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1、2016 年高考试题分项解析之专题 -短文改错 1.【2016全国新课标 I】短文改错（10 分）My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that 1 live .Though not very big ,but the resin our area .It is always crowded with customers at meal times .Some people even had to wait outells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he mak
2、es sure that fresh vegetables oare using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of hopes that our business will grow steady.2.【2016全国新课标 II】短文改错（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the
3、 holchose between staying at home and take a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but theremoney. But in that case, we will learn little about world. If we go on a trip abroad, we can brgain knowledges we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interethought that
4、 it is a good idea. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.3.【2016全国新课标 III】短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me . They were also the bestin my life . At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yoursel
5、f. Hodidnt seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time , I evencouldntunderstandme so I hoped I could be freelyfrom them. I showed them I was independentby wearstrange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be onI mystillown,wantbuttohave mypa
6、rents to turn to whenever need help.4.【2016四川】短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）It is Mothers Day today.Thoughits a western festival, its popular in China now.Mom has a full-time job, so she has to do most of the houseworks. She is a great mother. Bo1planned to do something on MotherDay.sWe get up early
7、in the morning. Dad cleaned the house, andwent on shopping. When he came back,I found a bunch of flowersherin hand.I asked Mom to stay inthesitting room and I cooked in kitchen.Thedisheswhat I cooked were Moms favoritiest.Atdinner, we said to h“Happy Mothers ！Day”Mom was grateful and moving.5.【2016浙
8、江】短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）When I was a very young children, my father created a regular practice I remember well yearstime he arrived home at end of the day ,wed greet het at the door.kwhoHewewouldwasandaspretend not toknowing us, Then heand my mother would have had a drinkwhile sheprepared din
9、ner and theywould talkabout his day and hers. While they chat, my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in thewas both excited and frightening to be！up thereMy sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there.2015 年高考试题分项解析之专题 -短文改错1.【2015陕西】短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 15 分）My soccer coa
10、ch retired in last week. I wanted to do anything special for him at his retirmum makes the better biscuits in the world, so I decide to ask her for help. Mum taught me somebaking. I insisted on doing most of the baking myself. I thought the biscuits were really well.was that I dropped some on the fl
11、oor after I was packing them up.At a party, my coach, with a biscuit in his mouth, asked surprisingly who made them and johave to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits.”My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with happy laugh2.【2015四川】短文改错（共 10
12、 小题；每小题 1.5分，共 15 分） Hi, Janice,2Its been a month since I came to this new school and I really want share with you some of problems I have been experiencing.As I tell you last time, I made three new friend here. We hang out together during lunch anafter school. Weve been spending a lot of time sing
13、in karaoke bars. Its been three Saturdaysnow and it really costs me many. And I started to see thiswastingtimeactivity! In fact ,I dont lianymo re, so Im afraid Ill lose their friendship. How do you think I should do? If you are mhim?Please help with me and give me some advice.Grace3.【2015浙江】短文改错（共
14、10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）My old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were made from glass. Iclose to the windows and looking at the view. On the left-hand side of the class, I could easyfield.In the mornings,itwas fullof studentsexercising.The view from the back of the classroo
15、mis alsosplendid. Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them. Farther icould not enjoy the view of snowy mountains. On the right side of the class was the road. I wasto see the drivers in hurry in the morning. The position of the classroom with its view made medreamin
16、g. If I was only a child when I studied in that classroom, I will never forget it.4.【2015新课标全国 II】One day , little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. It was very crowded. Tonyshop window. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop. After looks at thehe turned around a
17、nd found where his parents were missing. Tony was scared and begun to cry. Ahim drying and telling him to wait outside a shop. Five minutes later, Tony saw parents. Mom sa3see you again! Dad and I wereibleterrworried. ” Tony promised her that this would never happen aga5.【2015新课标全国 I】When I was a ch
18、ild, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. Now I am lI miss my home in countryside.There the airis cleanor the mountains are green.Unfortunately,on thedevelopment of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. Lots of studies have beenwarming has already become a ver
19、y seriously problem. The airs we breathe in is getting dirtierrare animals are dying out . We must found waystectto yourproenvironment. If we fail to do so ,welregret it .2014 年高考试题分项解析之专题 -短文改错1. Correction 1(2014课标全国 )Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I plant
20、ed 圣some che女果)in our back garden. Sinceforthenall these weyearhad been allowing tomatoes to self-seed whereplease. As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size, but juicy anmuch that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allow tomato plants to grow in thye
21、ar after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. We are growing wotomatoes at no cost!2. Correction 2(2014课标全国 )My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m. and ends at 3:30 p.m. They are three lessons in the morthe afternoon. We didnt need to do so many homework. Therefore, we hav
22、e more-schooltimewithafteractivities. For example, we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hourMy dream school look like a big garden. There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around4buildings. We can lie on the grass for a rest, or sat by the lake listening music. The
23、teachershelpfully. They are not only our teachers but also our friends.3. Correction 3(2014浙江)I was taking a train to Londons Victoria Station. I had noticed that the carriage was noipeople.Before ong,l a train inspector comes to check our tickets. A passenger realized he couldntbecame quite upset.
24、Then everyone in the carriage began searching the ticket, which was eventuaa seat several rows from his owner. The person who found a ticket smiled with pleasure at his sNo one in the carriage had previous spoken to or even noticed the ticket-owner before. Yetquickly offered the strangers their help
25、. If we could show concern to others on need, the worldplace to live in.4. Correction 4(2014辽宁)Dear Jeremy and Alice,Although weve been delighted to have you as neighbors, were hoping to settle something us. In a word, yourCleo.dogWeve called several time about Cleos early morning barking. It erstan
26、dingisdifficultwhytosheundbarksevery minute shes outside. The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are oftenthe baby. Beside, Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day. This morning she starts barkoclock. That is too much for us, considering how closely the houses are.We appreci
27、ate our apologies and goodwill, but we hope that you can figure a good way of setmatter.Sincerely,Jack and Rose55. Correction 5(2014四川)Hello, boys and girls! Today, I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarmhear the alarm, stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you
28、 outside. Stay closeclassmate. Dont panic or get out of line, and trying to remain quiet and calmly. Soon the firand put out a fire. If its a false alarm and there is no fire, your teacher will lead us backnotice that when someone is missing and hurt, tell your teacher immediately.62016 年高考试题分项解析之专题
29、-短文改错(答案解析)1.【2016全国新课标 I】短文改错（10 分）【答案】1.that where 2. but去掉 3.had have 4.honest honesty 5.or and 6.using used 7. becoming前加 of 8.the a 9. our his 10.steadsteadily【归纳总结】在英语中 though、although、while或者 as 等引导的让步状语从句不和 but 连用；连词 because 不和 so 连用；此外，return不和 back 连用。3. had have 考查动词时态。 文章是介绍现在的情况，应该用一般现在
30、时。4. honest honesty考查名词。此处是指诚实是他成功的秘诀，用名词形式。 而形容词 honest 意思是“诚 实的”，是指人的性格特点。2.【2016全国新课标 II】短文改错（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）【答案】1.how 改为 what 2.chose改为 choose 3.take改为 taking 4.but改为 and 5.about后加 the 6.your 改为 our 7.knowledges 改为 knowledge 8.删除 can 或 can 改为 should 9.thought改为 think 10.many 改为 much【解析】
31、试题分析：考查记叙文，“我”和同学们对暑假的旅游计划的讨论。76. your改为 our 考查代词。应该使用 our 与本句的主语 we 保持一致。句意：如果我们出国旅游，我们就 拓宽视野并学到书本上学不到的知识。7. knowledges改为 knowledge 考查名词单复数。本句中名词 knowledge 是不可数名词，没有复数形式。 8.删除 can 或 can 改为 should 考查虚拟语气。动词 suggest作为建议的时候，后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟 语气“(should)+动词原形”所,以本句可以删除 can 或 can 改为 should。9. thought改为 think
32、 考查时态。本文介绍我和同学们商量暑假旅游的事情，全文以一般现在时为主，所 以本句使用现在时 think。10. many 改为 much 考查代词。本句中代词 much 代替不可数名词 much money 作为动词 cost的宾语，而 many 通常代替可数名词复数形式。【名师点睛】高考短文改错考点层次一般而言可依次分为词法的测试、句法的测试和语篇的测试三个层面。考点 层次越高，就越能测试出考生运用语言的能力。低层次的考点往往侧重于语法方面的考查，而高层次的 考点往往侧重于考生对文章意义方面的理解。一、词法改错词法的测试包括：定冠词和不定冠词的用法；名词的单复数和名词的所有格；动词的时态、
33、语态、语气， 情态动词和非谓语动词等；人称代词、人称代词的格、物主代词、指示代词、连接代词、不定代词等的 用法；介词的搭配；并列连词、从属连词的用法；形容词、副词的区别以及比较级和最高级的用法；固 定搭配和习惯用法。例如：本题中的5.about后加 the 考查定冠词7.knowledges改为 knowledge 考查名词单复数10.many 改为 much 考查代词二、句法改错句法的测试包括：主谓语在数上的一致性；名词性从句、定语从句和强调句；句子结构的连贯性、完整 性、对等性和逻辑性。例如：1. how 改为 what 考查特殊结构。2. chose改为 choose 考查句子结构3.
34、take改为 taking考查并列结构8.删除 can 或 can 改为 should 考查虚拟语气三、语篇改错语篇的测试包括：上下文的时态是否一致；上下文中的代词指代是否一致；上下文中的逻辑关系是否一 致。4.but改为 and 考查连词6.your改为 our 考查代词和逻辑关系9.thought改为 think 考查时态3.【2016全国新课标 III】短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）【答案】51.yearyears 52.worseworst 53.the去掉 54.yourselfmyself 55.suchso 56.telltold 57.freelyf
35、ree 58.wearwearing 59.tofor 60.I need855. suchso 考查 so/such的用法。 my parents didnt seem to think我so的父母似乎不这样认为，so 指代 上一句的内容，故把 such 改为 so。56. telltold考查时态。通篇回忆过去的事情，使用的一般过去时，故把 tell改为 told。57. freelyfree考查形容词副词。be 后跟形容词构成系表结构，be free from.摆脱.，不受.的影响，故把 freely改为 free。58.wearwearing 考查固定搭配。by 是介词，意为“通过”，
36、后跟名词代词或动名词，故把 wear 改为 wearing。考点：名词；形容词；代词；介词；最高级；固定搭配；时态【名师点睛】改错中动词、连词以及上下文语境也是出题者经常会考虑的出题知识点，其解题方法如下：1.动词错误的发现与解决英语中有许多的短语动词，是很难从字面上判断其意义的。其中与介词构成短语的动词是最常见的。我 们在分析题目的时候，发现有动宾搭配的时候，应该考虑该动词是否是一个短语动词，并进而分析构成 该短语动词的介词有无遗漏。对于短语动词的熟悉是一个长期积累的过程，需要随时总结与记忆。以下 是考试中常见到的短语动词：account for； add up to； back up； b
37、reak down； break away from； bleak out； break up； break in； break off； bring about； bring up； bring out； bring down； build up； call off；call for；call on； carry out； check in； clear up； come off； come around； count on； cut down； cut off； do away with； dwell on； fall back；onfall out；get over； get out ；
38、ofget at； give out； give up； give off； hang on； hold back； keep back from； keep up with； lay off； lay down； live up ；to look into； look forward ；to look over； make up； make out； pass away； put up with； role out； run out of； set about； take over； take up； take in； take off； turn up； turn out； work ou
39、t 等。 还有一种常考的动词的用法就是语态。在所分析的文字中包含谓语动词，那么应该分析是否是这方面的 问题。其中应该重点分析主语与谓语动词的关系是主动还是被动。2连接词错误的发现与解决例： However, a second person thought that this was more a question of civilized behavioras go本题所考查的就是比较连接词的用法。从前文的 more 我们就可以看出，下文的 as 是不恰当的，正确的9答案应是比较连接词 than。一般来说，比较连接词所考查的重点集中在 as 与 than 的用法上。句意中是否 还有比较意义是很
40、容易辨别的，我们一旦觉察到句子有比较的意思，就应考虑是否是as 与 than 的用法混 淆。此外定语从句的连接词也是要特别注意的。我们看 2000 年 6 月的第 74 题：Instead，this other person toldus a story，it he said was quite well known在这里，句子的后半段很明显是一个非限制性的定语从句，所 以应将 it改为 which.非限制性的定语从句的连接词在近几年的考试中反复出现，应该引起我们的重视。 解决此类问题的方法是，凡是发现有复合句的分析对象，首先就要考虑从句的连接词。首先看是否有连 接词，其次看连接词是否正确，尤
41、其是 which 与 that的不同应用。3语言环境类错误的发现与解决从历年的考题来看，语言环境类的错误是最有章可循的。这类错误一般是一行中的关键词与上下文所体 现出来的意思完全相反。此类题的解决也较简单，那就是将不符合文意的词改为它的反义词即可。如第 54 题就是属于语境错误。句意：我认为我什么都知道，可以自己拿主意了。这里指作者自己做决定，根 据主语 I可知，应该用 myself，故把 yourself改为 myself。4.【2016四川】短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）【 答 案 】 1.so-but 2.houseworks-housework 3.or-a
42、nd 4.get-got 5.去 掉 on6.her-his7.在 in 和 kitchen 之间加 the 8.what-that/which(或去掉 what) 9.favoritest-favori10.moving-moved【名师点睛】表示情感的现在分词和过去分词surprising令人惊讶的，surprised感到惊讶；frightening令人害怕的， frightened感到害怕； moving 令人 感动的， moved 感动；exciting令人兴奋的，excited感到兴奋；boring令人厌烦的， bored 感到厌烦； annoying令人烦恼的，annoyed 感到
43、烦恼的。现在分词的主语通常指事物；过去分词的主语通常指人。比 如第 10 小题 moving-moved 句意：妈妈即感激有感动。故把 moving-moved。10考点：考查短文改错5.【2016浙江】短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 66.【答案】children改成 child考点：考查名词单复数67.【答案】late改成 later【解析】试题分析： late是形容词“迟的”，或副词“迟地”，但是“一段时间后面应该接 later，”表示“时间以后”。 故 late改成 later。考点：考查副词68.【答案】at 后面加 the考点：考查冠词69.【答案】he
44、r 改成 him【解析】试题分析： 根据上文可知我们每天在门口迎接爸爸。用 him 指代 my father，作 greet的宾语。故 her 改 成 him 。考点：考查代词70.【答案】was 改成 were【解析】试题分析： 这句话的主语是 we ，谓语用复数，而且这篇文章是作者回忆小时候的事情，用一般过去时。 故 was 改成 were 。考点：考查主谓一致71.【答案】knowing 改成 know【解析】试题分析：pretend后面接不定式作宾语，这里是否定式 pretend not to 。do故knowing 改成 know 。 考点：考查动词不定式72.【答案】去掉 had【
45、解析】试题分析：句意：他和我妈妈会喝些东西。这里不是虚拟语气，不能用 would have done，用 would do 表 示“过去常常做”。故去掉 had 。考点：考查动词形式73.【答案】chat改成 chatted【解析】试题分析：根据主句内容 my father would lift my sister可知while引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时。故 chat改成 chatted。考点：考查动词时态74.【答案】in改成 on11考点：考查介词75.【答案】excited改成 exciting【解析】试题分析：这句话的主语是形式主语 it，真正的主语是 to be up there
46、，主语是物的时候，表语应该用现 在分词形式的形容词。故 excited改成 exciting。考点：考查形容词【名师点睛】高考短文改错考点层次一般而言可依次分为词法的测试、句法的测试和语篇的测试三个层面。考点 层次越高，就越能测试出考生运用语言的能力。低层次的考点往往侧重于语法方面的考查，而高层次的 考点往往侧重于考生对文章意义方面的理解。这篇短文主要是一些词法错误，词法的测试包括：定冠词和不定冠词的用法；名词的单复数和名词的所 有格；动词的时态、语态、语气，情态动词和非谓语动词等；人称代词、人称代词的格、物主代词、指 示代词、连接代词、不定代词等的用法；介词的搭配；并列连词、从属连词的用法；形容词、副词的区 别以及比较级和最高级的用法；固定搭配和习惯用法。例如：本题中的66. children改成 child（名词单复数错误）67. late改成 later（副词错误）68. at后面加 th