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1、九年级英语暑期专题如何做好首字母填空题首字母填空类短文题是近几年中考试题经常采用的题型之一，因为它有非常好的信度和效度， 又能拉开考生间的分差、 提高区分度。 这种题型属于能力测试的范畴，它考查的范围极广， 可以是英语知识的方方面面， 还可能涉及其它学科。它要求考生在充分理解短文的基础上将单词拼写出来，并且单词形式合理，符合语法规范， 符合短文需要。 这种试题的首字母已给， 所填的就必须是该字母开头的单词。这既是一种限制，又是一种提示 。可是这种题型因难度相对较大，考生失分现象比较严重。学生要仔细阅读全文，利用上下文提供的有关信息， 再仔细阅读相关句子， 判断所缺单词的句子成分，才能完成练习。
2、 完型填空式中考试卷中最难的题型， 最能测量考生实际运用语言的能力。 要做好此类题目， 考生不但要有较强的语感， 善于体会上下文的内在联系，而且要有扎实的语言知识储备和较大的词汇量。考查重点是名词、动词、形容词、副词和代词这几大词类。首字母填空特点及中考趋势：1) 首字母填空题答题时要求既要使所填的词在语法和语义上正确，又要使其符合短文内容与情景的需要，所给出的词首字母同时起着提示和限定的作用。它不仅考查学生在词汇、 语法等方面的基础知识， 还考察理解、推导、分析等综合能力。2) 从近几年的考题来看，短文填空题所考查的单词涉及的词性范围较广，几乎涉及到了十大词类；文中所涉及的语言知识面较宽，学
3、生需运用已学过的词法、句法及常用词组、短语、惯用法等知识进行具体分析后再答题，有一定的难度。文章短小、精致，字数通常在 100150之间。短文的体裁不一，有记叙文、说明文、议论文等。短文题材丰富，内容通俗易懂，与现代生活紧密相关，如：英国人分期付款购房；度假回来的路上买家具的小故事；食物对不同年龄段的人的不同影响；被驯化的动物可以为人们做事情等，可读性、趣味性强，符合初中生的认知特点。1九年级英语暑期专题首字母填空的解题方法和技巧：短文填空题失分率较高， 其原因也是较多的。 有些同学或急于求成， 或过于自信，或为节省时间，在未通读完全文时便匆匆答题。 殊不知这样做会适得其反，达不到良好的效果。
4、因此，了解和掌握正确的解题方法和技巧是十分必要的。通读全文，了解大意短文中虽有一些词未知，但不影响对文章主要内容的理解。在初步阅读中，可以跳过空格，尽量捕捉文章所提供的内容信息，以及语法结构方面的提示，有助于下一步的分析与判断。再读全文，理清脉络通读全文、掌握大意后，还应逐字逐句地仔细阅读，从文意中找出句与文、句与句、词与句、词与词之间的关系，尤其是一些不易察觉的、隐含的微妙关系，用已知信息去获取未知信息，以便初步确定答案。在答题过程中，同学们可以把有把握的词先填好，逐步减少空格对阅读造成的障碍，然后再仔细推敲剩下的难题。仔细推敲，确保准确词义判断正确了不等于答题正确，同学们还应从词法、句法、
5、惯用法等方面考虑答案的准确性。有的学生经过思考确定了一个意思正确的词作为答案，但忽略了从语法角度再进行验证，因而出现了一些与时态、人称等有关的词形变化的错误。如果填的词是名词，首先要考虑到单、复数的问题；如果是动词，要考虑应使用什么时态和语态。注意：填入的词既能使句意通顺， 又能做到语法、用词搭配的正确。如 bought 易误答成 buy； lights易误答成 light ； reaches易误答成 reach; heavier易误答成heavy等。 因此，在初步确定答案后，一定还要反复考虑，仔细推敲，确保用词准确复读全文，全面检查答题完毕后复读全文， 进行核查是必不可少的。 做完题后，一定
6、要认真检查，尽量减少粗心所致的笔误或拼写错误，对有疑问的地方，更要根据文章的内容、上下文的语法结构、逻辑发展进行反复斟酌，这样才能尽量避免失分。2九年级英语暑期专题专项题型解析例题解析Dogs are good pets. They are very f 1to people and also very beautiful. Mostdogs get on very well with c 2and their parents. Others are good watch-dogsbecause they cry loudly when a s 3arrives.When you buy a
7、dog, an important thing to think about is its s 4 buy asmall dog if your home is small and a bigger one if y 5is larger. Many peopledon t know how much to feed their dogs. Dogs eat 6anything! They like meat,rice and lots of other things. You can buy lots of food m 7 for dogs in shops. Don t let your
8、 dogs eat too much. Feed it only once a day. Always 8 water foryour dog. It can get thirsty very quickly, especially in s 9.Remember that dogs need e10. You should take it for a walk every day. Don tkeep your dog inside all day.答案及简析1. friendly. 人们之所以把狗作为宠物来养， 主要是因为它们比较通人性， 且对人很友好，能给人们带来欢乐。根据 “be ve
9、ry f 1 to people 来”分析，此空应填一个形容词，表明狗对人的态度。 friend 是名词， friendly 是形容词，故 friendly 是正确答案。2. children. 宠物狗自然是在家中养， 它们除了听主人的话以外，与家中的小主人即孩子也是好朋友。由于是指大多数家庭的情况，并受their 一词的提示，此处应填 “孩子 ”的复数形式，即children。3. stranger. 狗的天性是护家。文中的 watch-dogs 意为 “看家狗 ”，专门指有生人来时发出叫喊的狗。 “生人 ”在英文中即为 stranger。4. size. 这个空略微有点难。一是 size
10、一词平时用得较少，二是一般家庭都养小型犬，供狗活动的空间一般不成问题，因此，对狗的体积问题考虑的较少。从后面的句子来看，此处是在谈狗的体积的问题 “如果你的家小，就买一只小狗；如果你的家大，就买一只大狗。 ”5. yours. 这是一个名词性物主代词，代替上半句的 your home。此句完整的说法应是 buy a small dog if your home is small and buy a bigger one if your home islarger. 为避免词的重复使用， 在英文句子中常用名词性物主代词代替前面的那个名词。6.almost. 狗“几乎什么都吃。 ”这一点我们从日常
11、生活中也都知道， 而且本句话的后面也进行了进一步的解释说明， “他们喜欢吃肉，米饭和其它的东西。 ” 7.made这.是 make 的过去分词，在这里与 for dogs 一起做定语，修饰 food，整句的意思是 “你可以在食品店买到许多为狗做的食物。”这个空也是一个难点。若没有正确理解句意，很容易写成meat。8.leave.有养狗经验的同学都知道，每天一定要给狗留下供它喝的水。狗是靠舌头来散热的，因此它极易渴，特别是在夏天。3九年级英语暑期专题9.summer.如果了解了狗的这一生理功能 （靠舌头来散热），就不难填出 summer 一词。10.exercise如.果想让狗养成好习惯并不生病
12、的话，就必须每天带它出去散步。从下面的句子 You should take it for awalk everyday.Dont keep your dog inside allday.来看，说明狗也需要运动。 exercise当“运动 ”讲时，是一个不可数名词，不能在词尾加 s。本文最突出的一个特点就是决大多数需填词的后面都有一句或两句话的内容是对所填词的内容进行补充说明的。 因此，在做这种类型的题时， 一定要注意分析上下文的内容， 进行推理和归纳， 正确的理解句意， 最后决定出最佳的词及其正确形式。巩固练习：There was an old man who loved money very
13、 much. He n1gave anything toanybody. After some years he became r2.One day he was walking near the river with his friends when he fell into the river.His friends ran to help him. One of them held out his hand and cried,“ Give me yourhand, and Ip ll3you out！” The richm4head went down the water a 5the
14、ncame up again, but he did not g 6his hand to his friend. Again another of hisfriends tried, but again the s 7thing happened.Then a 8friend, Nasreddin, said,“ Take my hand and I ll pull you out!” Theman took his hand and Nasreddin pulled him out of the water.“ You don t know your friend veryw9. ” Na
15、sreddin said to the others.“ When yousay Give！ to him, hed 10nothing, but when you say！Takehealways takes.”? 答案与简析：守财奴闹出了笑话。 文中谈了一次救人的过程， 解题时要根据当时的情况特别注意 “give和”“take的”妙用。1. never. 因为 love money,所以他决不会 “给予 ”。 never 意为 “从不 ”。2. rich. rich 是形容词，作表语。由于从不施舍，几年后他就富有了。3. pull. pull.out 意为 “把 拉出来 ”。4. man
16、s. head为名词，要选用 man 的所有格形式。5. and. and then.意为 “后来又 ”。and 起并列作用。4九年级英语暑期专题6. give. give.to.意为 “把 给”。7. same. 句意为：又发生了同样的情况。8. another. another表示不定指的 “又一个，另一个 ”。9. well. well 为副词， know well 意思是 “很了解 ”。10. does. 这句话是引述原话， 故用一般现在时。 do nothing 表示 “什么事都不干 ”。例题解析Do you know the word“ brunchthe” ?West,I man
17、y people like to havebrunchlate (1)b_ or early lunch. People often have brunch (2) b_ 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. on Sunday because they prefer to get up (3) l_ after a weeks hardwork or want to enjoy brunch with their parents, or friends. That is a relaxing and interesting (4)w_ of eating for most families.
18、Today, brunch has become (5) p_ in big hotels. One can (6) e_ ask foror cook it himself. To make it (7) l_ like both breakfast and lunch, peoplechoose to have lots of dishes. You may often see the following (8) f_ on thetable, meat, eggs, fruit, (9) v_, orange juice, tea and bacon. Do you havebrunch
19、 at (10) w_? If not, why not try? 答案与解析 :这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了近年来在西方流行的 brunch(早午餐 )。brunch 一词是由 breakfast 与 lunch 中的字母 br 和 unch 合在一起构成的。1. breakfast, 由下句 “ earlylunch ”和前面的对应词 late 可知 brunch 是比 breakfast 要晚，而比 lunch 要早。2. between, 这里的 betweenand 是固定搭配。3. late, 根据句中的状语 “on Sunday”和“after a weeks hard work可
20、知在”周末由于人们都在家休息，所以起床会较完。4. way, 对大部分家庭来说，这种 brunch 只是一种新的放松有趣的进餐方式。5. popular, 目前在西方，brunch 已经成为一种时尚，越来越受到人们的欢迎。6. either, 这是一个等立连词， either or ，意思是 ”或者 或者 ”。7. look, 由于 brunch 介于 breakfast 和 lunch 之间，所以人们在做起 brunch 来，既要像 breakfast，又要像 lunch。 look like 的意思就是 ”看起来好像 ”。8. food, 根据下面所列举的内容可知答案。9. vegetab
21、les, 英语中，以字母 v 开头的 food 就是 vegetables 了。10.weekend, 根据文章的介绍， brunch 是在周末人们所享用的进餐方式。巩固练习Most people have f_1_ a kite or have seen one rise and dip in the strong spring wind. Not so many people know that kites were first made in China t_2_ of yearsago. The a_3_ Chinese were making flying kites even be
22、fore they were writing.A long time ago, the Chinese made kites to use in the wars. They would fly these war kites in the d_4_. The kites were fixed so that they made strong sounds. Men5九年级英语暑期专题who were at war with them would hear these sounds and run away. They thought those strong sounds were m_5_
23、 by god in the sky. The ancient Chinese also flew kites to b_6_ good luck and to make their crops grow rich and tall. Sometimes they tied long strings and hooks to the kites. Then they fly the kites o_7_ water letting the hooks hang down to catch fish.The Chinese use sticks, strings and paper for th
24、eir kites. Some of the kites look like animals or trees. O_8_ look like birds or houses.1.flown 2.thousands 3.ancient 4.dark 5.made 6.bring 7.over 8.Others首字母填空训练：(1)At different times in a mans life his food has different effects ( 影响 ) on his body.Among children f1is quickly changed to the power(力
25、量 ) torun and playgames. Most of a young mans food is spent on growing t 2; We grow upwardsonly d 3the first twenty years of our l4, not later. Working men gettheir strong bodies from their food; and if they work h5, they do not get fat.Office workers eat well and s6down a lot, and may begin to grow
26、 fat when s7quite young. Manyolder people t8to work much and walk often. P9the most difficult time is when a man r10sixty years of age. His bodyand mind b11restful,withoutmuch work or interest. That is when foodchanges quickly to f12 .（ 1） 1.food 2. tall 3. during 4. lives 5. hard 6. sit 7. still 8.
27、 try9. Perhaps10. reaches11. become12. fat(2)Bats(蝙蝠 ) are the only flying animals in the world. It is k1to all thatthey cannot see very well. As b2as a bat is often heard. Yet, they have no t3flyingon the darkest nights and f4their way round very well. Whycan bats flyand see at night? They flyb5rad
28、ar(雷达 ). The bats radar w6the same way as the radar on ships and planes. As a bat flies t 7the air,it makes a sound. If the sounds hit t8, they will come back and the bats earswill r9the message.In this way, the bat is a10to know where thethings are. Bats go out for f11at night. In the daytime, they
29、 hang in some d12places.1.known2. blind3.trouble4. finding5.by6.works7. through8.things9. reaches10. able11. food12. dark6九年级英语暑期专题（ 3）Tennis is in its second life. Its first game b1in France. The name of thegame comes from the French word tennez. The English men c2the gametennis when they watched t
30、he Frenchmen play 800 years ago.The Englishmen liked the French game. Tennis courts were built in every park, inevery city,just l3today. The two countries played a4each other. Atfirst they played for honor. Then they w5money. Later people began cheating（欺骗）to get money. Three hundred years ago the g
31、ame was forbidden（禁止）to stopthe cheating. The game a6disappeared. Americans foundthe oldcourtswhen they went to Europe 100 years ago. They learned w7they could doabout the game. They likedthe game as the Englishmen had b8. Afterreturning home, the Americans builttennis courts. Tennis began to become
32、 p9in all the United States. Now it is one of the most e10games in the worldagain.1. began2. called3. like4. against5. won6. almost7. what8. before9. popular10. Exciting(4)There are four people in my family. Every day my parents are very busy t1to make money in order to paythe high tuition( 学费）for m
33、y brother and me. They h2say I love you or send f3to each other. Besides，my father has a badtemper(脾气 ). It is easy for him to lose his temper w4hes very tired fromthe hard work. I didnt know whether there was love between them u5onespring. At that time ，my father suddenly got badly sick .My mother
34、had to stay withhim in the hospital for a month. When they returned from the hospital, they bothlooked very w6as if both of them had a serious illness.After they were back, my mother helped my father walk slowly on the country roadevery day in the morning and dusk. H7after two months my father still
35、couldnt walk by h8. All of us were worried about him.Dad， how are you f9now? I asked him one day.Susan, dont worry about me. he said I10a low voice. I just like walkingwith your mom. I like this kind of life. Reading his eyes, I know he loves my mother very much.Once I thought love m11flowers, prese
36、nts and sweet kisses. But from thise12, I understand that love is inside, making life strong and warm.1. trying2. hardly3. flowers4. when5. until6. weak7. However8. himself9. feeling10. in11. meant12. Experience(5)A woman was eating in a restaurant. She asked the waiter to do many t 1forher. Now she
37、 was g2the waiter a lot of trouble. F3, she asked thewaiter to turn on the air conditioner because she f4too hot. Then she askedhim to turn it o5because she was too cold. This went on and on for n67九年级英语暑期专题half an hour.But the waiter was very kind and h7. He did everything the woman askedh8to do wi
38、thout getting angry. F9, someone else in the restaurantasked why the w 10 didnt just throw the woman out. Oh, I dont care. The waiter said and smiling, We dont even have an air conditioner.1. things2. giving3. first4. felt5. off6. nearly7. helpful8.him9. finally10. waiter（ 6）While travelling in Russ
39、ia, Ed Jackson ran short of money. So he wrote t 1 his brother, asking for 500. “Send the m 2 by telegram to the bank here,”he wrote.After a week Ed began v3the bank. He s4his passport to the bankclerk(职员 ). “Nothing has come for you, Mr. Jackson,”he was told.This went o5for three weeks, and Mr. Jac
40、kson got very w 6. He thenphoned his brother, asking w7the money was. The brother said it had beensent three weeks b8. That evening Ed Jackson was arrested(被捕 ) for failingto p9his hotel bill. He tried to tell the police what his problem was, but no onewould believe him. At last he was s10to the pol
41、ice station for fifteen days.1.to,2.money,3.visiting,4.showed,5.on,6. worried,7.where,8. before, 9.pay, 10sent（ 7）Once there was a king. He liked to write s1. He thought his stories weregood, so he liked to show them to his people. As his people were afraid to criticize(批评 ) the kings stories, they
42、all said that his stories were very good. One day, the king showed some of his best stories to a famous writer. He wanted the writer to praise(表扬 ) those stories. But the writer said his stories were so b2that he shouldthrow them into the fire. The king got very angryw3_him and sent him toprison(监狱
43、). After s4time the king had pity on the writer and set himfree. When the writer returned from prison, the king ordered him to come to his palace. Again he showed him some of his new stories and asked him what he thoughtof them. After r5them, the writer at once turned to the soldier and said,“Take me back to prison, please”.1.stories,2.bad,3.with,4.some,5. reading8