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1、书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟。祝愿天下莘莘学子：学业有成，金榜题名！语言类考试复习资料大全大学英语四级分类模拟题311大学英语四级分类模拟题311Translation问题:1. 中国共有八大菜系(cuisine)，包括辛辣的川菜和清淡的粤菜。中国餐馆在世界各地很受欢迎。然而，中国人的生活方式日益变化，无论是自己下厨还是上餐馆，都出现了全新的饮食习惯。一些传统的中国菜中，添加了奶酪和番茄酱。城市消费者频繁地光顾一些快餐连锁店，比如麦当劳和肯德基。收入的不断增长，对国际食品的更多了解，加上超市购物的便捷，使中国出现了更乐于尝试包装食品及罐装食品的新一代消费者。答案:Generally spea
2、king, China boasts 8 major cuisines, covering Sichuan cuisine famous for its pungency and Cantonese cuisine for its lightness. Chinese restaurants are quite popular across the world. As Chinese peoples lifestyle are changing, however, many brand new eating habits emerge either when they cook at home
3、 or eat at restaurants. For example, the cheese and ketchup are added to the traditional Chinese food. Consumers in urban areas now frequently go to fast food chains, such as McDonalds and KFC. A new generation of consumers who are more likely to buy packaged and canned food has emerged due to their
4、 increased income, more knowledge about international food and convenient shopping in the supermarket.问题:2. 为了切实保护儿童权益，中国的立法、司法、政府各有关部门以及社会团体都建立了相应的机制，以监督、实施和促进保护儿童事业的健康发展。中国政府动员社会采取多种方式关心和帮助残疾儿童的成长，大力弘扬残疾儿童自强不息的精神，倡导团结、友爱、互助的道德风尚。中华民族素有“携幼”“爱幼”的传统美德，中国古语“幼吾幼以及人之幼”流传至今。我们要在全社会倡导树立“爱护儿童、教育儿童、为儿童做表率、为
5、儿童办实事”的公民意识，并努力为儿童事业的发展创造良好的社会条件。答案:To protect childrens rights and interests, Chinas legislation, judiciary and government departments concerned as well as non-governmental organizations have set up corresponding mechanisms. In doing so, we can supervise, implement and promote the healthy developme
6、nt of the work on protecting children. The Chinese government has used multiple channels to mobilize all walks of life to care for and help the development of disabled children by many means, to greatly encourage the spirit of unceasing self-improvement among physically disadvantaged children and to
7、 advocate virtues of unity, friendship and mutual aid. The Chinese nation always remains committed to the traditional virtues of bringing up the young and caring for the young. An ancient Chinese saying love our children and love others children in the same manner is still quite popular nowadays. We
8、 will strive to raise the public awareness of the importance of protecting and educating children, setting a good example and doing practical things for children. And we will make great efforts to create better social conditions for the progress of protecting children programs.问题:3. 中国是茶的故乡。据说早在五六千年
9、前，中国就有了茶树，而且有关茶树的人类文明可以追溯到两千年前。来自中国的茶和丝绸、瓷器一样，在一千年前为世界所知，而且一直是中国重要的出口产品。目前世界上40多个国家种植茶，其中亚洲国家的产量占世界总产量的90%。其他国家的茶树都直接或间接地起源于中国。答案:China is the homeland of tea. It is said that the tea plant can be traced back to 5,000 or 6,000 years ago. And the human cultivation concerning tea plants can date back
10、to 2,000 years ago. Just like silk and porcelain, Chinas tea became well-known across the globe 1,000 years ago. And ever since then, the tea has always been a significant Chinese export. For the time being, tea grows in more than 40 countries across the world, among which Asian countries produce 90
11、% of the worlds total output. All tea plants in other countries have their origin directly or indirectly in China.问题:4. 北京有无数的胡同(hutong)。平民百姓在胡同里的丰富生活给古都北京带来了无穷的魅力。北京的胡同不仅仅是平民百姓的生活环境，而且还是一门建筑艺术。通常，胡同内有一个大杂院(warren)，房间够4到10个家庭的差不多20口人住。所以，胡同里的人都很友善，生活也充满了人情味。如今，随着社会和经济的飞速发展，很多胡同被新的高楼大厦所取代。答案:Beijing
12、boasts countless hutongs. The colorful life of common people in hutongs adds enormous charm to the ancient capital, Beijing. The hutongs in Beijing are not only the residence of common people but also a kind of architecture art. Generally speaking, there is a warren inside hutong. It can accommodate
13、 4 to 10 families, representing about 20 persons. As a result, people inhabiting in hutongs are usually friendly to each other, thus generating genuine humanity. Nowadays, with the rapid social and economic development, a multitude of hutongs are replaced by many new high-rise buildings.问题:5. 中国的传统节
14、庆膳食是节日必不可少的伴侣。例如，我国的端午节是纪念古代诗人屈原的日子。那一天，人们通常要赛龙舟、吃粽子。中秋节是观赏满月的日子。圆圆的月亮象征着圆满，象征着家庭团聚。因此，中秋节的特制食品是一种圆形的月饼。春节是中国的农历新年，除了常见的家禽和肉类之外，人们还要按各自的地方习俗烹制传统食物，如饺子和年糕。答案:Traditional Chinese holiday meals are essential on festivals. For instance, the Dragon Boat Festival is a day which is in memory of the ancient
15、 poet Qu Yuan. And on that day, people often hold dragon boat races and eat rice dumplings. The Mid-autumn Festival is a proper occasion for viewing the full moon, which symbolizes completeness and family reunion. Consequently, the special food on that day is a round cake, known as the moon cake. Th
16、e Spring Festival represents the Chinese Lunar New Year. Apart from common poultry and meat, people also cook traditional food depending on regional customs, such as dumplings or New Year cakes.问题:6. 狮舞(Lion Dance)是中国最广为流传的民间舞蹈之一。狮为百兽之首，在中国传统中，狮子被视为是能带来好运的吉祥物。古人将狮子视作勇敢和力量的化身，能驱赶邪恶、保护人类。据记载，狮舞已拥有了2 0
17、00多年的历史。狮舞在唐代就已经被引入了皇室。因此，舞狮成为元宵节和其他节日的习俗，人们以此来祈祷好运、平安和幸福。答案:The Lion Dance is one of the most widespread folk dances in China. The lion heads all the animals. In Chinese tradition, the lion was treated as a mascot, which can bring good fortune for people. For ancient people, the lion was an incarna
18、tion of bravery and strength, so it could expel evil and protect humankind. The dance has a recorded history of over 2,000 years. In Tang Dynasty, the Lion Dance was already introduced into the royal families. Therefore, performing the Lion Dance at the Lantern Festival and other festive occasions b
19、ecomes a custom, whereby people can pray for good fortune, safety and happiness.问题:7. 汉字是从原始人用以记事的简单图画，经过不断演变发展，最终成为一种兼具音、形、意、韵的独特文字。现存中国古代最早成熟的文字是甲骨文，被认为是现代汉字的雏形。此后，汉字又经历了金文、隶书、楷书、草书、行书等不同的阶段。汉字结构外圆内方，源于古人“天圆地方”的观念。汉字有五种基本笔画，即：横、竖、撇、捺、折。答案:For starters, Chinese characters were meant to be simple pi
20、ctures so as to help primitive men remember things. After a long period of evolution, it finally became a unique character system that embodied phonetic sound, image, idea, and rhyme at the same time. The writing system, which was extremely advanced in ancient times, began with inscriptions on bones
21、 and tortoise shells, and these are treated as the original forms of Chinese characters. Henceforth, Chinese characters went through multiple calligraphic styles: bronze inscriptions, official script, regular script, cursive script, running script. The structure of Chinese characters are usually rou
22、nd outside and square inside, which derived from ancient Chinese beliefs of an orbicular sky and a rectangular earth. The five basic strokes of Chinese characters are the horizontal stroke, the vertical stroke, the left-falling stroke, the right-falling stroke and the turning stroke.问题:8. 针灸(acupunc
23、ture)是中医学的重要组成部分。按照中医的经络理论，针灸疗法主要是通过疏通经络、调和气血来达到阴阳归于平衡、脏腑趋于调和之目的。其特点是“内病外治”。主要疗法是用针刺入病人身体的一定穴位，或用艾火的温热刺激病人的穴位，以达到刺激经络、治疗病痛的目的。针灸以其独特的优势，流传至今并传播到了世界，与中餐、功夫、中药一起被海外誉为中国的“新四大国粹”。答案:Acupuncture is an important part of traditional Chinese medicine. According to the main and collateral channels theory in
24、traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture can keep the bodys yin and yang balanced and achieve reconciliation between the internal organs, by dredging the channel and regulating qi and blood. It is distinguished by treating internal diseases with external therapy. The main therapy of acupuncture inv
25、olves using needles to pierce certain acupoints of the patients body, or adopting moxibustion to stimulate the patients acupoints in order to stimulate the channels and relieve pain. Thanks to its unique advantages, acupuncture has been passed on generation after generation and has now spread across the world. Nowadays, acupuncture, along with Chinese food, kung fu, and traditional Chinese medicine, has been crowned as Chinas four new national treasures overseas. 8 / 8