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1、莇蚄袇膁葿蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆芁蒆薅袅莄蚁袃袄肃蒄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆袀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈羈肄莁薄羈芇薇羂羇荿蒀袈羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆羃莅蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂膇蒅蚇肁莀蚀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄肇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅芁薈螀膄蒃莁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇膁葿蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆芁蒆薅袅莄蚁袃袄肃蒄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆袀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈羈肄莁薄羈芇薇羂羇荿蒀袈羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆羃莅蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂膇蒅蚇肁莀蚀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄肇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅芁薈螀膄蒃莁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇膁葿蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆芁蒆薅袅莄蚁袃袄肃蒄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆袀节莃螂罿
2、莅蕿蚈羈肄莁薄羈芇薇羂羇荿蒀袈羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆羃莅蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂膇蒅蚇肁莀蚀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄肇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅芁薈螀膄蒃莁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇膁葿蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆芁蒆薅袅莄蚁袃袄肃蒄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆袀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈羈肄莁薄羈芇薇羂羇荿蒀袈羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆羃莅蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂膇蒅蚇肁莀蚀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄肇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅芁薈螀膄蒃莁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇膁葿蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆芁蒆薅袅莄蚁袃袄肃蒄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆袀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈羈肄莁薄羈芇薇羂羇荿蒀袈羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆羃莅蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂膇蒅蚇肁莀蚀蚃肀
3、蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄肇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅芁薈螀膄蒃莁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇膁葿蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆芁蒆薅袅莄蚁袃袄肃蒄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆袀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈羈肄莁薄羈芇薇羂羇荿蒀袈羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆羃莅蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂膇蒅蚇肁莀蚀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄肇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅芁薈螀膄蒃莁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇膁葿蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆芁蒆薅袅莄蚁袃袄肃蒄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆袀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈羈肄莁薄羈芇薇羂羇荿蒀袈羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆羃莅蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂膇蒅蚇肁莀蚀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄肇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅芁薈螀膄蒃莁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇膁
4、葿蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆芁蒆薅袅莄蚁袃袄肃蒄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆袀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈羈肄莁薄羈芇薇羂羇荿蒀袈羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆羃莅蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂膇蒅蚇肁莀蚀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄肇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅芁薈螀膄蒃莁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇膁葿蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆芁蒆薅袅莄蚁袃袄肃蒄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆袀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈羈肄莁薄羈芇薇羂羇荿蒀袈羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆羃莅蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂膇蒅蚇肁莀蚀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄肇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅芁薈螀膄蒃莁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇膁葿蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆芁蒆薅袅莄蚁袃袄肃蒄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆袀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈羈
5、肄莁薄羈芇薇羂羇荿蒀袈羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆羃莅蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂膇蒅蚇肁莀蚀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄肇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅芁薈螀膄蒃莁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇膁葿蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆芁蒆薅袅莄蚁袃袄肃蒄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆袀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈羈肄莁薄羈芇薇羂羇荿蒀袈羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆羃莅蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂膇蒅蚇肁莀蚀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄肇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅芁薈螀膄蒃莁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇膁葿蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆芁蒆薅袅莄蚁袃袄肃蒄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆袀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈羈肄莁薄羈芇薇羂羇荿蒀袈羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆羃莅蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂膇蒅蚇肁莀蚀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿
6、膂莆袈肈芄薁螄肇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄膅芁薈螀膄蒃莁螆膃膃蚆蚂膂芅葿羁膁莇蚄袇膁葿蒇螃芀腿蚃虿袆芁蒆薅袅莄蚁袃袄肃蒄衿袄芆蝿螅袃莈薂蚁袂蒀莅羀袁膀薀袆袀节莃螂罿莅蕿蚈羈肄莁薄羈芇薇羂羇荿蒀袈羆蒁蚅螄羅膁蒈蚀羄芃蚄薆羃莅蒆袅肃肅蚂螁肂膇蒅蚇肁莀蚀蚃肀蒂薃羂聿膂莆袈肈芄薁螄肇莆莄蚀膇肆薀薆膆膈莂袄莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈
7、莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆
8、蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆
9、蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄
10、葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅
11、薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅
12、薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃
13、蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄
14、虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄
15、芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂
16、莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃
17、荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄
18、莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂
19、蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节
20、蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃
21、蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁
22、薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁
23、薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂
24、蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀
25、蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀
26、芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁
27、莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿
28、莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄芁薃蚄肃芀芃袀聿芀
29、蒅蚃羅艿薈羈袁芈蚀螁膀芇莀薄肆芆蒂蝿羂莅薄薂袈莄芄螇螄莄莆薀膂莃蕿袆肈莂蚁虿羄莁莁袄袀莀蒃蚇腿荿薅袂肅葿蚇蚅羁蒈莇袁袇肄葿蚃螃肃蚂罿膁肂莁螂肇肂蒄羇羃肁薆螀衿肀蚈薃膈腿莈螈肄膈蒀薁羀膇薃螇羆膆莂蕿袂膆蒅袅膀膅薇蚈肆膄虿袃羂膃荿蚆袈节蒁袂螄 中考宾语从句专项讲解宾语从句一. 宾语从句的定义及种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1. 由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at
30、 home.She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus
31、stop is?I dont know why the train is late.3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：I want to know if (whether) he lives there.He asked me whether (if) I could help him.二. 宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：I hear (that) physics isnt easy.I think (that) you will like this school soon.Can you tell me how
32、 I can get to zoo?Please tell me when well have the meeting.三. 宾语从句的时态1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。 如：I dont think (that) you are right. Please tell us where he is. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：He asked what t
33、ime it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.He asked if you had written to Peter.He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun
34、.that主句的谓语动词是say, think, tell, know, hear, see, feel, mean, hope, wish, remember, forget等时，或主句的谓语动词是由形容词afraid, glad, sure, sorry等作表语的系表结构时，后面常接that引导的宾语从句。e.g. He says that he wants to speak to the headmaster.Im sorry (that) he isnt here right now.宾语从句需要注意的一些点: 1. that 的省略：that 引导的宾语从句用来陈述事实，that本身
35、无词义，在从句中不作任何成分，在口语中或非正式文体中常常可被省略。e.g. I guess (that) somebody else has borrowed it. Im afraid (that) youll have to wait.以下情况下不能省略that A当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，可以省略第一个that，其他不能省略。 egI believe（that）you have done your best and that things will get better B当it作形式宾语时 egShe made it clear that she had nothin
36、g to do with him C当宾语从句前置时 egThat our team will win，I believe2. 宾语从句的否定转移：主句是I/We think/suppose/guess/believe等时，从句中的否定习惯上要转移到主句中。如：我认为鸡不会游泳。误：I think chickens can not swim.正：I dont think chickens can swim.此外，上述情况在变成反意疑问句时，附加疑问句要看从句，如果主句的主语不是第一人称，则附加疑问句要看主句。试比较：I think he is wrong, isnt he?He thinks
37、he is right, doesnt he?if/whetherif/whether都可作宾语从句的引导词，意为“是否”，在一般情况下可以互换。if多用于口语和非正式文体中，whether则多用于比较正式的文体中。如：e.g. She asked me if/whether I could help her with her English. I dont know if/whether it is going to rain.Note: 只用whether的六种情况：1. 在带to的动词不定式前He doesnt know whether to go to the cinema or to
38、 watch TV at home.2. 在介词后Im thinking of whether we should go fishing.3. 直接与or not连用时I dont know whether or not they will come to help us.4. 在动词discuss后面的宾语从句中We discussed whether would have a sports meeting next week.5. 宾语从句提前时只能用whetherWhether this is true or not, I cant say.6. 引导位于句首的主语从句或表语从句用whe
39、therWhether he is right or wrong is a question.难点：1. 避免重复出现连接代词或连接副词；e.g. *I cant see that what is over there. （应去掉that）2. 从句中的语序为陈述语序；e.g. *Do you know how old is she? (应改为：how old she is)3. 从句中的时态与主句时态前后呼应。e.g. *She didnt tell me when she will come. (应改为：when she would come)4.转换： 由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句
40、可用疑问代词和疑问副词动词不定式替代，进行句型上的转换。e.g. Ive no idea what were going to do next. = Ive no idea what to do next.Could you tell me how I can get to the post office? = Could you tell me how to get to the post office?难点：宾语从句中的It 可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句 动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从
41、句后置. I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day . 我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的. I feel it a pity that I havent been to the get-together. 我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾. I have made it a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天写日记成了习惯. We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater. 我们都认为
42、对这件事马上做出决定很重要. 有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it 这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to. I hate it when they with their mouths full of food. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话. He will have it that our plan is really practical. 他会认为我们的计划确实可行. We take it that you will agree with us. 我们认为你会同意我们的. When you start the engine, you must s
43、ee to it that car is in neutral. 开启发动机时, 一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置. 若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替 We all consider what you said to be unbelievable. 我们都认为你所说的是不可信的. We discovered what we had learned to be valuable. 我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的.宾语从句练兵：一、单项选择( ) 1. I dont think he will come here on time, ? (重庆)A. wont he B. will he
44、 C. does he D. is he( ) 2. Will you please tell me ? (上海)A. where Pudong Airport is B. how far Pudong Airport wasC. how can we get to Pudong Airport D. when was Pudong Airport built( ) 3. Its not polite to ask people in England. (常州)A. how much money you have got B. what the weather is likeC. what y
45、our city looks like D. how old are you( ) 4. I wonder if he tonight. If he , Ill let you know. (扬州)A. will come; will come B. comes; comesC. will come; comes D. comes; will come( ) 5. I cant say I want to see him again. We havent seen each other for nearly three years. (镇江) A. how long B. how soon C
46、. how often D. how much( ) 6. Mr. Green told me that he on a trip next Sunday. (通化) A. are going B. was going C. will go D. would going( ) 7. Our geography teacher told us that Japan the east of China. (河北) A. is in B. was in C. is to D. was to( ) 8. Nobody knows hell come or not. (辽宁) A. that B. if
47、 C. / D. whether二、按要求改写句子1. “Do you want to try something new?” Toms mother asked him. (改为复合句,句意不变) (济南)Toms mother asked him to try something new.2. Could you tell me the way to the station? (改写句子,句意不变) (青岛)Could you tell me to the station?3. “I have finished my homework.” John told me. (改为复合句,句意不变) (天津) John told me that homework.4. I dont know how I can re