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1、高一英语必修一语法 一. 直接引语和间接引语 （一）直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语；用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内，间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时，除将引语部分变成宾语从句外，还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。 1. 时态的变化：直接引语变为间接引语时，通常受转述动词said, asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态，即把原来的时态向过去推，也就是一般现在时变为一般过去时，现在进行时变为过去进行时，等等。例如： Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his
2、homework.” Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework. 2. 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化： 根据意义进行相应的变化，例如： She asked Jack,“Where have you been?” She asked Jack where he had been. He said,“These books are mine.” He said that those books were his. （二）直接引语改为间接引语时，都使用陈述语序，但是因为原句的句式不同，所以变成间接引语时所用的连词
3、会有所不同。直接引语如果是一般疑问句，用连接词whether或if；如果是特殊疑问句，则用疑问词引导间接引语。转述的动词一般用asked，可以在其后加上一个间接宾语me, him, her, us等。如： She said,“Is your father at home?” She asked me if/whether my father was at home. “What do you do every Sunday?”My friend asked me. My friend asked me what I did every Sunday. 直接引语如果是祈使句，改为间接引语时，要将
4、祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据原句的语气（即请求或命令）加上ask, tell, order等动词，如果祈使句为否定式，则在不定式前加not。其句型为：ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something. 例如： She said to us,“Please sit down.” She asked us to sit down. He said to him,“Go away!” He ordered him to go away. He said, “Dont make so much noise, boys.” He
5、 told the boys not to make so much noise. All these books are to be taken to the library. Unit 1 直接引语和间接引语专项练习、单项填空1.He said, I am living with my brother.He said that _ was living with his brother.A. I B. you C. he D. they2.He said, You are sure to get a warm welcome there.He said that we _ sure to
6、get a warm welcome there.A. am B. was C. were D. are3.She says, Something is wrong with my bike.She says that something is wrong with _ bike.A. my B.a C. his D. her4.He said, I will not do so again.He said that he _ not do so again.A. will B. must C. would D. do5.The teacher said, My son had the sam
7、e experience as the little boy.The teacher said that his son had _ the same experience as the little boy.A. been B. have C. had D. done6.She said to me, My mother took me to an exhibition yesterday.She told me that her mother had taken _ to an exhibition the day before.A. she B. me C. her D. you7.Yo
8、u said to me, I saw the film two days ago.You told me that you had seen the film _A. two days B. two days before C. two days ago D. yesterday8.He said to his younger sister, You may come with me.He told his younger sister that _ with him.A. you may come B. you might comeC. she might come D. she migh
9、t go9.The student said to me, She has made a close study of the problem.The student told me that she _ a close study of the problem.A. has make B. have made C. had make D. had made10.He said, I live here.He said that he lived_. A. there B. here C. in there D. at there 、. 将下列句子变为间接引语： 1. “You should
10、be more careful next time,” his father said to him. 2. Mr. Wang said, “I will leave for Shanghai on business next month, children.”3. “I havent heard from my parents these days,” said Mary.4. The geography teacher said to us, “The moon moves around the earth and the earth goes round the sun.”5. She
11、said to him, “Its time that you left here.”6. Zhang Hong said to me, “Doctor Wang passed away in 1948.”7. John said to his parents, “I had learned 500 Chinese words by the end of last term.”8. The history teacher said to them, “The Chinese Communist Party was founded on July 1st , 1921.”9. He said,
12、“Are you a student?”10. “Have you anything interesting I can read, George?” she said.11. “Shes here to ask for help, isnt she?” he asked.12. “Where are you going?” the father asked his son.13. “Are you sorry for what you have done?” the mother asked the naughty boy.14. She said, “Did you meet this m
13、an at the station two hours ago, Mr. Li?”15. “Write your names on your papers first,” the teacher said to us.16. “Please come here again tomorrow,” her friend said to her.17. “Let me pack the parcel for you,” he said.18. “Dont make so much noise in class, boys and girls,” said the teacher.19. “What
14、a lovely day it is!”20. “Happy New Year to you!” he said.III. 把下列句子变为直接引语： 1. I told him that I had lost my money and that I would find it.2. She asked whether I would be free the next day or not.3. I asked her where she was going and what she was going to do the next day.4. His father told him not to climb that high tree in his new coat.5. The stranger asked me what my name was.6. The teacher asked if we could do it.