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1、2012 届高考英语常考语法点It 用法预览it是近年来高考的热点之一。它不仅可以指代时间、地点、天气、距离等，还可以作形式主语和形式宾语，同时还可以用于强调句结构中。下面我们一块来扫描一下它的主要用法，希望能对同学们有所帮助。考点一、 it作代词时的用法1用作代替前文提到的事，例如：The snake is not a warm blooded animal. It s a cold blooded one.My mother bought a pen and it was made in Japan.2用以代替指示代词，例如：-What s this ? - It s a book. -这
2、是什么？-这是一本书。3起指示代词的作用，指一个人或事物，例如：-Who s knocking at the door ? - Its me .4 指时间、季节、天气、距离、环境等，例如：Its very cold outside. Put on more clothes.It is seven oclock now.It is twenty miles from here to our school.5. 替代词“ it, one 与 that ”区别和联系it用来指代前面提到的同一个事物或人；one 用来指代前面同名异物的名词,指的是同类中的一个，所以属于泛指，相当于“a/an+ 名词”。
3、 one 只能代替可数名词，其复数形式是ones；that用来指代前面同名异物的名词，指的是同类中的一个，属于特指，相当于“the+ 名词”。that既能代替不可数名词，也能代替可数名词，其复数形式是those 。Do you need my pen? No, thanks, I have got one. (= a pen)The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai. (= the weather不可数名词 )考点二、引导词it的用法1 作形式主语，当动词不定式、动名词或从句作主语时，通常把它们放在谓语之后，而用it作句子的形
4、式主语。常见的句型有下面几种：1) Its+ 名词 / 形容词 +不定式。例如：It is easy to do the job.Its his duty to settle the problem.2)Its +名词 +动名词短语。例如：Its no use asking him.Its no good going there.3)Its+ 过 去 分 词+ 名 词 性 从 句。 常 用 于 该 句 型 的 过 去 分 词 有 :said,told,reported,known,suggested,hoped,expected等。例如：Its said that he came from L
5、ondon.Its reported that the president will come to visit our school.Its not decided when we shall have our sports meet.4)Its +名词 / 形容词 +名词性从句Its a pity that you cant go with them.Its certain that he will attend the meeting.Its no wonder why he was late.2. it 用作形式宾语。不定式、动名词短语或名词性从句作宾语时，如果后面带有宾语补足语，常用
6、 it 作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语后面。例如：用心爱心专心- 1 -He found it very difficult to stop smoking.The professor thinks it no good reading without understanding.I have made it clear that nobody is allowed to smoke here.考点三、 it用作强调时的用法用于强调结构，要强调句子的某一部分（通常是主语、状语、宾语）可以把it当作先行词，这种句子的结构是：“ It is (was) +被强调的部分 + that(wh
7、o )+可用 who代替 that 。在这种结构中， it 不可用 It was I who / that meet an old friend of my father句子其余部分” 。如果强调的主语部分是人， this 或 that 替代。例如：s in the street yesterday.( 强调主语 )It was an old friend of my father s that I met in the street yesterday. (强调宾语 )It was yesterday that I met an old friend of my father s in th
8、e street. (强调时间状语，注意不可用when 代替 that)It was in the street that I met an old friend of my father s yesterday.（强调地点状语，注意不可用where 代替）注意：下面两个句子第一个句子是时间状语从句，要用when；第二个句子是强调句式，要用 that 。It was Dec. 18th when she was born.她出生那天是12 月 18 日。It was on Dec.18th that she was born.她是 12 月 18 日出生的。【高考链接】1. 一 Have yo
9、u heard the latest news?一 No，what _ ？A is itBis thereC are theyDare those2. _ felt funny watching myself on TV.A. OneB. ThisC.ItD. That3.He didn t make_clear when and where the meeting would be held.A.thisB.thatC.itD.these4.It is not who is right but what is right _is of importance.A.which B.it C.th
10、at D.this5.In my opinion, life is the twenty-first century is much easier than _A that used to beB it is used toC it was used toD it used tobe6. There isstilla copy of the book inthe library.Wall you go and bottow_?No, Id rather buy_in the bookstore.A.it;oneB.one;oneC.one;itD.it;it7. Thank you for j
11、oining in our conversation tonight _ .A It s my dutyB. Its all rightCIt smypleasureDIt s nice to say so8._ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger,more prosperous economy.A. AsB. ThatC. ThisD. It用心爱心专心- 2 -9.As the busiestwoman in Norton,she made _ her duty tolookafter
12、allthe otherpeople s affairs in that town.A. thisB. thatC. oneD. it10.Itwas afterhe got what he had desired_ he realizeditwas not so important.A. thatB. whenC. sinceD. as11. _that he managed to get the information ? Oh, a friend of his helped him.A. Where was it B. What was it C. How was it D. Why w
13、as it 12.I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have _.A. it B. those C. them D. one13. Do you like_ here? Oh, yes. The air, the weather , the way of life. Everything is so nice. A. this B. these C. that D. it14.If I can help_, I dont like working late into the night.A.soB.thatC.itD. them15.I d appreciate _ if you wouldlike to teach me how to use the computer.A. thatB. itC. thisD. you1 5 A C C C D6 10 A C D D A 11 15 C D D C B用心爱心专心- 3 -