初中语法之数词.ppt

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1、数词,Numerals,数 词,基数词,序数词,数量,顺序,一.基数词、序数词,first,second,third,fourth,fifth,sixth,eighth,ninth,twelfth,twentieth,twenty-first,fortieth,one hundredth,one hundred and fifth,one hundred and twenty-ninth,nineteenth,基数词的构成,1）112, 独立成词。 one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve 2）13-19, 由

2、39 + teen构成。 14fourteen 16-sixteen 17-seventeen 19nineteen 特殊拼写: 13 thirteen 15-fifteen 18eighteen 3）2090, 以-ty结尾。 20twenty 30-thirty 40forty 50fifty 80-eighty 60-sixty 70-seventy 90ninety 4）2199， 两位数，十位与个位之间有 “”。 21 twentyone 55 fiftyfive 99 ninetynine 5）101999，三位数，百位与十位/个位之间加and。 101 one hundred a

3、nd one 840 eight hundred and forty 693 six hundred and ninety-three,29,431,500,7,6,thousand,hundred,million,billion,and,6) 1，000以上数目,从右向左每三位用“，” 分开,分别读为thousand , million, billion,基数词的构成,二.基数词的读法,1、百位和十位间用 and 连接, 十位和个位间用 - 连接,three hundred and twenty-one,321,2、右往左数,三位一组,逗号隔开.依次是 thousand(千) million

4、 (百万) billion (十亿),four thousand three hundred and twenty-one,seven million,six hundred and fifty four thousand three hundred and twenty-one,7,654,321,1,987,654,321,4,321,one billion nine hundred and eighty-seven million,six hundred and fifty-four thousand three hundred and twenty-one,1. hundred tho

5、usand (表示具体数字) million billion 2. hundreds thousands (表示概数) millions billions,三.基数词的用法,数词 (several)+,+ of,some / many hundreds of,1. If a = 3, b=4, whats the answer to the problem, a+2ab+1=? the answer is_. A. twenty eight B. twenty-eighth C. twenty-eight 2. In our school several _ students are able

6、 to search the Internet . A. hunderd of B. hunderds of C. hundred,3. There are over nine _ workers in the factory, but _ of young people hope to work in it. A. hundred; hundreds B. hundreds; hundreds C. hundreds; hundred,序数词的构成,1) 13, first, second, third 。 2) 419, 相应基数词+th, 特殊拼写:fifth, eighth, nint

7、h, twelfth。 3) 2090, y变成ie +th,如twentieth。 4) 2199, 只把个位的基数词变成序数词 如twenty-first。 5) 序数词缩写-数字最后两字母 如1st, 2nd, 3rd ,4th, 月日年 在2008年10月1日,四.数词的表示法 年月日,on Octorber the first, two thousand and eight,on August the ninth,in May, two thousand and ten,有日用 on 无日用in,on Oct. 1st , 2008, 月日 在8月9日 月年 在2010年5月,基变序

8、,有规律, 一、二、三，特殊记，面目全非要注意， 加th从4起， 八少“t”，九去“e”， “ve”要用“f”替，(five, twelve) 见“y”变成“i”和“e”，词尾加上“th”， (twenty, thirty,ninety) 若是遇到几十几，只变个位就可以。 序数词缩写记清楚,数字后跟两字母。,(序数词构成规律),1. The accident happened on_. A. April 5, 2001 B. 2001, April 5 C. April 2001, 5 2. I was born _. A. in March 8, 1993 B. on July 9, 199

9、4 C. on May, 1995,20世纪90年代,in the 1990s,在他50多岁时,in his fifties,四.数词的表示法 年代世纪,in the,in ones + 整十基数词复数 在某人几十岁时,nineteen,nineties,1. There will be more chances in _ century than in _ century. A. twenty-one, twenty B. twenty-first, twentieth C. the twenty-first, the twentieth 2. The city changed a lot

10、_. A. in 1980s B. in the 1980s C. in the 1980,3. He graduated in _ of _ century. A. the sixtieth; twenty B. sixty; the twentieth C. the sixties; the twentieth 4. He got the prize _. A. in his fifties B. in fifties C. in his fifty,基数词的用法,1、表示具体数目,hundred, thousand, million不用复数 表示不确定数目,用复数。即hundreds o

11、f(数百), thousands of(数千), millions of(数百万)+ 名词复数, 可以用many/several修饰，但不能与具体数目连用。 1) Our country has a population of 1,300 million people. 2) There are three thousand students in our school. 3) After the war, thousands of people became homeless. 4) Several / Many thousands of trees must be planted ever

12、y year.,one oclock,ten past two,half past three,twenty to five,a quarter past five,a quarter to seven,seven fifty,表示在几点钟用介词 at,四.数词的表示法 时间,2、 “几十”的复数形式可以表示： 几十多岁 - in + ones + 数词复数 年 代 - in + the +数词复数 1) He died in his forties四十多岁 2) In the nineties, most people go to work by bike. 90年代,3、“基数词+名词”

13、的合成形容词作定语， 中间有连字符“”,当中的名词用单数。 a 3 year old girl a seven-day holiday,4、表计量- “基数词+度量单位+形容词” The classroom is 7 meters long, 6 meters wide and 3 meters high.,5、表示时刻 (介词用at) 1)顺读法-先时后分, “几点几分” 9:30 nine thirty 6:21 six twenty-one,3) 15分钟：a quarter 30分钟：a half 9:15 a quarter past nine 12:30 half past twe

14、lve,2)逆读法-先分后时 表示“几点过几分”，半小时以内，介词用past 分钟数+past +钟点数 10:10 ten past ten 8:20 twenty past eight,表示“几点差几分”，半小时以上，介词用to 60减原分钟+ to + (下一个)钟点数 9:50 ten to ten 7:40 twenty to eight,(1)序数词作定语，前面要加the； The first truck is carrying a food basket John lives on the fifteenth floor She is my first English teach

15、er. (2)有时加a/an，“再一”，“又一” 的意思 Well have to do it a second time Shall I ask him a third time？ When I sat down，a fourth man rose to speak They had a second child in 1988,序数词的用法,1. Its already 7:40 now. When will the film start? _. We still have five minutes. A. A quarter to seven B. Seven past forty-fi

16、ve C. A quarter to eight,编号表示法,编号在前，名词在后，用序数词，前面有the 编号在后，名词在前，用基数词，注意首字母大写 房间号码和电话号码要一个一个分别读,The First Lesson（在句子中不大写）Lesson One,the thirty-second page Page 32 / Page Thirty-two,Room 305,Bus No.12,第一课 第32页 第305房间 第12路公共汽车,1 5,分子 基数词 分母 序数词,one fifth,2 7,分子 1 分母 + s,two sevenths,1 4,分子 a 分母 quarter,

17、a quarter,3 4,three quarters,1 2,a half,1 3,three and one third,3,基数词 + and + 分数,四.数词的表示法 分数百分数,1/4 one-fourth a (one) quarter 3/4 three-fourths three quarters 2/3 two-thirds 1/2 a (one) half 半年 half a year 半小时 half an hour 一年半 one and a half years one year and a half,分数表示法,分子用基数词，分母用序数词。 分子大于1时，分母加

18、-s。,80 %,基数词 + percent,eighty percent,half / (百)分数 + of + 可数名词复数 谓语动词用复数 half / (百)分数 + of + 不可数名词 谓语动词用单数,3.78,three point seven eight,1999 nineteen ninety-nine two thousand and eight 1949年10月1日 读作: October (the) first, nineteen forty-nine (月-日，年) the first of October, nineteen forty-nine（日-月，年） 写作

19、: October 1st,1999(日用缩写，月-日-年) October 1, 1999 (日用数字) 1st October,1999日-月，年,年份、日期表达法,年用基数词表示,两位一读,介词用in 日用序数词表示,介词用on,表示“在世纪”, 用序数词。 在20世纪 写作：in 20th century 读作：in the twentieth century,1. _ of the students _ boys in Class A. Two three; are B. Two thirds; are C. Two thirds; is 2. _ of her money _ sp

20、ent on clothes. A. Two three; are B. Two thirds; is C. Two third; is 3. _ the teachers in our school is about one hundred, and _ of them are women teachers. A. The number of; two third B. The number of ; two thirds C. A number of; two thirds,一个半小时 两个半小时,two and a half hours = two hours and a half,on

21、e and a half hours = one hour and a half,四.数词的表示法 半的表示法,1. The boy always stays there for _. A. one and half hour B. one and a half hour C. one and a half hours 2. The old man drank_ beer. A. two bottles and a half B. two and a half bottle C. two bottle and a half,一倍 once，两倍 twice， 三倍 three times (三

22、倍或以上 基数词times),四.数词的表示法 倍数,This box is five times as big as that one. =This box is four times bigger than that one., A + be + 倍数 + as +adj.原+ as +B. A是B的 倍 C + be + 倍数 + adj.比+ than +D. C比D 倍,1. This building is _ that building. A. three time as tall as B. twice taller than C. three times as taller

23、as 2. 我的箱子比你的重六倍! My box is _ yours.,six times heavier than,seven times as heavy as,一般编码用 名词 + 基数词 207房 三年级一班 第五部分 第一课 3 号汽车 第一中学,Room 207 Class one Grade three part five = the fifth part lesson one = the first lesson Bus No.3 = the No.3 bus No. 1 Middle School,四.数词的表示法 编号, The winner is _. He is an

24、 _ boy . A. eight-year-old; eight years old B. eight years old; eight-year-old C. eight-years old; eight-year-old He came to China _. A. at the age of 20 B. when he is 20 C. at age of 20,四.数词的表示法 年龄, The river is about _. A. 6,000 meters long B. 6,000-meters-long C. 6,000-meter-long,四.数词的表示法 计量,be +

25、 数词 + 量词 + 形容词,1. (2004年上海市徐汇区中考试题) About _ students in our class can describe that place in English. A. three-fifths B. three-fifth C. third-five D. third-fifths 答案：A。该题考查的是分数的表示法。分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示。分子大于1时，分母应加-s，因此应选A。,2. (2004年河北省中考试题) Nine _ pounds a week? Thats very good. A. hundred of B. hundre

26、ds of C. hundreds D. hundred 答案：D。该题考查的是数词的用法。Nine hundred是一个具体的数量，这是数词不能用复数形式，后面也不能加of。所以应选D。,1/2 1/3 1/4 24/25 3/4 3,three fourths / three quarters,one third /a third,twenty-four twenty-fifths,three and six sevenths,one quarter /a quarter/ one fourth,a half,Can you read a fraction?,What is the tim

27、e?,six /six oclock,four o five / five past four,seven fifteen /a quarter past seven,nine twenty / twenty past nine,nine thirty /half past nine,six forty /twenty to seven,1.What is ten and eight? 2.How old are you? 3.When were you born? 4.What class are you in? 5.How many students are there in your c

28、lass? 6.Whats your telephone number? 7.How long is the Great Wall? 8.Whats the population of China? 9.When do you usually get up?,Ask and answer in pairs,Try your best ! speak loudly and quickly!,test,14,40,50,15,17,70,90,19,18,80,60,16,Summary(小结),1.基数词的构成（6点） 2.序数词的构成（5点，记歌谣） 3.基数词的用法(hundred, tho

29、usand,million、岁数与 年代、“基名”、计量、时刻） 4.序数词的用法(加the, a/an) 5.编号表示法(可用序数词/基数词,注意加the或大写) 6.分数表示法(分子:基数 分母:序数) 7.年份、日期、的表达法(年:基数 日、世纪:序数),Homework 1、选择题 2、默写基数词和序数词 3、改错练习 4、writing-注意大小写，标点，连接词等 今天是2008年4月2日,星期三, 天气晴朗。早上我8：30分起床，很快复习完第五单元，然后坐5路公汽去了金港湾超市（Golden Gulf Mall） 。超市里面大约有1000人，他们当中约40%的人是学生。在三楼我碰到一个老外Mr. Will，他比我高一英尺。我们交谈了半个小时。我多么希望能和他再谈一次。买了2.6公斤苹果，三瓶可乐，我高兴地回家了。,Thank you !,