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1、Unit8课下能力提升(七).单词拼写1Iwass_whenIheardaboutyouraccident.2Teamworkisrequiredinordertoachievethesea_3Hisa_istobecomeagreatscientistinthefuture.(4Thedoctortoldhimitwas_没有希望的)tocurehisdisease,butheisstillalivetoday.5Shewelcomeduswithac_greeting.6Inthepast,studyingabroadwasa_(遥远的)dreamformostpeople.7Icanfi
2、nishthedifficulttaskw_fivedays.8Shebecameweakerandweakerbecauseof_(悲伤)9Theoldmachinewontf_properlyifyoudontoilitregularly.10Agoodteachershouldhavegreatp_whendealingwithanaughtystudent.选词填空inpreparationfor,runoutof,ononesway,getawayfrom,breakdown,carryon,withgreatpatience,makeinto1Shelistenedtohisexc
3、uses_2Heispractisingeveryday,_theiceskatingchampionship.3We_petroltheotherday.4ThebusItook_halfway,soIwaslate.5Everydayshepassedthechurch_totheHealthCentre.6Youllbeabletoreadwellwithadictionaryand_simpleconversations.7TheplayhadalongrunonBroadwaybeforebeing_amovie.8Ienjoymywork,butsometimesIdreallyl
4、iketo_itall.课文缩写语法填空On1June,1910,CaptainScottbeganhisjourney1._theAntarctic.Atthesametime,theNorwegianexplorerRoaldAmundsenwasalsogoingsouth.Duringthepolarsummer,bothteamsorganisedfoodbasesin2._(prepare)fortheirjourneys.AmundsenreachedtheAntarcticfirst.Thenhepreparedforthereturnjourney.Scottfinallya
5、rrivedatthepole.Theywere3._(shock)whentheysawtheNorwegianflag.Scottwrotesadlyinhisdiary：“Well,wehavenowlostthegoal4._ourambitionandmustface800milesofhardpushingandgoodbyetomostofour5._(dream)”Thereturnjourneywasoneoftheworstinthe6._(explore).Theweatherconditionswereterrible.Scottrealisedtheir7._(hop
6、e)situation：“.weareverycheerful,but8._eachmanfeelsinhisheartIcanonlyguess.”.Thenaterriblestormstarted.Scottspentsomeofhislasthourswriting.Hewrotealetterfullof9._(sad)tohiswife.ThenewsofScottsdeathshockedtheworld.Hehadfailed10._(win)theracetothepole,buttheextraordinarycourageshownbyCaptainScottandhis
7、menmadethemintoheroes.阅读理解A.SirErnestShackletonwasanexplorerwhowasborninsouthernIreland,butgrewupinLondon.In1901ShackletongotaplaceonCaptainScottsfirstAntarcticexpedition(探险队)ontheDiscoveryIn1907,heledhisownBritishAntarcticExpeditionontheNimrodandreceivedaheroswelcomewhenhereturned.AfterScottdiedin1
8、912,ShackletonchosetotacklethechallengeofAntarcticainadifferentway.HedecidedhewouldtrytojourneyacrosstheAntarcticfromonesidetotheotherthroughtheSouthPole.In1914,ShackletonledapartyontheshipEndurancecrosstheAntarcticfromonesidetotheother.On19January1915,Endurancebecamelockedintheiceofthesea.Overtheco
9、urseofthenextninemonthstheshipwasgraduallydestroyed,finallysinkingon27October.Itprovedimpossibleforthe28mentopulltheirboatsandstoresacrossthefrozensea,soShackletoncampedontheiceanddrifted(漂流)withit.Shackletonandhismenwerecoldandexhausted,andweakfromthedifficultiesofthejourney.Theyknewtheywouldnotbef
10、oundandcouldnotallsailfurther.Therefore,Shackletonandfiveothersleftmostofthepartybehindandreachedthenearestislandwheretheyfoundhelpandthewholepartysurvived.(AlthoughtheexpeditionfailedbecauseShackletondidnotreachtheSouthPole,inotherwaysitwashisbiggestsuccess.Heovercame战胜)greatdifficultiestobringhism
11、ensafelyhomeaftertheEndurancewastrappedanddestroyed.On5January1922,Shackletondiedofaheartattack.HewasonhiswaytotheAntarcticagain,onboardanothershiptheQuest.1Theunderlinedword“tackle”inthesecondparagraphprobablymeans“_”AthinkofBturndownCtalkaboutDdealwith2Shackletonsmostdifficultjourneyofexplorationw
12、asontheship_ADiscoveryBNimrodCEnduranceDQuest3WhydidtheexpeditionontheEndurancebecomeShackletonsbiggestsuccess?AHereceivedaheroswelcomewhenhereturned.BHemanagedtogethelpandsavethelivesofthewholeparty.CHeandhismenpulledtheirboatsandstoresacrossthefrozensea.DHeandfiveothermenreachedthenearestislandtot
13、heSouthPole.4Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?ACaptainScottwasthefirsttoreachtheSouthPole.BShackletonwasadeterminedandresponsibleman.CScottandShackletonbothdiedofheartattacks.DScottandShackletonweregoodfriendsformanyyears.B(Trafficjamsresultinlossoftimeandlossofhealth,accordingtorecentresearch.Ithasa
14、lreadybeenproventhatfumes烟雾)fromcarsandtrucksarelinkedtoheartandlung肺)diseaseandcancer.Nowscientistshavefoundthattheymayalsoharmbraincellsandnerves(神经),accordingtoTheWallStreetJournalonNovember8.Experimentsbyscientistsaroundtheworldsuggestthattrafficfumescanaffectpeoplesmentalability,intelligenceand
15、emotionalstability(稳定性)“Thereisrealcauseforconcern，”saidneurochemist(神经化学专家)AnnetteKirshnerattheNationalInstituteofEnvironmentalHealthSciencesinNorthCarolina,US.“Butweoughttoproceed(推进)withcaution.”Currentlyscientistsarenotsurewhattheexacteffectswillbeonpeoplesbrainsandbehavior.ScientistsintheNether
16、landsrecentlydiscoveredthatbreathingtrafficfumesforjust30minutescanincreaseelectricalactivityinpartsofthebrainthatcontrolbehavior,personalityanddecisionmaking.ResearchteamsinNewYork,Boston,Beijing,andKrakow(Poland)foundthatchildren(wholiveinareasaffectedbyheavytrafficfumeshadlowerscoresinIQtests.The
17、ywerealsomorelikelytosufferdepression抑郁),anxietyandattentionproblemsthanchildrenwhogrewupbreathingcleanerair.Itwasalsofoundthatoldermenandwomenwhohadlongbeenbreathingtrafficfumeshadmemoryandreasoningproblems.Vehiclestodaydontletoutasmuchpollutionastheydidin1970,onlyaboutonetenthofwhatitwasthen.Howev
18、er,therearemorecarsontheroadstodayandtheygetstuckintrafficmoreoften.DriverstravelingonthebusiestroadsintheUSspendanaverageof140hoursintrafficjamseveryyear,aboutthesametimetheyspendintheofficeinamonth.Scientistsbelievethatevenifitisnotpossibletoreducethenumberofcarsontheroad,aslongassimplestepscanbet
19、akentospeedupthetraffic,publichealthproblemscanbegreatlyreduced.5Accordingtothearticle,ithasbeennewlydiscoveredthat_AtrafficjamsareawasteoftimeBfumesmaycauseheartandlungcancerCfumesmayharmpeoplesmentalabilitiesDtrafficjamscanaffectpeoplesbehavior6Whateffectdotrafficfumeshaveonthehumanbrain?ATheyincr
20、easeelectricalactivityinpartsofthebrain.BTheyweakentheabilitytomakedecisions.CTheykillhealthycellsinthebrain.DTheycausebraindisorders.7Accordingtothearticle,peoplewhohavelongbeenbreathingtrafficfumesmightsufferallthefollowingEXCEPT_AattentionproblemsBreasoningproblemsCemotionalproblemsDeyesightprobl
21、ems8WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?AScientistshaveproventheexacteffectsoftrafficfumesonmentalhealth.BVehiclestodayletoutmuchmorepollutionthantheydidin1970.CThereareheavytrafficjamsnowadaysduetothelargenumberofcars.DThereisnoneedtoreducethenumberofcarsontheroad.语法填空Ayoungmanandanoldmanwerewaitin
22、gforabus.1._satnexttoeachother.“Whatsthatinyourbag？”askedtheyoungman,pointingtoabigbagbesidetheoldman.“Gold.Therewasnothingbutgold，”answeredtheoldman.Theyoungmancouldnotbelievehisownearsandwas2._greatsurprise.Thenhebegantothinkabout3._togetthemoney.Theoldmanwasverytiredanditseemedthathecouldhardlyke
23、ephiseyesopen.Afterawhiletheoldman4._(lie)downonthechairandfellasleep.(Theyoungmantook5._bigbaggentlyandquietly.Butwhenhewasjustabouttorunaway,hefoundacornerofhisfur(毛皮)coatwasundertheoldmansbody.Severaltimeshetriedtopullitout,6._invain白费).Atlasthetookoffhiscoat,7._(think)thatthegoldinthebagmustcost
24、farmorethanhisfurcoat.Worriedbut8._(delight),theyoungmanranoutofthestationasquicklyashislegscouldcarryhim,untilhereachedaplace9._hethoughttheoldmancouldntfindhim.Hestoppedandquicklyopenedthebagbuthejustfoundagreatmanyofsmallstonesinit.Thenheranbacktothestation10._(hurry)onlytofindthattheoldmanwasgon
25、e.答案：.1.shocked2.aims3.ambition4.hopeless5.cheerful6.distant7.within8.sadness9.function10.patience.1.withgreatpatience2.inpreparationfor3.ranoutof4brokedown5.onherway6carryon7.madeinto8.getawayfrom.1.to2.preparation3.shocked4.of5.dreams6.exploration7hopeless8.what9.sadness10.towin.语篇解读：本文主要讲了Shackle
26、ton和他的船队极地探险之旅。1解析：选D词义猜测题。根据下文可知Shackleton在Scott死后继续了他的极地探险，故此处tackle与dealwith意义相近，表示“应对(挑战)”。2解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知Shackleton乘Endurance在海上遭遇了冰的封堵，船最终毁掉下沉。故这次最为艰难。3解析：选B推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知Shackleton的成功之处在于他将他的队员安全带到家，拯救了整个团队。4解析：选B推理判断题。从文章中不难看出Shackleton不仅不畏艰难，勇于去探险，还在关键时刻为自己的队员负责，努力帮助他们脱离险境，故他是一个意志坚定且
27、很负责任的人。语篇解读：本文主要讲了汽车尾气对精神健康的危害。D5解析：选C细节理解题。A、B两项虽然是事实，但是早就被证明了，不是新发现。项文中没有提到，只是说“partsofthebrainthatcontrolbehavior,personalityanddecisionmaking”，并非影响行为。6解析：选A细节理解题。根据第五段中的“.canincreaseelectricalactivityinpartsofthebrain.”可知A项正确。7解析：选D细节理解题。文中没说汽车尾气会影响视力。8解析：选C细节理解题。从第八段中的“However,therearemorecarsontheroadstodayandtheygetstuckintrafficmoreoften.”可判断C项正确。.1.They2.in3.how4.lay5the6.but7.thinking8delighted9.where10.hurriedly