraction 提取Recombinant 重组 insulin 编码 neuroactive 神经活性 start materials 起始原料 rec
2、rystallization 重结晶 methanol 甲醇Ethanol 乙醇 isopropanol 异丙醇 butanol 丁醇 benzene 苯翻译Known examples are the enzymatic cleavage of racemates of N-acetyl-D, L-amino acids to give L-amino acids, the production of 6-aminopenicillanic acid from benzylpenicillin by means of penicillinamidase and the aspartase-c
3、atalysed stereospecific addition of ammonia to fumaric acid in order to produce L-aspartic acid.著名的例子是对N-乙酰-D，L-氨基酸消旋给予L-氨基酸酶裂解，从青霉素生产8-氨基青霉烷酸的青霉素酰胺酶手段和天冬氨酸酶，催化氨立体除了富马酸为了酸生产L-天门冬氨酸。Reading material 1 p7Antagonist 抑制剂 receptor 受体 clinical investigation 临床研究antibacterial抗菌的 inhibition 抑制 mercurial 水银
4、prescription 处方 antibiotics 抗生素 receptor blockers 受体阻断剂 enzyme mhibitors 酶抑制剂 chemotherapeutic 化学治疗 dominate 占主导 Unit 3 chemotherapy: an introduction P29单词chemotherapy化学治疗 superstition 迷信 pathogenic 致病的 Distribution 分布 selectively 选择性 phenol 酚类 alkylate 烷基化 Aniline 苯胺 antibacterial 抗体 resistant stra
5、ins 耐药菌株 vitro 体内翻译The activity of the arsenical drugs is explained as due to a blocking of essential thiol groups.For example, lipoic acid dehydrogenase contains two cysteine molecules, while are kept near each other by folding of the molecule. As a result, an arsenical can react with these thiol g
6、roups and inactivate the molecule, as show in equation.对含砷药物活性被解释为由于阻塞必不可少的巯基。例如，硫辛酸脱氢酶包含两个半胱氨酸分子，同时保持彼此邻近的分子折叠。作为一个结果，砷能与这些硫醇基团的反应和失活的分子，如显示方程。The antimony ions are believed to combine with the mercapto groups of the microorganisms phosphofructokinase. In the host, this enzyme is apparently suffici
7、ently different that as antimony does not react to the same degree . This inhibition of phosphofructokinase results in accumulation of fructose-6-phosphate. As a result, a major source of energy is denied the infecting organism.锑离子被认为是结合微生物的磷酸果糖激酶巯基。在主机中，这种酶显然是足够不同的，锑不相同程度的反应。这种抑制导致积累果糖-6-磷酸果糖激酶。作为一
8、个结果，一个主要的能量来源是否认的感染有机体。Unit 6 isolation of caffeine from tea P68单词Caffeine 咖啡因 tannin 丹宁 gallic acid 五倍子酸cellulose纤维素glucose葡萄糖chloroform氯仿beaker烧杯crystallization结晶purification纯化apparatus仪器filterpaper滤纸hydroxylgroup羟基carboxylgroup羧基benzene苯acetone丙酮evaporation蒸发insoluble不溶的condensation冷凝residue残留物翻译
9、Tannins are usually divided into two classes: those which can be hydrolyzed and those which cannot. Tannins of the first type which are found in tea generally yield glucose and gallic acid when they are hydrolyzed.丹宁通常分为两类：那些可以水解和那些不能。第一种丹宁酸在茶叶中发现的一般产生葡萄糖和没食子酸在水解时。填空The active ingredient that makes
10、tea and coffee valuable to man is caffeine. Caffeine is an alkdoids, a class of naturally occurring compounds containing nitrogen and having the properties of an organic amine base.Place 35g of ground coffee , a boiling stone , and 125ml of water into a 500ml three neck round bottom flask equipped w
11、ith a condenser for refux. Stopper the unused openings in the flask and heat the mixture under reflux for about 20 minutes. Use a Bunsen burner to heat .During the heating period, assemble a vacuum filtration apparatus. When boiling action has stopped and the coffee grounds have settled somewhat, bu
12、t while the solution is still hot, filter the solution through a funnel by vacuum filtration.回答问题1. What kinds of drugs can be slit into according to the origin?Depending on their production or pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups: 1.Totally synthetic material. 2. Natural products. 3
13、. Products from partial syntheses.2. Please illustrate approaches for drug discovery .These are :natural products, existing drugs, screens and physiological transmitters.3. What are the components in the tea?Caffeine , cellulose, tannin4. What is the different between two kinds of tannin ?Those whic
14、h can be hydrolyzed and those which cannot.5. How to isolate caffeine from tea?Place25gofdrytealeaves,25gofcalciumcarbonatepowder,and250mlofwaterina500mlthreeneckroundbottomflaskequippedwithacondenserforreflux.Heatingthemixtureunderrefluxforabout20minutes.Whilethesolutionisstillhot,filteritbygravitythroughaflutedfilter.Usingaseparatoryfunnel,extractittwice.Assembleanapparatusforsimpledistillationandremovethechloroformbydistillation.Theresidueinthedistillationflaskcontainsthecaffeine.