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1、XX县XX林场中幼林抚育项目的可行性报告XX县商局二三年五月二十八日XX县XX林场中幼林抚育项目的可行性报告1、项目名称中幼林抚育2、项目概况XX县地处江西省东北部，地形以低山和丘陵为主，属中亚热带湿润气候区，气候温和，雨量充沛，光照充足，无霜期长，土壤主要种类为红壤、黄红壤，土层深厚，肥力等级高，适宜林木生长。XX县XX林场成立于1988年，下设五个分场，1990-1995年共营造速生丰产林55441亩，其中杉木43661亩，国外松11780亩（阔叶树面积列入杉水中）。项目建设期间，造林五项指标的达标率均达到部颁标准，目前，前期营造的速丰林已郁闭成林，生长情况良好。但是，由于缺少资金，后期抚
2、育管理难以跟上，导致林下杂灌草丛生，已严重影响林木的正常生长，因此为了调整林分结构，改善林分生长条件，促进大中径材的培育，达到优质、速生、丰产的目的，对现有速丰林进行强化抚育是非常必要的。3、产品市场分析与预测近年来，国家为了保护生态环境，防止水土流失，禁止了部分省区的天然林的采伐，大力提倡营造与培育速生丰产林，以解决木材市场供不应求的局面。随着国家对经济宏观调控，扩大内需政策的启动，市场对木材的需求将越来越大，木材价格将缓步回升。4、建设规模与产品方案4.1建设规模选择93年、94年营造的速生丰产林26000亩进行重点抚育。4.2产品方案木材产品为建筑材、矿柱材、造低材，林副产品为松脂、薪材
3、。5、建设地点紫溪分场12000亩，大田分场4000亩，其中杉木12500亩，国外松3500亩。6、主要技术方案6.1中幼林抚育砍除林下杂灌，除萌、施肥、伐蔸不超过10公分，施肥选择姑地势平缓的山下部，施肥与培蔸同时进行。6.2防火线（林带）建设近年来，全国各地相继发生重大森林火灾，尤其是2000年清明前后，由于造林山场周围都有村民居住，所以防范森林火灾用当务之急。对原有的防火林带（已种植木荷，一般宽15-20米），将所有杂灌草连根铲掉，清理干净；靠近村庄、农田、路边的造林山场山脚，新开设防水线，宽10米，用锄将杂灌草铲净。6.3间伐、采脂、主伐林木生长初期，当林分郁闭度达0.9以上时，为调整
4、林分密度，改善林分生长条件，促进大中径材的培育，就必须对林分进行适度的间伐。主伐年龄为20年，国外松主伐前两年进行采脂。薪林由当地职工和农民作燃料，不另行计算。7、环境保护砍杂时，保留适量的阔叶树，如枫香、楮类、栎类等，特别是郁闭度低的山场，尤其要保护好现有植被，进行有选择的砍杂，以保持森林植被的多样性。培蔸时，由于已有大量被砍倒的植被铺在地上，所以可以尽量减少水土流失。对幼林的强化抚育，可促其加速生长，提前郁闭，对保持水土、涵养水原、净化空气，将发挥巨大作用。8、投资概算总投资160万元，其中抚育工资80万元，配套工程20.8万元，肥料款35.2万元，病虫害防治8万元，护林费16万元，详见表
5、一。表一：中幼林抚育 单位：元/亩、亩、元 类别单位投资定额抚育面积投资金额计量单位数量单价金额1、抚育工资5016000800000劈山工日2204016000640000培蔸施肥工日2010160001600002、配套工程1316000208000防火林带米241600064000防火线米39160001440003、肥料款公斤222160003520004、病虫害防治年0.5516000800005、护林费年1011016000160000合计100160001600000注：防火林带长32公里，防火线长48公里。9、资金筹措计划总投资160万元，其中立项贷款110万元，自筹50万元。
6、10、产量预测二三年、二七年各间伐一次，二一二年进行主伐，第一个轮伐期结束后，预计生产木材187995m3,其中衫木规格材112000 m3,非规格材40750 m3;松木规格材26040 m3，非规格材9205 m3;松脂420吨，详见表二。表二：产量预测表 单位：亩、m3/亩，m3、吨类别年限面积(亩)间 伐主 伐松脂(亩)采伐量规格材采伐量非规格材采伐量规格材采伐量非规格材采量产量杉木101250000.67500141250000.5670000.567000201250008.41050002.126250小计35001050002625010350020651435000.2484
7、00.248408401835000.124202035007.2252001.86300小计3500840290525200630042011、效益评估基地经营期满后（至2012年），可提供商品材187995 m3，松脂420吨，总产值9716.1万元，其中采运成本2331.54万元，上交税费3619.02万元，扣除建设期自筹资金50万元，还本利息149.6万元，净利润为3565.94万元。11.1产值单位：万m3、万元/ m3、万元、万吨类别年限产值合计间 伐 材主伐材松脂规格材非规格材规格材非规格材产量单价产量产量单价产量产量单价产量产量单价产量产量单价产量杉木10187.50.7500
8、250187.5144270.70003602520.7000250175207481.310.5000065068252.6250250656.3小计8095.80.72521.45362.510.56825656.3国外松1051.60.206525051.61446.20.084025.20.034025021181050.0422500105201417.52.520050012600.63250157.5小计1620.30.08425.20.290572.62.5212600.63157.5105合计9716.10.748277.21.7405435.113.0280853.2558
9、13.80.04210511.2生产成本、税、费木材采运成本包括生产准备、采作、集运、管理及其它费用，每立方米120元，采脂成本1800元/吨；税费包括育林基金20%，税收17.6%，合计销价的37.6%，松脂税费按销价的5%计。采运成本18.7995万m3120元/ m30.0420万吨1800元/吨=2331.54万元税金=(8095.8万元1515.3万元)37.6%105万元5% =3619.0236万元11.3财务费用XX县XX林场九至九二年营造速丰林27178亩，现已进入间伐期，至2003年可采伐间伐材24460立方米（每亩间伐0.9立方米），按现行市场价360元/立方米，可实现产
10、值880.567万元，扣除税（17.6%）、费（20%）331.09万元，采伐工资293.52万元，净利润为255.957万元，该利润可用来偿还立项贷款及相应的利息。贷款110万元，年利率按6%计，前六年偿还各年利息39.6万元（1106%6），第六年还本金110万元。11.4净利润净利润=产值-自筹资金-采运成本-税金-贷款本息 =9716.1-50-2331.54-3619.02-39.6 =3565.9（万元）11.5财务效益分析净现值（基准收益率10%）：10310750.62内部收益率：35.52%投资回收期=12-1+1439148/35998512=11年12、综合评价通过高质量
11、的抚育，可以促进林木的高、直径、材积的生长，提前郁闭，提高森林保持水土，涵养水原的能力，对保护生态环境起着巨大的作用，同时还能带来巨大的经济效益和社会效益，增加当地农民劳务收入，提高本场职工工资收入，为国家创造税金。因此，我们认为该项目是可行的，请上级部门给予政策和资金的大力支持。现金流量表单位：元2001200220032004200520062007200820092010201120121收入239100047320001050000889880001.1间伐林239100047320001.2主伐林889880001.3松脂10500002支出188400240001171800240
12、0024000240001905600240002400078000019530002.1抚育工资800002.2肥料3520002.3采运工资11478001881600756000195300002.4配套工资2080002.5其它240002400024000240002400024000240002400003.1本金240003.2利息660006600066000660006600066000-240004税费899000177923252500334594885净现金流量-1884000-9000254184-9000-90000-9000-118222-24000-240021
13、75000359985126累计净现金流量-1384000-1474000-1219816-1309816-1309816-1489816-1489816-1608648-1656648-1489148-143914834559364净现值（基准收益率10%）：IPQ10,310,750.00内部收益率 35%Editors note: Judson Jones is a meteorologist, journalist and photographer. He has freelanced with CNN for four years, covering severe weather f
14、rom tornadoes to typhoons. Follow him on Twitter: jnjonesjr (CNN) - I will always wonder what it was like to huddle around a shortwave radio and through the crackling static from space hear the faint beeps of the worlds first satellite - Sputnik. I also missed watching Neil Armstrong step foot on th
15、e moon and the first space shuttle take off for the stars. Those events were way before my time.As a kid, I was fascinated with what goes on in the sky, and when NASA pulled the plug on the shuttle program I was heartbroken. Yet the privatized space race has renewed my childhood dreams to reach for
16、the stars.As a meteorologist, Ive still seen many important weather and space events, but right now, if you were sitting next to me, youd hear my foot tapping rapidly under my desk. Im anxious for the next one: a space capsule hanging from a crane in the New Mexico desert.Its like the set for a Geor
17、ge Lucas movie floating to the edge of space.You and I will have the chance to watch a man take a leap into an unimaginable free fall from the edge of space - live.The (lack of) air up there Watch man jump from 96,000 feet Tuesday, I sat at work glued to the live stream of the Red Bull Stratos Missi
18、on. I watched the balloons positioned at different altitudes in the sky to test the winds, knowing that if they would just line up in a vertical straight line we would be go for launch.I feel this mission was created for me because I am also a journalist and a photographer, but above all I live for
19、taking a leap of faith - the feeling of pushing the envelope into uncharted territory.The guy who is going to do this, Felix Baumgartner, must have that same feeling, at a level I will never reach. However, it did not stop me from feeling his pain when a gust of swirling wind kicked up and twisted t
20、he partially filled balloon that would take him to the upper end of our atmosphere. As soon as the 40-acre balloon, with skin no thicker than a dry cleaning bag, scraped the ground I knew it was over.How claustrophobia almost grounded supersonic skydiverWith each twist, you could see the wrinkles of
21、 disappointment on the face of the current record holder and capcom (capsule communications), Col. Joe Kittinger. He hung his head low in mission control as he told Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted.The supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunday.The weather plays an importa
22、nt role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather
23、lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause), he can expect a lot of turbu
24、lence.The balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet (22.7 miles/36.53 kilometers). Here, Fearless Felix will unclip. He will roll back the door.Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform.Below, the Earth becomes the concret
25、e bottom of a swimming pool that he wants to land on, but not too hard. Still, hell be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it will not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. It will be like he is diving into the shallow end.Skydiver preps for the big jumpWhen he jumps, he is expected to re
26、ach the speed of sound - 690 mph (1,110 kph) - in less than 40 seconds. Like hitting the top of the water, he will begin to slow as he approaches the more dense air closer to Earth. But this will not be enough to stop him completely.If he goes too fast or spins out of control, he has a stabilization
27、 parachute that can be deployed to slow him down. His team hopes its not needed. Instead, he plans to deploy his 270-square-foot (25-square-meter) main chute at an altitude of around 5,000 feet (1,524 meters).In order to deploy this chute successfully, he will have to slow to 172 mph (277 kph). He w
28、ill have a reserve parachute that will open automatically if he loses consciousness at mach speeds.Even if everything goes as planned, it wont. Baumgartner still will free fall at a speed that would cause you and me to pass out, and no parachute is guaranteed to work higher than 25,000 feet (7,620 m
29、eters).It might not be the moon, but Kittinger free fell from 102,800 feet in 1960 - at the dawn of an infamous space race that captured the hearts of many. Baumgartner will attempt to break that record, a feat that boggles the mind. This is one of those monumental moments I will always remember, because there is no way Id miss this.