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1、教材名称： 计算机专业英语 主 编： 来永春出版时间：第 4 次课电子教案学时 2Project One Assembling Computers授课题目（章，节） Part A Theoretical LearningFast Reading Two History of the ENIAC授课类型（请打） 理论课 研讨课 习题课 复习课 其 教学目的：1 In this part, our target is to improve the speed of reading professional articles and the comprehension ability of the
2、reader.2.We have marked specialized vocabulary key words in some paragraphs so that the reader can quickly grasp the main idea of the sentences and paragraphs.教学方法、手段：1. By the computer, projector and blackboard-writing2. By the student-centered learning, using Classroom Teaching Method, Communicati
3、ve Teaching Method, Task-based Teaching Method and Audio-visual Teaching Method教学重点、难点：1. Master the key words and phrases in the text.2. Analyze the structure of the complex sentences in the text.3. Translate the text into Chinese with the help of the reference materials.3.Describe Input and Output
4、 and History of the ENIAC.教学内容及过程设计补 充 内 容 和 时间分配教学设计Step 1.Generally speaking, the faster you read within limits, the better you will 20 分钟 comprehend. Is it so with you? If it is, what are the limits? For you,optimum comprehension comes at speeds somewhat above your slowestrates. The Electronic co
5、mputer was one of the greatest inventions in the20th century. Once talking about computers, we have to think of the birthof ENIAC(Electric Numerical Integrator And Calculator)( Pic 1.13). Thestart of World War produced a large need for computer capacity,especially for the military. New weapons were
6、made for trajectory tablesand other essential data were needed. In 1946,John P. Eckert, John W.Mauchly, and their associates at the Moore School of Electrical Engineeringat University of Pennsylvania decided to build a high-speed electronic computer to do the job. This machine became known as ENIAC.
7、Step 2. Skimming is a rapid -reading skill that does not require reading all thematerial word by word but requires a high degree of concentration. Inthe process of skimming, you should look for the gist of the passage,skip the words and phrases that are not important to the meaning, and 25分钟 still o
8、btain an adequate comprehension.The size of ENIACs numerical “word” was 10 decimal digits, and itcould multiply two of these numbers at a rate of 300 per second, by findingthe value of each product from a multiplication table stored in its memory.ENIAC was therefore about 1,000 times faster than the
9、 previous generationof relay computers.Step 3 Reading well requires more than understanding the words, sentences andideas. When you read the following paragraph, you should find out thedescriptions of some sentences quickly, and keep your thoughts flowingwith the authors.ENIAC used 18,000 vacuum tub
10、es, about 1,800 square feet of floorspace, weighed 30 tons and consumed about 180,000 watts of electricalpower. It had punched card I/O, 1 multiplier, 1 divider/ square rooter,and 20 adders using decimal ring counters, which served as adders andalso as quick-access (0.0002 seconds) read-write regist
11、er storage. The 20 分钟executable instructions making up a program were embodied in the separate“units” of ENIAC, which were plugged together to form a“route” for theflow of information.Step 4. When your reading habits are good, your reading is efficient and rapid;When the habits are bad, your is slow
12、 and unsatisfying. When you readwith your eyes only, not with any part of your mouth. Reading is a visualprocess, and at the same time, words can be understood without sayingthem in your mind. Now read the following paragraph,ENIAC was commonly accepted as the first successful high-speedelectronic d
13、igital computer(EDC) and had been used from 1946 to 1955,but it had a number of shortcomings which were not solved, notably the inability to store a program. A number of improvements were also madeto ENIAC from 1948, based on the ideas of the Hungarian-American mathematician, John Von Neumann (Pic1.
14、14)who was called the father of computer. 25分钟Step 5. In order to attain a higher level of comprehension, youd better make yourinitial fixation as you did before, then move your eyes to make a secondfixation, then another fixation, until you have finished the last word.Mark off each Of your eye span
15、s with a slanting line as you move from the beginning to the end.Von Neumann contributed a new awareness of how practical, yet fastcomputers should be organized and built. These ideas, usually referred toas the stored-program technique, became essential for future generationsof high-speed digital co
16、mputers and were universally adopted. ElectronicDiscrete Variable Automatic Computer (EDVAC) designed by Von Neumann wasbuilt in 1952. This computer used 2,300 vacuum tubes, but its speed was10 times faster than ENIAC which used 18,000 vacuum tubes. And the most important, Random Access Memory (RAM)
17、 was used.Step 6. This task is to check your ability to understand and translate sentences.When you read long sentences carefully, the logical connection is oftenfound between two sentences, for example, one sentence describing the occurrence; while the other explaining why or how it occurs, or what
18、 consequence it brings about This practice of identifying the logicalconnection among sentences helps to improve you reading comprehension.When you read the following sentences, youd better analyze thestructures of the sentences first. And then translate them into Chinese.1. ENIAC used 18,000 vacuum
19、 tubes, about 1,800 square feet of floor space,weighed 30 tons and consumed about 180,000 watts of electrical power.2. ENIAC was commonly accepted as the first successful high-speedelectronic digital computer(EDC) and had been used from 1946 to 1955,but it had a number of shortcomings which were not
20、 solved, notably theinability to store a program.3. Von Neumann contributed a new awareness of how practical, yet fastcomputers should be organized and built.思考题、作业题、讨论题：1. Read History of the ENIAC.,and pay attention to the reading speed and choose the best answer for each of the followings statements according to the text we learn.2. Translate the text into Chinese with the help of the reference materials.课后总结分析：