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1、Unit 4Cartoons and comic strips知 点 解与拓展：1. character： n. 人物、角色Yue Fei is a great historical character.2. think of 考 、思考I m thinking of going to Paris for vacation.拓展： think of ：想起、 起I cantthink of his name.think of ： 有某种看法， 常用于 “ What do you think of ”句型中 What do you think of the book ？3. add to & a
2、dd toadd to把加到上Please add some salt to the water.add to添加，增添（ 、困 等抽象Do you have anything to add to the list?名 ）4.record v. 音I ve recorded the whole concert.拓展： record n. 记录set the record 造 break the record 打破 hold the record 保持 5. decide on 决定、 定What made you decide on Plan A?6. basic adj. 基 的，基本的拓展
3、： base basis (n.)基 basic (adj.) 基本的 basically (adv,) 基本上7. Here it is.以 here 和 there 开 的句子，若后面的主 人称代 ，主 不倒装；若后面的主 名 ，主 倒装。Here you are. 你。Here comes the bus. 公共汽 来了。8. forget v. 忘 forget to do忘 要做某事 （ 作没 生）I forget to turn off the light.forget doing忘 做 某事 （ 作已 生）I forget opening the door.9. look lik
4、e 看上去像 Tom looks like his father.拓展：提 相： What do/ dose sb. look like?提 性格：What is sb. like?10.appear v. 得，看来，似乎A woman suddenly appeared in the doorway.拓展： appear （to be） + adj./ n.She appears (to be) happy at the news.appear to do sth.You appear to travel quite a lot.11. a little& a bit1) 两者都可以作副 用
5、，用来修 形容 （原 或比 ），或 。1I m a little/ bit hungry.2) 用作形容 做定 ，a little 修 不可数名 ，而a bit 后面加 of 再加不可数名 。Theres a little water.= There s a bit of water.12.be ready to do sth.已完成某事，准 好做某事The contract will be ready to sign in two weeks.拓展： be/ get ready for sth. 做好准 Are you ready for your teast?13. as well as
6、并且， 。用来 接并列成分。 接并列主 ， 与前一主 保持一致。She is clever as well as beautiful.14. how to do 疑 + to doI don tknow how to do it.拓展： what to do 做什么where to go 去哪里why to do 什么做15.Don t+ 原形 .否定祈使句，意 “不要，禁止”16.the same as和一 The twins look the same as each other.拓展： be different from与不同17. look 系 ，意 “看起来，看上去”Alice lo
7、oks happy today.Dontplay jokes on me, will you?London was different from most European capitals.，厚街形容 作表 。拓展： 系 有：:be(是 ), look( 看起来 ), feel( 摸上去 ), seem(似乎是 ), appear(似乎、 得 ),prove( 明是 ), smell( 起来 ), taste( 起来 ), sound(听起来 )等18.Let sb. do sth. 某人做某事在 let 引 的祈使句中，sb 可以是名 ，也可以 代 的 格。Let him go.let 是
8、使役 ，常用的使役 有：make， have， leave 等。 They made me repeat the story.19.a pair of+ 不可数名 /可数名 的复数a pair of shoes20.look out= pay attention to当心、注意Look out ！There is a car coming ！拓展： look out of 向外看She stopped writing and looked out of the window.21.pick up 起，拾起She pick up a flower on the road.拓展： pick up
9、sth. 起某物，当 sth.是人称代 的 格 ，放在pick 之后，如： pick it up 。当sth.是名 ，可以放在pick up 中 或 up 之后，如： pick the pen up= pick up the pen 。22.in trouble 在困境中He s in trouble, let s help him.拓展：与 trouble 相关的短 ： get into trouble 惹上麻 have trouble （ in） doing sth. 做某事有困 23. success n. 成功I wish you success with your studies.拓
10、展： succeed v. 成功。 succeed in doing sth.successful adj. 成功的。His business is successful.224.tell sb sth.告诉某人某事He told me the reason.tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人做某事The teacher told him to clean the classroom.tell sb. not to do sth.告诉某人不做某事He told us not to buy clothes in this store.25. laugh at 嘲笑Don tlaugh
11、 at him, please.1. What do you _ your hometown? It is very beautiful. I love it very much.A.look atB.talk aboutC.think ofD.think over2.When I was in the supermarke, I forgot _ money with me.A.to takeB.to takingC.takingD.bringing3.Could you give me some advice? Idon tknow _. Whydon tyou wear this red
12、 shirt?A.when to wearB.what to wearC.how to wear D.where to wear4.Most of my classmates do ntlike to talk to teir parents, but I am _ them.A.different fromB.surprised atC.the same as D.proud of5.Wheresyour ticket? Show _ , please.A.me itB.it meC.me to it D.it to me6.-Tom, _ read books while you are
13、walking in the street.It svery dangerous. -OK, thank you.A.don tB.doesn tC.won tD.can t7.He _ a piece of waste paper, and put it into the rubbish bag.A.picked upB.threw awayC.looked forD.handed in8.I tsure our football team will _ thismatch.We rethe best.A.win B.failC.loseD.beat9.Our teacher often t
14、ells us _ in the river. It sdangerous.A.don tswimB.not swimC.not to swimD.not swimming10. Thanks to the Internet, different kinds of information _ in a short time.A.can be learnedB.has been learned C.can learn D.has learned语法被动语态（2）一 . 概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。二 . 主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换WeVisitedthat facto
15、rylast summer主动语态主语谓语宾语状语That factorywas visitedby uslast summer被动语态主语谓语宾语状语三 . 各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时（ 1） Do they speak French ?Is French spoken by them ?3am / is / are + P.P.一般过去时was / were + p.p.现在进行时am / is / are +being +p.p.（ 2） They don t use the room .（ 1） The hunter killed a tige
16、r .（ 2） He wrote many stories lastyear .（ 1）These workers are building anew bridge .（ 2） He is mending his car .The room isn t used by them .A tiger was killed by the hunter .Many stories was writtenby himlastyear .A new bridge is being built by these workers .His car is being mended by him .过去进行时（
17、1） He was selling books .was / were + being +（ 2） Theywere discussing thep.p.plan at that time .现在完成时（ 1 ） Shehas learned manyhave / has + been + p. p.English words .（ 2） He has finished the work .Books were being built by him .The plan was being discussed by them at that time .Many English words ha
18、ve been learned by her .The work has been finished by him .过去完成时had + been + p.p.一般将来时shall / will be + p.p.过去将来时would be + p.p.was/ were going to be +p.p.情态动词can / may / must / should+ be + p.p.（ 1 ） They has solved theproblem .（ 2） We had told him the newsby then .（ 1） I shall make a plan .（ 2） Th
19、ey are going to fix theradio in an hour .（ 1）He told me they would paintthe room .（ 2）They were going to put on aplay the next week .（ 1 ） We should hand in ourhomework .（ 2 ） You must answer the question in English .The problem had been solved by them .The news had been told to him by us .A plan wi
20、ll be made by me .The radio is going to be fixed by them in an hour .He told me the room would be painted by them .A play was going to be put by them the next week .Our homework should be handed in byus .The question must be answered in English by you .四 . 如何正确使用被动语态1. 有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可
21、把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“ to”。eg. He often tells us interesting stories .（主动语态）We are often told interesting stories by him .（被动语态）Interesting stories are often told to us by him .4常带双宾语的词有：tell , show , lend , pass 等。2. 在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定
22、式来充当， to 被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to 还要还原。eg. I often hear her sing this popular song .（主动语态）She is often heard to sing this popular song . （被动语态） 有这种用法的常用动词有：make , let , see , hear , watch , feel , notice 等。3. 有些“ be +过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语） 。”The door is closed.门是关着的。 (系表结构 )比较： 1.这个门是由
23、冯平来关的。被动语态)The door is closed by Fengping .(The glassis broken .这个玻璃杯是坏的。系表结构)(2.这个玻璃杯是玛丽弄坏的。 被动语态)The glass was broken by Mary .(4. 只有及物动词和可有宾语的动词 +介词词组才可以有被动语态。Great changeshavetaken place in China .(正确 )eg：Great changeshavebeen taken placein China . (错误 )The dolphin disappeare in the deepsea.(正确
24、)The dolphin was disappeared in the deepsea.(错误 )五、不能用被动语态的情况1. 不及物动词不能用于被动语态，如：appear，rise， die， happen， break out， take plac2. 表状态动词不能用于被动语态，如：hold ，have， cost， contain， become， look like 等3.某些动词的进行时可表示被动，如：The meat is cooking.肉正在煮着。4. 主动形式表示被动意义。1) 某些感官动词和系动词接形容词可以表示被动意义，如：look ，smell，taste，feel
25、，prove，wear， sound 等。eg：Her bedroom looks very clean and tidy.2) 动名词的主动形式表被动语态，如：want， deserve， need，require， take， worth 等。The book is worth reading.这本书值得读。The children need looking after.孩子们需要照顾。3) 某些做表语的形容词后，用不定式主动形式表被动意义。The conversation is hard to understand.这个对话很难理解。The fish is not easy to fis
26、h.鱼不容易上钩。The passage is difficult to read.这段文章很难读懂。1.The mobile phone has influenced people s life a lot since it _.A. inventsB. inventedC. is inventedD. was invented2.This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, _well.A. sellsB. sellC. is soldD. are sold3.The sports meeting _next month.5A. w
27、ill holdB. is going to holdC. will be held4. Excuse me. Im looking for Be the Best of Yourself.Sorry. The book you ask for_ out.A. is sellingB. is soldC. was sellingD. will be sold5.Annie _ to the party. She had a wonderful time with us.A. invitesB. is invitedC. was invitedD. has invited6.Many hou s
28、es _ in the earthquake of April 20, 2013 in Ya an.A. is destroyedB. are destroyedC was destroyedD. were destroyed7.Han Han s books are popular. They _ by many teenagers.A. is readB. was readC. are readD. were read8. Teenagers_allowed to drive.A. should not beB. should be notC. not should be9. At pre
29、sent, one of the best ways to study is working in groups. More chances _ to students to learn from each other.A. offerB. are offeredC. have offeredD. are offering10. I want to borrow the book, but I don t know how long it may For two. weeks.A. keepB. be borrowedC. borrowD. be kept11.Many trees _ on
30、the streets every years. So the air is very fresh now.A. plantB. are plantedC. plantedD. were planted12.Didnt you see the sign No Parking! on the right?Sorry, I didnt. But now I know parking_ here.A. wasnt allowedB. isnt allowedC. wont allowD. doesnt allow13.From May 6, pedestrians( 行人 ) _10 yuan if
31、 they run red lights, according to Beijing trafficauthorities.A. will fineB. were finedC. are fineD. will be fined14.What languages _ in that country? German and EnglishA. are speakingB. are spokenC. speakD. is spoken15.A year has four seasons and it _ twelve different star signs.A. divided intoB. i
32、s dividing intoC.divided intoD is divided into16.The child without parents _ good care of by his teachers in this special school.A. is takenB. are takenC. takeD. takes17. Clark, your room is really in a mess. It needs _ Sorry, mum. Ill do it at once.A. cleanB. cleanedC. to cleanD. to be cleaned18. “
33、 Frog，” Mo Yans latest novel, please! Sorry, it _ just now. But it will come out again soon.A. sold outB. is sold outC. has sold outD. was sold out19. Do you know Earth Day? Sure. Itin 1970 to tell us to protect our planet.A. sets upB. set upC. is set upD. was set up20A lot of trees _around here every year ， and we can enjoy fresher air now A were plantedB are plantedC will plantD are planting6