《unig I used to be really short. 4a-4c.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《unig I used to be really short. 4a-4c.ppt（58页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、Unit -5 What are the shirts made of ?,Period 5 Section A 4a4c,New words,Germany 德国 surface n. 表面；表层 postman n. 邮递员 cap n（. 尤指有帽舌的）帽子 glove n（. 分手指的）手套,根据汉语提示完成单词。,1. Toney has to drive to meet his (老板) at the airport this afternoon. 2. His father built a new house with different used (材料) beside the
2、 river.,boss,material,3. This kind of car is very expensive and only made in (德国)by hand. 4. The river is polluted and the (表面)of the water is covered with oil. 5. The girl sat outside the door and waited for the (邮寄员) every day.,Germany,surface,postman,呈现短语，朗读并背诵短语：,1. on the last Friday of each mo
3、nth 在每月的最后一个星期五 2. in Germany 在德国 3. most of the earths surface 地球的大部分表面 4. cause many traffic accidents 导致许多的交通事故 5. use this silver plate 使用这个银制的盘子,Is it made of silver? It was made in Thailand. What is the model plane made of? Where is tea produced in China? How is it grown? It is planted on the
4、side of mountains. They are picked by hand and then are sent for processing.,Read the sentences below, paying attention to the underlined parts.,Passive Voice,被动语态,一、语态概述 英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。 例如：Many people speak English. 谓语speak的动作是由主语many people来执
5、行的。,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。 例如：English is spoken by many people. 主语English是动词speak的承受者。,二、一般现在时被动语态的构成： 肯定：主语+is/am/are+过去分词+其他+（by+主动语态句子的主语） 否定：主语+is/am/are+ not+过去分词+其他+（by+主动语态句子的主语）,Many people speak English.,主动句与被动句之间的转换,English is spoken by many people.,主语 谓语动词主动语态的现在式 宾语,主语 谓
6、语动词被动语态的过去分词 介词+ 宾语,1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。,三、主动语态变被动语态的方法,We often use a recorder in our English class.,宾语,A recorder is often used in our English class （by us）.,主语,谓语,2.把谓语变成被动结构(be过去分词) 。(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式),We often use a recorder in our English class.,A recorder is often us
7、ed in our English class （by us）.,一般现在时的被动语态,3.把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格, 如主语是人称代词，一般省略。 They make the bikes in the factory.,The bikes are made （by them）in the factory.,4.在主动语态句中动词make、have、let、see、watch、hear、feel等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不定式不加to。但变成被动语态时后面 的不定式都须加上to。例如： (1)The boss makes them work ten ho
8、urs a day. (2)Tom lets his little sister water flowers every day.,They are made to work ten hours a day.,His little sister is let to water flowers every day by Tom.,5.含有双宾语的句子，主动句中的间接宾语或者直接宾语都可 变为被动语态中的一个主语，另一个保留不变。变为主语的若 是主动句中的直接宾语在变为间接宾语前则需加介词to或 for。常用双宾语的动词：show/give/offer/send /bring/ lend /tea
9、ch/buy。 例如： The teacher gives the pupils some advice.,The pupils are given some advice by the teacher.,直接宾语,间接宾语,Some advice is given to the pupils by the teacher.,歌诀是： 宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。 谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。,把下列句子变为含被动语态的句子：,1.Mr. Li corrects the students homework every morning.,The students homework
10、is corrected by Mr. Li every morning.,2.People play basketball all over the world.,Basketball is played by people all over the world.,主语,主语,谓语,宾语,谓语,宾语,Practice,3. We often see him help his classmates.,He is often seen to help his classmates.,4. The trees cover the whole mountain.,5.The teachers tak
11、e care of the children.,The whole mountain is covered by the trees.,The children are taken care of by the teachers.,People play football all over the world. 2. The old man on TV tells a story on Sunday. 3. Students listen to the kind teacher carefully.,Football is played all over the world by people
12、.,A story is told by the old man on TV on Sunday.,The kind teacher is listened to by students carefully.,把下列的主动句变为被动句。,1) Sunglasses _ (use) for protecting peoples eyes. 2) A picture _ (put) up on the blackboard. 3) French _ (speak) in France.,are used,is put,is spoken,用所给动词的正确形式填空。,4) Which languag
13、e _ the most widely _ (speak) in the world? 5) The students _ often _ (tell) to take care of their desks and chairs. 6) Vegetables, eggs and fruits _ (sell) in this shop.,is,spoken,are,told,are sold,1. Tea is grown in South China.（改为主动语态） People _ _ in South China. 2. People use metal for making mac
14、hines. (改为被动语态) Metal _ _ _ making machines.,grow,tea,按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。,is,used,for,3. They produce silk in Suzhou. (改为被动句) Silk _ _ in Suzhou. 4. We call maths the language of science. (改为被动句) Maths _ _ the language of science.,is,produced,is,called,1. Cotton (棉花) _ in the southeast of China. A. is g
15、rown B. are grown C. grows D. grow 2. The Great Wall _ all over the world. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known,A,选择正确答案。,C,3. In some parts of the world, tea _ with milk and sugar. A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served 4. Do you often clean your classroom? Yes. Our classroom _ every d
16、ay. A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned D. is cleaning,B,C,4a Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.,1. Children under 18 _(not allow) to watch this show without their parents. 2. We _(pay) by the boss on the last Friday of each month. 3. A: What language _(speak) in Ge
17、rmany？B: Most people speak German, but many can speak English, too. 4. Most of the earths surface _(cover) by water. 5. The classroom _ (clean) by the students every day.,are not allowed,are paid,is spoken,is covered,is cleaned,Farmers plant the tea on the sides of mountains. _ 2. This shop uses the
18、 best materials to make dresses. _ 3. Careless driving causes many traffic accidents. _ 4. The postman brings letters and postcards to peoples homes. _ 5. Our family does not use this silver plate very often. _,The tea is planted on the sides of mountains by farmers.,The best materials are used to m
19、ake dresses by this shop.,Many traffic accidents are caused by careless driving.,Letters and postcards are brought to peoples homes by the postman.,This silver plate isnt used very often by our family.,4b Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.,4c,SA: Whats your pencil made of? SB: Its made o
20、f wood. SA : Where was it made ? SB: It was made in Shanghai.,SA: Whats your jacket made of? SB: Its made of . SA : Where was it made ? SB: It was made in .,SA: Whats your sweater made of? SB: Its made of . SA : Where was it made ? SB: It was made in .,SA: What are your gloves made of? SB: They are
21、made of . SA : Where were they made ? SB: They were made in .,SA: What are your earrings made of? SB: They are made of . SA : Where were they made ? SB: They were made in .,SA: What are your sports shoes made of? SB: They are made of . SA : Where were they made ? SB: They were made in .,被动语态的几种句型,1.
22、 肯定句 主语 + be + 过去分词 + (by),A sweet song is sung by her on the stage.,2. 否定句 主语 + be + not +过去分词 + (by),3. 一般疑问句 Be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by)?,A sweet song isnt sung by her on the stage.,Is a sweet song sung by her on the stage?,4. 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by)?,Where is a sweet song sung by her?,Do you w
23、ater your flowers every day?(变为被动句) Trees and flowers are planted every year to make our country more beautiful. (变为疑问句),Are your flowers watered by you every day?,Are trees and flowers planted every year to make our country more beautiful？,按要求改写下列句子。,3. This English song is sung by the girls after
24、class. 改为否定句 改为一般疑问句，并做肯定和否定回答 对划线提问,This English song is not sung by the girls after class.,Is this English song sung by the girls after class?,When is this English song sung by the girls?,被动语态的运用: （1） 不知道谁是动作的执行者或没 有必要知道谁是动作的执行者时。 The house is quite old. It was built in 1950. 这座房子太旧了，它是1950年建的。 Wh
25、en will the road be opened to traffic? 这条路什么时候通车?,（2） 需要强调动作的对象即宾语时。 Calculator cant be used in the math exam. 计算器不能用于数学考试。 He was awarded first prize in that contest. 他在比赛中获得了第一。,有时为了礼貌等原因不愿说出行为者,这时也常用被动语态。 The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month. 新实验室必须在下个月底前完工。
26、You are requested to give a performance. 请你给我们表演一个节目。,（3）,主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项： 含有双宾语，即直接宾语(常指事物)和间接宾语(常指人)的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。 Jack told us the truth. We were told the truth by Jack. The truth was told (to) us by Jack.,He passes me the football. (改成被动语态) I _ _ the football by him.
27、 The football _ _ _ me by him.,am,passed,is,passed,to,动词的主动形式表示被动之意 1). 系动词无被动语态：以主动形式表示被动之意。常见的系动词有： be动词, look, seem, appear, feel, sound, smell, taste等 It smells terrible. 2).下列动词(词组)没有被动式： happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, take An accident happened yesterday.,注 意,3). 不及物动词sell, was
28、h, read, write, open, close, shut, lock, wear等，常用主动形式表示被动意义。 This book sells well. 这本书畅销。 The kind of cloth washes well. 这种布很容易洗。,4). 在英语口语中，有时可用“get+过去分词”构成被动语态。如： I got dressed as quickly as l could. 我尽快穿上衣服。 这样结构比较常见的搭配有：get arrested, get caught, get dressed, get drowned, get drunk, get lost, get
29、 married等。,Pair Work,A: Where are ? B: They are in ,grow in Brazil,grow in Colombia,grow in China,grow in Canada,A: Where is / are ? B: It is / They are in ,followed by,interviewed by,【2013江苏常州】This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, _ well. A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold 【解析】某些
30、可以和well, easily, smoothly等副词连用的不及物动词如read, write, wash, clean, draw, cook, sell, lock, open等, 且主语是非生命的名词或代词, 用主动结构表被动含义。本句的主语为This listening material为第三人称单数; sell well意为“畅销”。句意为“这个听力材料以及它的光盘很畅销。”故选A。,中考链接,【2013河南】 Excuse me. Im looking for Be the Best of Yourself. Sorry. The book you ask for_ out. A
31、. is selling B. is sold C. was selling D. will be sold 【解析】主语the book和动词sell构成被动关系，又时态为一般现在时，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。答语句意“对不起，你要的书已售完”。故选B。,【2013广西南宁】 Han Hans books are popular. They _ by many teenagers. A. is read B. was read C. are read D. were read 【解析】由上句可知韩寒的书很受欢迎，用一般现在时；主语they是复数形式，故答案选C项。,【2013湖北宜昌】 A
32、t present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups. More chances _ to students to learn from each other. A. offer B. are offered C. have offered D. are offering 【解析】句子大意为“小组学习为学生提供了更多相互学习的机会”。“机会”和“提供”之间存在被动关系，须用被动语态。四个选项中，只有are offered为被动语态。故选B。,【2013湖北襄阳】 Didnt you see the sign “No Park
33、ing!” on the right? Sorry, I didnt. But now I know parking _ here. A. wasnt allowed B. isnt allowed C. wont allow D. doesnt allow 【解析】由上句中的“No Parking!”可知，停车不被允许，根据时间状语now可知，考察一般现在时态的被动语态，故选B。,【2013广东梅州】The child without parents _ good care of by his teachers in this special school. A. is taken B. a
34、re taken C. take D. takes 【解析】主语the child与动词短语take care of之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。,【2013浙江宁波】 Have you finished your project? Not yet. Ill finish it if I _ ten more minutes. A. give B. am given C. will give D. will be given 【解析】句意“如果再给我十分钟我会完成它”，主语与动词give之间是被动关系，在条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。故选B。,【2013湖北黄石】Thi
35、s pair of shoes _ hand, and it _ very comfortable. A. is made with; is felt B. are made from; is felt C. are made of; feels D. is made by; feels 【解析】句意: “这双鞋是由手工制成的，它感觉起来很舒服”, 主语this pair of shoes不能执行谓语动词make, 故用被动语态, 且主语为第三人称单数形式, 用is made by的被动结构; feel为连系动词, 不能用被动语态，故选D。,1. Children under 18 _ (no
36、t allowed) to watch this show without their parents. 2. We _ (pay) by the boss on the last Friday of each month. 3. A: What language _ (speak) in Germany? B: Most people speak German, but many can speak English, too.,are not allowed,are paid,is spoken,4a Complete the sentences with the correct forms
37、 of the verbs in brackets.,4. Most of the earths surface _ (cover) by water. 5. The classroom needs to _ (clean) every day.,is covered,be cleaned,2. In China, farmers grow the best rice in the northeast. 3. Careless driving causes many traffic accidents.,In China, the best rice are grown (by farmers
38、) in the northeast.,Many traffic accidents are caused by careless driving.,Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.,4. The postman brings letters and postcards to peoples homes. 5. Our family does not use this silver plate very often.,Letters and postcards are brought to peoples homes (by the postman).,This silver plate is not used very often in our family.,