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1、中考知识点整理 人* 名词所有格 -s/-sa teachers teachers childrens称代第一人称第二人称第三人称* “”连字符的作用相当于名词所有格 three-week = three weeks词* 动词（作谓语）主格宾格Imeweusyouyouyouyouhehimsheheritittheythembe 动词：am/is/are, was/were实义动词：like, run,助动词：do/ does/ did, have/ has + done情态动词： can/ could,will/would, need, dare,must,should, have/ ha
2、s to, may物* 情态动词主代第一人称第二人称第三人称can 表能力- cant/cannot/ can not may 表可能词形容词my our your your his her its theirshould 表应该：shouldnt be allowed不应该被允许 must 表必须- mustnt表禁止need 表必要- neednt表没必要= dont have to(为对 Must ? 问句的否定回答)性名词 mine ours yours yours his hers its theirs 性e.g. you - your - yourself (yourselves)
3、反身代词)( 主格作主语，宾格作宾语their形(容词性物主代词)+ n. = theirs名词(性物主代词)e.g. - MustI? - No, you neednt./No,you donthave to. dare 表敢于will 表意愿 - will not =twon所有情态动词后面所跟的动词都用原形 do 的形式* 使役动词 (使/让某人做某事)Let sb. do sth.make sb. do sth./ be made to do sthget sb.to do sth.* 不定代词主格whosome + thing/ body/ one,any + thing/ body
4、/ one 不定代词 + to do*(宾格 who物主代词 whose冠词 + n.不定冠词：a/ an用(于元音前)定冠词：the名词（作主语）可数名词：单数/复数（+s, +es）不可数名词：water, bread, fish名词变复数以sh, -ch, -s,结-x尾的词，变复数 + es以o 结尾的词，变复数+es: heroes,potatoes, omatoes 黑人，土豆，西红柿)，其余以o结尾的词+s不定代词 + adj.形(容词后置)：something different * 基数词和序数词基数词：one, two, three, four, five序数词：first
5、, second, third, fifth/twelfthfourth,(以-ve结 尾，去-ve改-f加-th),eighth, ninth, twentieth(整十的 数，去-y 改-ie加-th)* 分数表达法1/4：one fourth; 2/3：two thirds* 数量表达法数字+ ten/ hundred/ thousand/ million/ 名billion词复数+ tens/ hundreds/ thousand/ millions/ billions + of + 名词复数 * 祈使句以 Don t 开头的都为祈使句* 反义疑问句肯(be/情态动词/实义动词)，否(
6、be/情态动词/助动词)？以 f, -fe结尾的词，f 或 fe 改 v + es: wife - wives 不规则名词变化：child - childrenwoman - women否(be/情态动词/实义动词，肯(be/情态动词/助动词)？ 祈使句的反义疑问句，后面用 will you?man - men tooth - teeth当性别+ 职业时，两个名词同时都变复数：wom en teachers, men doctors* 以-ed结尾的形容词 修饰 人 以-ing结尾的形容词 修饰 物* 感叹句1What + adj. 不+可数名词How + adj. +the( + 不可数名词
7、+ 谓语动词)be made to do sth被迫做某事 * 时间介词：on/in/ate.g. What delicious food we had at your birthday party! on + 具体某一天/星期= How deliciousthe food was! * 比较级与最高级：good - better - best a. well - better - best ad. bad -worse - worst a. much/ many - more - most little - less - least busy - busier - busiest忙* 比较级
8、(用于比较两者事物)in + 年/月/季节at + 点钟* 时间表示法past 超过（6 字之前）to 差（6 字之后）e.g. a quarter to nine 8:45 a quarter past nine 9:15 half pastnine 9:30than 用于比较级nine twenty-seven 9:27 = twenty-seven past nine 9:27a lot/ much/ a little/ even/比较级far：far+less远远少于 e.g. Of the two coats,dlikesheto choose cheaperthe oneto sa
9、ve money for a book.* 最高级(用于比较三者或三者以上事物)one of +最高级+ 可数名词复数* that指代不可数名词e.g. The weather in Fuzhou is warmerthatthanin Beijing. (这里的 that指代前面的 weather, weather为不可数名词) * each of them = every of them每一个* 也：also 用(于肯定句 句中)* 最高级、序数词+ to do,如：the best to do, the first to do too 用(于肯定句 句末)* 就近原则there be句型
10、not only but (also)不但(而且)* 就前原则with/ together with/ as well ase.g.I with youam (be)You with areI (be)* many + 可数名词复数much + 不可数名词* a few +可数名词 复数 (表肯定意思) / few 可+数名词 复数 (表否定意思)a little 不+可数名词 (表肯定意思)/ little不+可数名词 (表否定意思)* 双宾语结构give sth to sb = give sb sthlend sth to sb = lend sb借出sth去borrow sth from
11、 sb = borrow sb借sth进来teach sb sth* 动词不定式 to doorder sb (not) to do命sth令某人做某事ask sb (not) to do叫sth某人做某事tell sb (not) to do告诉sth某人做某事encourage sb (not) to do鼓sth励某人做某事try (not) to 尽do力做某事hope to do希望做某事expect sb to 希do望某人做某事want to do sth想要做某事would like to do 想sth要做某事feeling like doing想sth要做某事，喜欢做某事e
12、ither用(于否定句 句末)* 也是：so + 助动词/情态动词/be动词+ 主语确实是：so +主语+ 助动词/情态动词/be动词* 提建议：How/What about + doing? 怎么样Why not do? = Why dontyou?你为什么不?* see/ hear sb. doing正sth.在进行(时)see/ hear sb. do 句sth.中常(出现often, usually, always) * in +颜色e.g. The girlA _ pink is my young sister, Susan.A. in B. wears C. is wearing*
13、 Could/ Would you ?委(婉语气中，some 不用改成 any)* Look!/ Listen!用进(行时态)* too 太() + adj.: too big* Whats the matter (with you)? = Whats怎wrong?么了)( * Its time to do sth =Its time for + n.* Im afraid 我恐(怕)Im afraidso.我恐怕会这样。* - How soon? In - How far? 距离* Thank you for doing sthThank you for sth* A be proud of
14、 B A 为 B 感到自豪B be the pride of BA是 A 的骄傲* die of死于内因die from死于外因* by的用法by bus 乘坐by 在旁边，到为止：by the window在窗户边上by + doing通过方式2* every每一(三个或以上)each 每一(两个，三个或以上)both 两个都all 全部(三个或以上)none 没有(三个或以上)either二者择一：either orneither两者都不：neither nor* Summer comes after spring.春去夏来。 * enough +名词或者名词+ enough形容词+ en
15、ough* the + adj.表示一类人the rich有钱人 the poor穷人* provide sb with 提sth供某物给某人 provide sth for为sb某人提供某物* so + adj. + that如此以至于such + adj. + that如此以至于too to 太而不能* nine more = another nine又九天，再九天 other adj.其他的others n.其他人或物* what do with = how deal with如何处理what to do = how to do怎it么办* a number of = a lot of
16、= many大量)(+谓语动词复数 the number of（的数量）+ 谓语动词单数* both and 两者都either or 二者择一netither nor. 两者都不not A but B不是 A 而是 B* The + 比较级，the +比较级（越越）The more, the better.* if条件句If 如(果，为从句) , 主句 （主将从现）* when 当时while 当时 (必须用现在进行时)表对比 表转折，虽然* 宾语从句1. 引导词(一个句子中只能有一个引导词，不能叠加) that无意义，用于肯定句，通常可省略if/ whether是否，用于一般疑问句wh-
17、特殊疑问词，用于特殊疑问句* It is + adj. + (for sb) to do sth一般疑问句：Do/ Does/ Did/ Are/ Is/ Am/ Will/ Have/ HasIt iskind/ clever/ nicesbofto do sth* allow doing允许做某事allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事sb be allowedto do sth某人被允许做某事* alone单独的； lonely孤独的stay/ live alone; feel/ be lonely* at age 在(年龄) at speed of以(速度) * be use
18、d by 人+ (被某人使用)be used for + doing被用(来做)be used in被(使用在方面)情态动词/ (一般疑问句用 Yes/ No 来回答)特殊疑问句：Wh- ? What/ Who/ When/ Where/ Which/ Why/ How/ How many/ How much/ 2. 语序：陈述语序，即 引导词+ 主语+ 谓语在一般疑问句中，遇 does，则去 does + s遇 did，则去 did + ed遇 do，则不变3. 时态主句 + 引导词 + 从句*四个花费 主语pay 人 paidpaid: pay钱 for sthspend 人 spents
19、pent: spend时间/钱 on sthspend 时间/钱 (in) doingcost 物 costcosttake It/物 tooktook: It taks时sb间/钱to do * happento sb 某人发生了什么事* beside在旁边besides除之外还有（+ ）except 除之外 ()* France法国French 法语Frenchman/ Frenchmen法国人* With pleasure.很乐意（帮助前）Itsmy pleasure.不客气（帮助后）一般现在时 任何时态一般过去时 相应过去时客观真理永远用一般现在时在 I believe/ I thin
20、k句中，否定要前移，且反义疑问句看 从句，若为否定句，则与从句保持一致。I believe/ think,否？I don t believe/ think,肯？* 时态一般现在时 am/ is/ are/ do/ does用于第(三人称单数) 一般过去时 was/ were/ did一般将来时 will + do/ be going to do现在进行时 am/ is/ are + doing (be + doing) 过去进行时 was/ were + doing现在完成时 have/ has + donefor +一段时间；since +点时间 (自从) 都用于完成时 in + the past一+段时间，必须用现在完成时3yet 用于完成时的疑问和否定句中have gone to去了某地，现在在途中，不在本地 have been to去过了，现在在本地have been in一直呆在某地在完成时中，短暂性动词要变成延续性动词，如： Buy - have (had); borrow - keep (kept) * 被动语态：be done他没邀请我。= 我没被邀请。* 定语从句人 + who/ that物 + which/ that4