《2018年全国高考英语语法填空答题技巧及真题汇编(带答案).doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2018年全国高考英语语法填空答题技巧及真题汇编(带答案).doc（25页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、2018年全国高考英语语法填空答题技巧及真题汇编(后附详细答案) (绝对精品素材，提高实战能力，值得下载打印练习)篇一:语法填空答题技巧形式一有提示词类(一)提供动词类当设空处提供动词原形，设空处一般考查动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词或词类转化。其解题步骤为：典例12016全国But for tourists like me，pandas are its top _61_(attract)剖析考查名词。句意：对于像我一样的游客，大熊猫是最大的吸引。形容词top“头等的；最重要的”后面跟名词形式。故填attraction。典例22016全国My ambassadorial duties will
2、include _67_(introduce) British visitors to the 120plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.剖析include为及物动词，后面应用动名词形式作宾语。故填introducing。典例32016全国Leaving the less important things until tomorrow _63_ (be) often acceptable.剖析分析句子结构可知，动名词短语Leaving the les
3、s.until tomorrow作主语，故63处应为谓语动词且应用单数形式。故填is。(二)词性转换类词性转换多以派生词变化为主，如：形容词与副词间的相互转化形容词与名词间的相互转化；形容词与动词间的相互转化；动词与名词间的相互转化等。其解题步骤为：典例12016全国The title will be _63_(official)given to me at a ceremony in London.剖析考查副词。修饰动词应用副词形式。应填officially。典例22016全国Then，handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a
4、 real sense of _62_ (achieve)剖析考查名词。介词of后应用名词作宾语。故填achievement。特别提醒：1.括号中所给词为形容词或副词时，也有可能是考查其比较等级。典例1The_68_(hard) you try to beat him，the more likely you will get hit.He controls you!剖析分析句子结构以及根据句意可知，此处为“the比较级.，the比较级.”结构，表示“越，就越”，故答案为harder。2括号中所给词为名词时，有可能不是考查词性转换，而是考查单复数。典例2.for most of us the _
5、69_(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted river.剖析由定冠词the可知，此处应填名词，由谓语动词are和require可知此处应用复数形式changes。3有个别空可能是词义转换题，词性不一定要变，主要是考查与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un，im等，在词根后加less等。典例3People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but
6、one important thing to know is，no knowledge is_(use)剖析作表语要用形容词；又由句意可知，作者是表达“没有什么知识是无用的”，故填useless。形式二无提示词类首先，分析句子结构确定填哪类词。然后，根据句子的意思，确定具体填什么词；根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。解题时要注意以下五大原则：原则一：缺少主语或宾语，一定要填代词1缺主语如果在谓语动词前挖空，答案应首先考虑代词。所填代词要考虑以下三种情况：(1)人称代词：作主格的人称代词he，she，they，it等，此时要根据前文，确定所代指的内容。(2)关系代词：在定语从句中作主语的关
7、系代词that，which，who等。(3)名词性从句引导词：what，whoever等。典例1I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to，and_gets there almost in a second.剖析and连接前后两个句子，and后面的句子缺主语，应填名词或代词；结合前一分句，不难推知，“马上可到达那里”的是the message，替代the message用代词it。典例2Maybe you have a habit_67_is driving your family crazy.剖析根据句子结构可知该空应是定语从句的关系词，
8、先行词是a habit，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填that或which。2缺宾语如果空前为及物动词、及物动词短语或者介词，要考虑填代词，主要有以下三类：(1)人称代词：作宾格的人称代词him，her，them，it等。(2)关系代词：在定语从句中作宾语的关系代词that，which，whom等。(3)名词性从句引导词：what，whomever等。典例Raise your leg and let_65_stay in the air for seconds.剖析由let可知，空处作宾语，结合句意可知，此处用it代指前面的your leg。原则二：名词、代词、动名词前挖空，可以考虑用限定词或
9、介词1限定词如果在名词前挖空，答案应首先考虑限定词。因为根据英语的习惯，名词前一般需要限定词。限定词包括冠词(a，an，the)、物主代词(my，mine等)、关系词(whose，which等)、疑问词、不定代词(no，some，any，each，every，either，neither，several，many等)等。典例12016四川Wu Junqi has long been linked to alcohol.Of course hes not a drunkard (酒鬼)He actually rarely has a drink._33yearold man is a barte
10、nder (调酒师) in a pub named “Shock” in Beijing.剖析33yearold man为名词短语，其前挖空，答案应首先考虑限定词。前句已提到Wu Junqi，所以再次提到时应用定冠词The。典例2Here is The Pines，_cook has developed a special way of mixing foreign food such as caribou，wild boar，and reindeer with surprising sauces.You can enjoy delicious food in the restaurant.剖
11、析由挖空的特点可知此处答案很可能为限定词。冠词、物主代词、名词所有格在此处均不合适，根据语境可知The Pines与cook为所属关系，又因为空格后为一个句子，所以此处应用表示所属关系的关系代词引导定语从句，故此处填whose。2介词名词或代词前面是空格，而该名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语，也不作动词的宾语时，很可能是填介词。此时要特别关注与其空前动词等构成的固定搭配。典例OK.Dont laugh _61_me.I may look funny.剖析代词me前是空格，且与laugh构成固定搭配。laugh at意为“嘲笑”，故答案为at。原则三：若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连
12、词主要的连词有表示并列关系的and和表示选择关系的or及表示转折关系的but等。典例But the river wasnt changed in a few days _64_ even a few months.剖析根据句意可知in a few days和even a few months为选择关系，故用or。原则四：若两句(一个主谓关系算一个句子)之间没有连词也没有分号或句号，一定是填连接词主要的连接词有连接并列句的连接词：and，but，or，so及引导状语从句的各种连词：if，unless，while，because等。典例1There were many people waiting
13、 at the bus stop，_62_some of them looked very anxious and _63_(disappointed)剖析由句意可知，前后分句为并列关系，故用and。典例2Unbelievable！Oh.，_69_you dont mind，Ill stop and take a deep _70_(breath)剖析根据句意“如果你不介意，我要停下来深呼吸”，if表示假设。原则五：若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是虽然与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do，does，did等)。如果是一般疑问句则要考虑填
14、助动词(be，do，does，did，have，has，had等)典例1What is acceptable in one country_be considered extremely rude in another.剖析句中What is acceptable in one country是主语从句，空格后的be considered是谓语；因其中的be是原形，故空格处必定是填情态动词或助动词does(由语境可知是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数)；由句意及作者的语气可知，需填表示“可能”的情态动词may。典例2Then the driver stood up and asked，“_68_
15、anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？”剖析句尾的问号提示该句为疑问句，“丢失”是发生在过去的动作，故答案为Did。篇二:语法填空真题汇篇Passage 1(2016全国)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asias biggest buildings, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top_1_(attract)So it was a gr
16、eat honor to be invited backstage at the notforprofit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I_2_(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600acre Centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be_3_(official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But m
17、y connection with pandas goes back_4_my days on a TV show in the mid1980s，_5_I was the first Western TV reporter_6_(permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include_7_(introduce) British visitors to the 120plus pandas at Cheng
18、du and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.On my recent visit, I held a lively threemonthold twin that had been rejected by_8_(it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few_9_( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottlefed，_10_other is with mumshe never suspect
19、s.Passage 2(2016全国)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of _1_(great)and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of _2_ (achieve)Leaving the less import
20、ant things until tomorrow _3_ (be) often acceptable.Most of us are more focused _4_our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive _5_ possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go h
21、ome feeling accomplished.Recent _6_(study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks_7_(regular)Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for_8_while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy.If you find something you love doing outside of the office, youll be les
22、s likely _9_ (bring) your work home. It could be anythinggardening, cooking, music, sportsbut whatever it is，_10_ (make) sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.Passage 3(2016全国)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。In much of Asia，especially the socalled “rice bow
23、l” cultures of China，Japan，Korea，_1_Vietnam，food is usually eaten with chopsticks.Chopsticks are usually two long，thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic，animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might_2_(make)of gold and silver w
24、ith Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal _3_(create)special designs.The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, _4_(use)twigs(树枝)to remove it. Over time，_5_the population grew，people began cutting
25、food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which_6_(gradual)turned into chopsticks.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，_7_lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC.，influenced the_8_(develop)of chopsticks. Confucius believ
26、ed knives would remind people of killings and _9_(be)too violent for use at the table.Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India，for example，most people traditionally eat _10_their hands.Passage 4(2016四川)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。The giant panda_1_(love) by people throughout the
27、world. Chinese scientists _2_(recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby. She was a very _3_(care)mother. For 25 days，she never left her baby，not even to find something _4_(eat)！She would not let any other pandas come near. She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean.
28、Any smell might attract natural _5_(enemy)that would try to eat the little panda. The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does._6_it cried，she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats. The mother continued to care for the young panda _7_more than two years.
29、 By that time，the panda no longer needed _8_(it)mother for food. However，it stayed with her and learned about the ways of the forest. Then，after two and a half years，the mother _9_(drive)the young panda away. It was time for her to have a new baby，_10_it was also time for the young panda to be indep
30、endent.Passage 5(2015新课标全国)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Yangshuo，ChinaIt was raining lightly when I 1 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didnt care. A few hours 2 ，Id been at home in Hong Kong，with 3 (it) choking smog. Here，the air was clean and fresh，even with the rain.Id skipped ne
31、arby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 4 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 5 (painting)Instead，Id headed straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin，its only an hour away 6 car and offers all the scenery of the bette
32、r-known city.Yangshuo 7 (be) really beautiful. A study of travelers 8 (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie &Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，sa
33、ys it 9 (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 10 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.Passage 6(2015新课标全国)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 1 (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 2 most modern of architects and engineers. In a
34、ddition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 3 (able) to “air condition”a house without 4 (use)electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 5 (slow)during cool nights，thus warming the house. When a new da
35、y breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 6 (cool) the house during the hot day： 7 the same time，they warm up again for the night. This cycle 8 (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the
36、outside temperatures. As 9 (nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 10 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.Passage 7(2015福建)阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1)汉语提示，2)首字母提示，3)语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确。Sometimes we have disagreements with people. When thi
37、s (1)h， the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument. Here (2)my tips for you.The (3)fthing I would say is that the way you begin the conversation is very important.Imagine you are a student and you share a flat (4) another student who you think isnt doing h
38、er share of the housework.If you say, “Look, you never do your share of the housework.(5) are you going to do about it？”， the discussion will very soon turn into an argument.Its much more (6) (有帮助)to say something like, “I think we had (7)bhave another look about how we divide up the housework.Maybe
39、 there is a better way of dealing with it.”My second piece of (8)a is simple.If youre the person who is in the wrong, just admit it! This is the easiest and best way to avoid an argument. Just make an (9) (道歉), and move on. The other person will have more respect for you (10) the future if you do th
40、at.Passage 8(2015湖南)Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.Research has become both simpler and more complex. Its simpler because, 1 you have a computer, you can find information you need by searching the Internet. For all your in
41、formation, you dont have to go to 2 library to find the relevant resource and take notes on it. Instead, you can find some sources from the Internet 3 print the copies needed.Remember, however, that you should usually consult different types of sources. That is, you 4 always rely just on the Interne
42、t for your research.While finding information is easier than ever, at the same time, researching has become 5 complex. There is a lot more material available, which means you may be overwhelmed 6 the amount of information. You need to learn 7 to sort through and find the relevant information for you
43、r particular project. Also, 8 need to check the accuracy of it.Passage 9(2014新课标全国)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?In 1969，the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland，Ohio.It 1 (be) unimaginable that it could ever b
44、e cleaned up.The river was so polluted that it 2 (actual) caught fire and burned.Now，years later，this river is one of 3 most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.But the river wasnt changed in a few days 4 even a few months.It took years of work 5 (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean
45、 the water.Finally，that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 6 (clean) than ever.Maybe you are facing an impossible situation.Maybe you have a habit 7 is driving your family crazy.Possibly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card use.When you face such an impos
46、sible situation，dont you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?While there are 8 (amaze) stories of instant transformation，for most of us the 9 (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be 10 (patience)Passage 10(2014广东)阅读下面短文，按照句
47、子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Last year，my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said 1 was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went，we had planned for months. When the day came，we were ready.After our plane landed，we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months 2 (early)，but the man at the front desk said there had been