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1、牛津高中英语教学设计单元： Unit 4Public transport板块： Grammar and usageThoughts on the design:本课将分别从四个方面具体介绍现在分词和过去分词的用法（a v-ed or a v-ing like anadjective, a v-ed or a v-ing like an adverb, passive and perfect forms of v-ing, the subject of v-ingor v-ed clause）。由于学生在上语法课时，往往会思想不集中或有枯燥厌倦之感，所以，教师采用“悟、导、练”的教学方法，即首先
2、呈现一些典型例句，让学生通过朗读自己领悟语言规则，然后再引导他们在对比分析的基础上， 进行归纳和总结。 最后配一些相应的练习 （填词、选择题、句型转换等）或创设各种真实的情境，来帮助学生运用所学的知识。这样的设计旨在激活学生的思维，调动其学习积极性，提高课堂效率。Teaching aims:After learning this period, students will be able to1. understand how the v-ed or a v-ing can be used as adjective;2. understand how the v-ed or a v-ing c
3、an be used as adverb;3. summarize the rules in which a v-ed or a v-ing is used;4. learn to use v-ed or v-ing in correct way according to different contexts.Teaching procedures:Step 1Lead inGuide students to read the following passage and help them to analyze the function of the v-ing used in the pas
4、sage. (PPT4)Cars are the leading () causes of airpollution in the world today.Realizing () how serious the problem hasbecome, the government has been encouraging people to walk,cycle or make better use of the underground system.Answers:定语adj.状语adv.Explanation教师可以根据教学内容灵活运用教材中的练习。如，将57 页上练习A 的篇章进行适当改
5、写后， 作为本课的导入，旨在帮助学生通过语篇来感悟现在分词做定语和状语的功能，为后面的教学做好铺垫。Step 2Grammar PointsPart onea v-ed or a v-ing like an adjective1. Help the students understand how they can use a v-ing like an adjective by analysing the sentences given and then draw a conclusion by themselves. (PPT5) She sat beside the window, wat
6、ching the falling leaves floating in the air. It was an exciting match.Conclusion: it usually expresses an action that is going on, or what something is like.Explanation向学生呈现一些典型例句，让他们通过朗读来体会现在分词作形容词的用法。1. Help students understand the differences between v-ed and v-ing when used like adjective.While
7、 doing this, students are supposed to read the following sentences and try toanalyzewhen v-ed can be used . (PPT6) The police found the stolen car. There was a thick layer of fallen leaves on the ground. Many excited people wanted to travel on the underground.Answers: express passive meaning, refer
8、to a finished action, tell how we feel about sth.Explanation通过对比，帮助学生分析现在分词与过去分词作形容词时的差别。2. Help students use v-ed or v-ing as adjective in real context. (PPT7)show the picture of Harry Porter and ask students to fill in the blanks with suitable words. Have you read the book _ to him? (relate)It is
9、a book _ by J.K. Rowling. It s an_book most teenagers like. (write,interest)Will you feel _ if Harry Porter is your teacher? (excite)Answers:related, written, interesting, excitedPart twoa v-ed or a v-ing like an adverb1. Ask students to read the following sentences and to analyze when v-ed or v-ing
10、 adverb. In this activity, students are supposed to discuss in pairs. (PPT8-11)can be asSentencesSituations1) Realizing he would have to take two different trains, he decided to take a taxi instead.2) Encouraged by the success of the Metropolitan Railway Company, Metropolitan District Railway opened
11、 another line in 1868.3) Traveling through the tunnel, the man felt uncomfortable because of the noise.4) When asked how old the underground system was, she made no reply.5) The train headed for London, puffing and rattling.6) He walked down the hill, singing softly to himself.7) Turning to the left
12、 at the crossroads, you will see the railway station on your right.8) Given another chance, I ll do it muchr. betteAnswers:express reason or cause , refer to time, express manner,express condition2. In order to help the students have a better understanding of the knowledge mentioned above, ask them
13、to rewrite the following sentences with proper conjunctions. (PPT12) Being ill, he didn tgo to school._ he was ill, he didn tgo to school. Walking in the street, he met a friend._ I walked in the street, I met a friend. He watched TV, drinking beer. Given more time, I would finish the work on time._
14、.Explanation填写连词练习可以帮助学生更好地理解分词作状语的功能。Answers:Because, when, and, If I were given more time, I would finish the work on time.Help the students use v-ed of v-ing as adverb in real context. (PPT13)_ the picture, I feel very funny. (see)_so many things, the cat felt very tired. (carry)The cat carried m
15、any things, _.(sing)_ more money, I would buy more presents for my wife. (give)Answers:Seeing, Carrying, singing, GivenExplanation在真实的情境中选用分词的适当形式可以加深学生对其语法功能的理解。Part threePassive and perfect forms of v-ing1. Ask students to read the following sentences and fill in the diagram.(PPT14) The undergroun
16、d system being built in the city will be open next year. Having seen the situation, a wealthy American businessman, Charles Yerkes tried toimprove the system. Having been developed over many years, the underground system is now able totransport millions of people effectively.被动进行式主动完成式被动完成式Answers:b
17、eing + done, having + done,having been + done2. Ask students to rewrite the followingsentences with passive and perfectforms ofv-ing.(PPT15) It is said that the second line of Nanjing Underground is being built and it will reach Ma Qun. After the government has realized how serious the financial cri
18、sis is, it has been taking manymeasures to help people out of difficulty. After the plan had been revised many times, it was carried out last month.Answers: It is said that the second line of Nanjing Underground being built will reach Ma Qun. Having realized how serious the financialcrisis is, the g
19、overnment has beentaking many measures to help people out of difficulty.Having been revised many times, the plan was carried out last month.Explanation句型 不但可以帮助学生巩固 在分 的 行 和完成 的用法，利于提高学生的写作水平。而且也有3.Ask students to make right choice. (PPT16)_ the differences between London Undergroundand Nanjing Unde
20、rground, ourgovernment took some measures to improve the underground system.A.Having comparedB. ComparedC. Having been comparedD. being comparedAnswer: APart fourthe subject of v-ing or v-ed clause1.Ask the students whether we can rewrite the previous sentence into differences between London Undergr
21、ound and Nanjing Underground, taken by“Having compared the some measures wereour government to improve the underground system. ”If the students find it difficult to judge, the teacher can show another sentence and help them analyze the subjects of v-ing clause and main clause in each sentence. So th
22、at the students can make a right judgment and explain the reason.(PPT17) Having compared the differences between London Underground and NanjingUnderground, some measures were taken by our government to improve the underground system. Having been trapped in traffic,he was late for work.Reason for the
23、 judgment: The understood subject of v-ing or v-ed clause is always the same as the subject of the main clause.Explanation学生在遇到困 ，教 可以 予适当的提示，引 他 自己分析 、解决 ，从而提高自学能力。2 Helpstudent use proper forms ofwords to fillin the blank withthe help of the picture.(PPT18)_ this public service advertisement, we t
24、hink (see)_on internet or other media, the public service advertisement can call on more peopleto (show)Answers: Seeing, ShownExplanation 幻灯片起 渡作用，从“Having been trapped in traffic ” 想到 保的公益广告，再拓展到商 广告的作用， 就把前后两 幻灯有机地 合，使整 更加流 。另外，通 真 情境的 可以帮助学生运用所学知 。Step 3Practices and ConsolidationHelp the student
25、s use proper forms of the following words to complete the short passage and analyze different functions of v-ed or v-ing. This activity will offer students a chance to use what they learned in class. (PPT19)mislead,know,guide,readSometimes advertisements can be useful. _ what to buy, consumers may t
26、urn toads for information. That is to say, _ ads, you will get a better understanding of each product.However, some consumers may also be cheated by _ advertisements. _ bythese ads, they are likely to make wrong decisions. So what attitude will you take to ads?Answer: Not knowing, reading, misleading, GuidedExplanation这一练习旨在帮助学生在篇章中更好地理解现在分词和过去分词作定语和状语的用法以巩固本节课所学的知识。,