1、杜鲁门主义的实质I杜鲁门主义的英文演讲稿bodyulcIass=top-11av-siteli首页IiliClass=nIinewIili语文Iiclass=lineeIi美文Iiclass=lineeIili文学Iiliclass=lineIili实用文IiliCIaSS=line1ili教案IiliClass=nIinew1ili课件Iiliclass=linew1ili素材Iiliclass=lineIili电子课本IiliCIaSS=line1iul实用文mapulclass=nav-siteli演讲稿Iili评语ememulli祝福语emem台词ememulli入团申请书ememul
2、li主持词ememlli述职报告ememlli合同范本ememhi杜鲁门主义的实质I杜鲁门主义的英文演讲稿hi演讲稿2018-08-1918：17:05演讲稿iclass=iconicon-phonei手机查看摘要TheTrumanDoctrinespeechbyHarrySTrumanMrPresident,MrSpeaker,MembersoftheCongreSS演讲稿一演讲稿】TheTrumanDoctrinespeechbyHarrySTrumanMr.President,Mr.Speaker.MembersoftheCongressoftheUnitedStates.Thegrav
3、ityofthesituationwhichconfrontstheworldtodaynecessitatesmyappearancebeforeajointsessionoftheCongress.Theforeignpolicyandthenationalsecurityofthiscountryareinvolved.Oneaspectofthepresentsituation,which1presenttoyouatthistimeforyourconsiderationanddecision,concernsGreeceandTurkey.TheUnitedStateshasrec
4、eivedfromtheGreekGovernmentanurgentappealforfinancialandeconomicassistance.PreliminaryreportsfromtheAmericanEconomicMissionnowinGreececorroboratethestatementoftheGreekGovernmentthatassistanceisimperativeifGreeceistosurviveasafreenation.1donotbelievethattheAmericanpeopleandtheCongresswishtoturnadeafe
5、artotheappealoftheGreekGovernment.Greeceisnotarichcountry.1.ackofsufficientnaturalresourceshasalwaysforcedtheGreekpeopletoworkhardtomakebothendsmeet.Since1940.thisindustrious,peacelovingcountryhassufferedinvasion,fouryearsofcruelenemyoccupation,andbitterinternalstrife.Whenforcesof1iborationenteredGr
6、eecetheyfoundthattheretreatingGermanshaddestroyedvirtualIyal1therailways,roads,portfacilities,Conununications,andmerchantmarine.Morethanathousandvillageshadbeenburned.Eighty-fivepercentofthechildrenweretubercular.1.ivestock,poultry,anddraftanimalshadalmostdisappeared.Inflationhadwipedoutpracticallya
7、llsavings.Asaresultofthesetragicconditions,amilitantminority,exploitinghumanwantandmisery,wasabletocreatepoliticalchaoswhich,untilnow,hasmadeeconomicrecoveryimpossible.GreeceistodaywiIhoutfundstofinancetheimportationofthosegoodswhichareessentialtobaresubsistence.UnderthesecircumstancesthepeopleofGre
8、ececannotmakeprogressinsolvingtheirproblemsofreconstruction.Greeceisindesperateneedoffinancialandeconomicassistancetoenableittoresumepurchasesoffood,clothing,fuelandseeds.Theseareindispensableforthesubsistenceofitspeopleandareobtainableonlyfromabroad.Greecemusthavehelptoimportthegoodsnecessarytorest
9、oreinternalorderandsecuritysoessentialforeconomicandpoliticalrecovery.TheGreekGovernmenthasalsoaskedfortheassistanceofexperiencedAmericanadministrators,economistsandtechnicianstoinsurethatthefinancialandotheraidgiventoGreeceshallbeusedeffectivelyincreatingastableandself-sustainingeconomyandinimprovi
10、ngitspublicadministration.TheveryexistenceoftheGreekstateistodaythreatenedbytheterroristactivitiesofseveralthousandarmedmen,ledbyCommunists,whodefythegovernmentSauthorityalanumberofpoints,particularlyalongthenorthernboundaries.ACo三issionappointedbytheUnitedNationsSecurityCounci1isatpresentinvestigat
11、ingdisturbedconditionsinnorthernGreeceandallegedborderviolationsalongthefrontierbetweenGreeceontheonehandandAlbania,Bulgaria,andYugoslaviaontheother.Meanwhile,theGreekGovernmentisunabletocopewiththesituation.TheGreekarmyissmallandpoorlyequipped.Itneedssuppliesandequipmentifitistorestoreauthoritytoth
12、egovernmentthroughoutGreekIerritory.Greecemusthaveassistanceifitistobecomeaself-supportingandself-respectingdemocracy.TheUnitedStatesmustsupplythisassistance.WehavealreadyextendedtoGreececertaintypesofreliefandeconomicaidbuttheseareinadequate.ThereisnoothercountrytowhichdemocraticGreececanturn.Nooth
13、ernationiswillingandabletoprovidethenecessarysupportforademocraticGreekgovernment.TheBritishGovernment,whichhasbeenhelpingGreece,cangivenofurtherfinancialoreconomicaidafterMarch31.GreatBritainfindsitselfunderthenecessityofreducingorliquidatingitscommitmentsinseveralpartsoftheworld,includingGreece.We
14、haveconsideredhowtheUnitedNationsmightassistinthiscrisis.Butthesituationisanurgentonerequiringimmediateaction,andtheUnitedNationsanditsrelatedorganizationsarenotinapositiontoextendhelpofthekindthatisrequired.ItisimportanttonotethattheGreekGovernmenthasaskedforouraidinutilizingeffectivelythefinancial
15、andotherassistancewemaygivetoGreece,andinimprovingispublicadministration.ItisoftheutmostimportancethatwesupervisetheuseofanyfundsmadeavailabletoGreece,insuchamannerthateachdollarspentwillcounttowardmakingGreeceself-supporting,andwillhelptobuildaneconomyinwhichahealthydemocracycanflourish.Nogovernmen
16、tisperfect.Oneofthechiefvirtuesofademocracy,however,isthatitsdefectsarealwaysvisibleandunderdemocraticprocessescanbepointedoutandcorrected.ThegovernmentofGreeceisnotperfect.Neverthelessitrepresents85percentofthemembersoftheGreekParliamentwhowerechoseninanelectionlastyear.Foreignobservers,including69
17、2Americans,consideredthiselectiontobeafail-expressionoftheviewsoftheGreekpeople.TheGreekGovernmenthasbeenoperatinginanatmosphereofchaosandextremism.Ithasmademistakes.TheextensionofaidbythiscountrydoesnotmeanthattheUnitedStatescondoneseverythingtheGreekGovernmenthasdoneorwilldo.Wehavecondemnedinthepa
18、st,andwecondemnnow.extremistmeasuresoftherightortheleft.Wehaveinthepastadvisedtolerance,andweadvisetolerancenow.Greece,Sneighbour,Turkey,alsodeservesourattention.ThefutureofTurkeyasanindependentandeconomicallysoundstateisclearlynolessimportanttothefreedom-lovingpeoplesoftheworldthanthefutureofGreece
19、ThecircumstancesinwhichTurkeyfindsitselftodayareconsiderablydifferentfromthoseofGreece.TurkeyhasbeensparedthedisastersthathavebesetGreece.Andduringthewar,theUnitedStatesandGreatBritainfurnishedTurkeywithmaterialaid.Nevertheless,Turkeynowneedsoursupport.SincethewarTurkeyhassoughtadditionalfinanciala
20、ssistancefromGreatBritainandtheUnitedStatesforthepurposeofeffectingthatmodernizationnecessaryforthemaintenanceofitsnationalintegrity.ThatintegrityisessentialtothepreservationoforderintheMiddleEast.TheBritishGovernmenthasinformedusthat,owingtoitsowndifficulties,itcannolongerextendfinancialoreconomica
21、idtoTurkey.AsinthecaseofGreece,ifTurkeyistohavetheassistanceitneeds,theUnitedStatesmustsupplyit.Wearetheonlycountryabletoprovidethathelp.IamfullyawareofthebroadimplicationsinvolvediftheUnitedSlatesextendsassistancetoGreeceandTurkey,andIshal1discusstheseimplicationswithyouatthistime.Oneoftheprimaryob
22、jectivesoftheforeignpolicyoftheUnitedStatesisthecreationofconditionsinwhichweandothernationswillbeabletoworkoutawayoflifefreefromcoercion.ThiswasafundamentalissueinthewarwithGermanyandJapan.Ourvictorywaswonovercountrieswhichsoughttoimposetheirwill,andtheirwayoflife,uponothernations.Toensurethepeacef
23、uldevelopmentofnations,freefromcoercion,theUnitedStateshastakenaleadingpartinestablishingtheUniledNations.TheUnitedNationsisdesignedtomakepossiblelastingfreedomandindependenceforal1iIsmembers.Weshallnotrealizeourobjectives,however,unlesswearewillingtohelpfreepeoplestomaintaintheirfreeinstitutionsand
24、theirnationalintegrityagainstaggressivemovementsthatseektoimposeuponthemtotalitarianregimes.Thisisnomorethanafrankrecognitionthattotalitarianregimesimposeduponfreepeoples,bydirectorindirectaggression,underminethefoundationsofinternationalpeaceandhencethesecurityoftheUnitedStates.Thepeoplesofanumbero
25、fcountriesoftheworldhaverecentlyhadtotalitarianregimesforceduponthemagainsttheirwill.TheGovernmentoftheUnitedStateshasmadefrequentprotestsagainstcoercionandintimidation,inviolationoftheYaltaAgreement,inPoland,Rumania,andBulgaria.Imustalsostatethatinanumberofothercountriestherehavebeensimilardevelopm
26、ents.AlthepresentmomenIinworldhistorynearlyeverynationmustchoosebetweenalternativewaysof1ife.Thechoiceisloooftennotafreeone.Onewayoflifeisbaseduponthewillofthemajority,andisdistinguishedbyfreeinstitutions,representativegovernment,freeelections,guaranteesofindividual1iberty,freedomofspeechandreligion
27、andfreedomfrompoliticaloppression.Thesecondwayoflifeisbaseduponthewillofaminorityforciblyimposeduponthemajority.Itreliesuponterrorandoppression,acontrolledpressandradio,fixedelections,andthesuppressionofpersonalfreedoms.IbelievethatitmustbethepolicyoftheUnitedStatestosupportfreepeopleswhoareresisti
28、ngattemptedsubjugationbyarmedminoritiesorbyoutsidepressures.Ibelievethatwemustassistfreepeoplestoworkouttheirowndestiniesintheirownway.1believethatourhelpshouldbeprimarilythrougheconomicandfinancialaidwhichisessentialtoeconomicstabiIityandorderlypoliticalprocesses.Theworldisnotstatic,andthestatusquo
29、isnotsacred.ButwecannotallowchangesinthestatusquoinviolationoftheCharteroftheUnitedNationsbysuchmethodsascoercion,orbysuchsubterfugesaspoliticalinfiltration.Inhelpingfreeandindependentnationstomaintaintheirfreedom,theUnitedStateswi11begivingeffecttotheprinciplesoftheCharteroftheUnitedNations.Itisnec
30、essaryonlytoglanceatamaptorealizethatthesurvivalandintegrityoftheGreeknationareofgraveimportanceinamuchwidersituation.IfGreeceshouldfallunderthecontrolofanarmedminority,theeffectuponitsneighbour.Turkey,wouldbeimmediateandserious.ConfusionanddisordermightwellspreadthroughouttheentireMiddleEast.Moreov
31、er,thedisappearanceofGreeceasanindependentstatewou1dhaveaprofoundeffectuponthosecountriesinEuropewhosepeop1eareStrugglingagainstgreatdifficultiestomaintaintheirfreedomsandtheirindependencewhiIetheyrepairthedamagesofwar.Itwouldbeanunspeakabletragedyifthesecountries,whichhavestruggledsolongagainstover
32、whelmingodds,shouldlosethatvictoryforwhichtheysacrificedsomuch.Collapseoffreeinstitutionsandlossofindependencewouldbedisastrousnotonlyforthembutfortheworld.Discouragementandpossiblefailurewouldquicklybethelotofneighbouringpeoplesstrivingtomaintaintheirfreedomandindependence.Shouldwefai1toaidGreecean
33、dTurkeyinthisfatefulhour,theeffectwillbefarreachingtotheWestaswellastotheEast.Wemusttakeimmediateandresoluteaction.IthereforeasktheCongresstoprovideauthorityforassistancetoGreeceandTurkeyintheamountof$400,000,000fortheperiodendingJune30,1948.Inrequestingthesefunds,Ihavetakenintoconsiderationthemaxim
34、umamountofreliefassistancewhichwouldbefurnishedtoGreeceoutofthe$350,000,000whichIrecentlyrequestedthattheCongressauthorizeforthepreventionofstarvationandsufferingincountriesdevastatedbythewar.Inadditiontofunds,1asktheCongresstoauthorizethedetailofAmericancivilianandmilitarypersonneltoGreeceandTurkey
35、attherequestofthosecountries,toassistintheIasksofreconstruction,andforthepurposeofsupervisingtheuseofsuchfinancialandmaterialassistanceasmybefurnished.IrecommendthatauthorityalsobeprovidedfortheinstructionandtrainingofselectedGreekandTurkishpersonnel.Finally.IaskthattheCongressprovideauthoritywhich
36、willpermitthespeediestandmosteffectiveuse.intermsofneededcommodities,supplies,andequipment,ofsuchfundsasmaybeauthorized.Iffurtherfunds,orfurtherauthority,shouldbeneededforthepurposesindicatedinthismessage,IshallnothesitatetobringthesituationbeforetheCongress.OnthissubjecttheExecutiveand1.egislativeb
37、ranchesofGovernmentmustworktogether.ThisisaseriouscourseuponwhichWeembark.Iwouldnotrecommenditexceptthatthealternativeismuchmoreserious.TheUnitedStatescontributed$341,000,000,000towardwinningWorldWarII.Thisisaninvestmentinworldfreedomandworldpeace.TheassistancethatIamreco三endingforGreeceandTurkeyamo
38、untstolittlemorethan1/10of1percentofthisinvestment.Itisonlycommonsensethatweshouldsafeguardthisinvestmentandmakesurethatitwasnotinvain.Theseedsoftotalitarianregimesarenurturedbymiseryandwant.Theyspreadandgrowintheevi1soi1ofpovertyandstrife.Theyreachtheirfulgrowthwhenthehopeofapeopleforabetterlifehas
39、died.Wemustkeepthathopealive.Thefreepeoplesoftheworldlooktousforsupportinmaintainingtheirfreedoms.Ifwefalterinourleadership,wemayendangerthepeaceoftheworld-andweshallsurelyendangerthewelfareofthisNation.Greatresponsibilitieshavebeenplaceduponusbytheswiftmovementofevents.IamconfidentthattheCongresswillfacetheseresponsibilitiessquarely.
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