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1、（一）状语从句概述定义状语从句用作状语，是起副词作用的句子。位置状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，时间、条件、原因和让步状语从句放在句首时需要用逗号和主句隔开。分类根据其作用可以分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、让步、方式和比较等状语从句。作用它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语和整个句子。（二）状 从句 解1. 状 从句引 用法when意 “当 的 候”。When引 从句的 可以是延 性 ，也可以是瞬 。并且when 有 表示“就在那 ”while意 “在 的 候，在 的同 ”。While 引 从句的 必 是延 性的， 生 ，并 主句和从句的 作同 生（或者相 ）。While有
2、 可以表示 比。示例A liar is not believed when hespeaks the truth. 者 真 也没有人相信。When he arrives , I ll call you. When you laugh and smile, your body relaxes.While I was standing at the window, I saw several boys running along the street.While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.as意 “一 一 ”。As 引 的 作是延 性的，
3、 生 短，一般用于主句和从句 作同 生； as 也可以 一前一后。after意 “在 之后”。表示主句 作 生在从句 作之后。主句与从句的 作 关系与 before 引 的从句相反。before意 “在 之前”。引 的从句不用 否定形 式的 ，并且当 before 引 的从句位于主句之后，有 成“就，才”。当主句用将来 ，从句 是用 在 ；如果 before 引 的从句 用的是 去 ， 主句动词 多用 去完成 ， 以便体 作的先后。till意 “直到”。一般情况下可以和 until 互 。如果主句中的 是瞬 ，必 用否定形式；如果主句中的 是The writer was angry as he
4、 was travelling on a train to London because someone had invaded his “ space ”.He smiled as he stood up.With many hungry visitors waiting, donstay too long at your table after you have finished.If an early exit is necessary, you can leave after a scene is over.You can t watch TV before you finish yo
5、ur homework.Before it ended, the theatre was almost empty.My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.She didn event know that it was an earthquake till she saw a shaking ( moving from side to side) light.The fireman worked very hard延 性 ，用肯定和否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。until意 “直到”。在 句型中多用 unti
6、l 。如果主句中的谓语动 词 是瞬 时动词 ，必 用否定形式；如果主句中的 是延 性 ，用肯定和否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。since意 “自从，从 以来”。引 从句的 可以是延 性的 ，也可以是瞬 。一般情况下，从句 用一般 去 ，而主句的 用 在完成 。但在 It is + 时间 +since 从 句的 句型中，主句多用一般 在 。as soon as意 “一 就”。引 状 从句 ，如果主句用了将来 ，从句一般使用 在 。till the fire was out.I mwaiting for my sister. I won tgo to see my uncle until sh
7、e comes.Wait until I finish what I am doing.I have been studying hard since I entered the high school.It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing.It is five years months since our boss was not in Beijing.Tom will call me as soon as he gets home.I will call you as soon as I arrive.2.地点状 从句引 用法w
8、here意 “哪里”。“where 引 的地点状 从句，（there+）示例Where there is a will, there is a way.主句”“哪里 哪里就 ”。主句在从句后面 ，there可用可不用；主句在从句的前面 ，一般都不用there.wherever意 为 “ 无 论 何 地 ”。 anywhere/wherever 引 导 地点 状 语 从 句 + 主 句 。 anywhere 本身是个副 ，但是常可以引 从句，相当于 ，意思相当于 wherever, anywhere 引 的从句可位They were good persons. Where they went,
9、there they were warmly welcomed.You should have put the book where you found it.Wherever the sea is, you will find seaman.I ll go anywhere you go.于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。而 wherever 本身就是个 ，表示“在何 ，无 何 ”。3.条件状 从句引 用法示例if ，意 “假如，如果”。Don t talkloudly at the当主句是将来 的 候，meeting. Ifyou do, you will从句要用一般 在 。have to
10、leave.We ll go for a picnic if itdoesn t rain this weekend.unless ，意 “除非（ =ifDon t discuss the problemsnot）。当主句是将来 的with your partner unless you 候，从句要用一般 在are asked to do so. 。I won t go there unless youcome with me.4.原因状语从句引导词用法as意为“因为”。引导原因状语从句时表示附带。说明“双方已知的原因” ，语气比 since 弱，较为正式，位置较为灵活（常放于主句之前）。si
11、nce意为“因为”。引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之前表示已知的、显然的理由（通常被翻译成“既然”），较为正式，语气比because弱。because意为“因为”。引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之后，表述直接原因，语气较强，最适合 why 引导的疑问句。 Because 引导的原因状语从句有时可以与because of短语互换。for意为“因为”。引导的原因状语从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提示例As the weather is cold, I stay at home.As it is raining, you dbetter take a taxi.As you are tire
12、d, you dbetter rest.Since the earth looks like a ball, the sun can shine on only half of it at a time.Since the race is in April, I had to run throughout the winter, and in Boston, winters are cold. Since everybody is here. Lets begin our meeting.The woman prefers winter because she can skate.I d li
13、ke to collect stamps because they are interesting.I m very tired these days because of studying physics.He can t come because he is ill.= He can t come because of his illness.He must be ill, for he is absent today.供一些 助性的 充 明，for 引 的原因状 从He could not have seen me, for I was not there.句只能放于主句之后，并且必 用
14、逗号将其与主句隔开。5.目的状 从句引 用法示例so that意 “以至，以便” 。目Try to speak loud enough so that的 状 语 的 谓 语 常 含 有people can hear you clearly.may, might, can, could,Mr. Green speaks very loudly soshould, would 等情 that all the people can hear him 。clearly.in order意 “ 了”，相当于 soWe shall let you know thethatthat. in order to
15、 后面可以details soon in order that you跟 原形构成目的状can/may make a arrangements. ，不是目的状 从句。6. 果状 从句引 用法示例so that意 “如此 以至于 ”。This year it has rained soso+ adj./adv.原 +that, so是heavily in South China that副 ，只能修 形容 和副lots of problems are caused. 。so 可与表示数量的形The ice on the lake was so容 词 many, few, much,thin th
16、at people couldn tlittle( 四个形容 表示多skate on it.或少 ) 用 , 形成固定搭Too often, we spend so much配。 so+ many 或 few+复数time thinking about the future可数名 +that; so+ much或that we fail to enjoy thesuch.thatlittle+ 不可数名 +that.意 “如此 以至于 ”。有三种结构：such+a(an)+adj.+单 数 不可数名 +that; such(+adj.)+不可数名 +that; such( + adj.)+ 复
17、数可数名 +that, such是形容 ，修 名 或名 。有 可与 sothat 句型 。present.There are so few notebooksthat I can t give you any.It such a wonderful songthat we all like it.Simonissuchdishonestperson that no one believeshim.The boy is so young that hecangot to school.= He issuch a young boy that hecan t go to school.7. 步状
18、从句引 用法示例though意 “ 然” 。不能和butSo it has lived up to now 用。但是可以同yet(still)though it isnt strong at all.连用，构成Though they aretwinthough yet(still). though 较brothers, they don t look like普遍，常用于非正式的口 each other.和 书 面 语 中 。 even能 和Even if/ Even though wethough 合表示 ，在 could afford it, we would里 even though=e
19、venif(noafford it, we wouldn tgomatter if;though即 使 abroad for our vacation.也)。though 可以独立用作副 ，常放在句末， 意 allthe same(还 是 ； 仍然 ) 或however(可是；然而 )。although意 “ 然” 。不能和butAlthoughhediedseveral 用。但是可以同yet(still) 用，构成although yet(still).although 正式， 气比though重，常用以 步概念。even 不能和 although 合。years ago, I can st
20、ill remember the days we spent together and what he has taught me about love.Although we had little food with us, we decided to spend the night in the car.8. 比 状 从句引 用法示例as as.意 “和 一 ”。表示同She is very good at painting. 的比 。使用 要注意She can paint as well as here第一个 as 副 ，第二个teacher.as 。其基本 构 ：I ran out a
21、s quickly asas+adj./adv原.级 +as。若有possible.修 成分，如 twice, threetimes, half, a quarter等， 置于第一个 as 之前。not as /意 “和 不一 ，不如”。She is not so (as ) outgoing asso as也表示同 比 。her sister.This dictionary is not as/souseful as you think.9.方式状 从句引 用法as/(just)as.so意 “犹如，就像” 。引 的方式状 从句通常位 于 主 句 后 ， 但 在(just)as.so 构中位
22、于示例When in Rome, do as the Romans do.As water is to fish, so air is to man.as if/ as though 一一. 填空句首， as 从句 有比 的含 ，意 “正如，就像”，多用于正式文体。意 “就像，好像” 。两者的意 和用法相同， 引出的状 从句 多用虚 气，表示与事 相反，有 也用 述 气，表示所 情况是事 或 的可能性 大。 常 作“仿佛 似的， 好像 似的”。If would never forget here smile, or the way her eyes shone as if we were th
23、e same age.It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.1. _ he s old, he can still carry this heavy bag.A. ThoughB. SinceC. ForD. So2. -Do you know if he _ to play basketball with us?-I think he will come if he _ free tomorrow.A. comes; is B. comes; will beC. will come; isD. will come; will be3
24、.In the zoo if a child _ into the water and can t swim, the dolphins maycome up _ him.A. will fall; to helpB. falls;to help C. willfall; helpD. falls;helping4.I don t remember _ he worked in that city when he was young.A. what B. whichC. whereD. who5.We will stay at home if my aunt _ to visit us tom
25、orrow.A. comesB. comeC. will comeD. is coming6. The police asked the children _ cross the street _ the traffic lights turned green.7. I was late for class yesterday _ there was something wrong with my bike.8. I ll go swimming with you if I _ free tomorrow.9. In the exam, the _ you are, _ the _ mista
26、kes you will make.A. careful; littleB. more careful; fewestC. more careful; fewerD.more careful; less10. You should finish your lessons _ you go out to play. A. before B. after C. when D. while11. I hurried _ I wouldn t be late for class.A. sinceB. so thatC. as ifD. unless12. When you read the book,
27、 you d better make a mark _ you have any questions.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. though13.The teacher raised his voice _ all the students could hear him.A. for B. so that C. becauseD. in order14.He took off his coat _ he felt hot.A. becauseB. asC. if D. since15.It is _ that we d like to go out for a wal
28、k.A. a lovelydayB. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D. suchlovely a day16. Mary had _ much work to do that she stayed at her office all day. A. such B. so C. too D. very17. _ I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work.A. AlthoughB. Because C. As D. As if18._ the day went on, the weather got wo
29、rse.A. With B. SinceC. WhileD. As19._ well you can drive, you must drive carefully.A. So longasB. In order that C. No matter how D. Themoment20.Write to me as soon as you _ to Beijing.A. will getB. getC. gettingD. got二. 根据中文意思完成下列英语句子1. 不管他跟我开什么玩笑，我都不生气。I am not angry with him, _ _ _ jokes he _ on m
30、e.2. 布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她当做母亲。Mrs Bruce was _ kind to her students _ they _ her_ their mother.3. 只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。Our parents will be pleased with our performance _ _ _ wetry our best.4. 你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？Will you please call me _ _ _ you get to Shanghai.5. 这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。The seven-year-
31、old girl likes playing the piano _ _ _ shehas kept practicing for two years.6. 虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。_ _ _ _, she kept on learning English byherself.7. 他长大后相当一名记者。He wants to be a journalist _ _ _ _.8. 无论刮风下雨，我们的老师总是第一个到校。_ _ windy or rainy, our teacher is always the first to get toschool.9. 如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，
32、世界将会变得更美好。_ _ _ _ _ to protecting the environment, theworld will become much more beautiful.10. 李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。Li Ming didn t come to school _ _ _ _.练习二1. The meeting didnt start_ everyone was there.A. becauseB. untilC. whyD. if2 .The boy _ to bed _ his mother came in.A. went not; until B. didnt go;
33、 after C. went; until D. didnt go; until3. I wont believe you_ I have seen it with my own eyes. A. before B. until C. after D. when4 .He _ home _ she was satisfied _ his answer yesterday.A. didnt go; until; with B. wasnt go; after; to C. doesnt go; before; with D. didnt go; until; to5 .He _ back unt
34、il the work _ done.A. isnt; will be B. isnt; is C. wont be; will be D. wont be; is 6 .They didnt start the work _ their teacher came back. A. until B. while C. as soon as D. if7. Tom will call me as soon as he _ Shanghai. A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives in D. get to8. Im sure hell come to see me
35、 before he _ Beijing. A. will leave B. is leaving C. leave D. leaves9. I will tell him the news as soon as he_ back. A. come B. comes C. will come D. came10. Tom has got a watch. He _ it for two years. It _ by his father.A. has bought; was bought B. has got; is bought , C. was bought; has bought .D.
36、 has had; was bought 11. When he got to the station, the train _. A. left B. had left C. leaves D. has left12. The boy told his father what he _ in the street. A. saw B. have seen C. had seen D. see13.We _ TV when the telephone _.A. watched; was ringing B. were watching; rang C. watch; rings D. are
37、watching; rang14.By the end of last term, I_ ten books.A. had finished reading B. have finish reading C. had finish to read D. finish read15. I _ you for a long time. Where _ you _?A. didnt see; did; go B. didnt see; have;goneC. havent seen; have; been D.havent seen; have; gone16. Tom_ China for 3 y
38、ears.17. I wont go to see the film tonight, because I _ my ticket. A. lost B. have lost C. will lose D. didnt lose18.-Hello! May I speak to Bob?-Sorry, but he _ for a month.19. I _ him since I began to live in the city. A. know B. have known C. knew D. will know20.Zhao Lan _ already _ in this school
39、 for two years.A. was; studying B. will; study C. has; studied D. are; studying 21.Betty didnt go to see the film yesterday _ she was ill. A. because B. but C. until D. if22 May I sit nearer_I can see more clearly? A. as if B. so that C. even if D. so23. _ you work hard, you will certainly succeed. A. Though B. If C. Because D. For24. _ he came to study in t