《[语言类考试复习资料大全]大学英语四级分类模拟题489.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《[语言类考试复习资料大全]大学英语四级分类模拟题489.docx（12页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟。祝愿天下莘莘学子：学业有成，金榜题名！语言类考试复习资料大全大学英语四级分类模拟题489大学英语四级分类模拟题489Part Writing问题:1. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying All shall pass with time going by. You can cite examples to illustrate the meaning of letting go of past glory
2、and suffering in life. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.答案:高分范文 All Shall Pass As the famous saying goes, All shall pass with time going by. Simple as the saying is, its meaning is profound and thought-provoking, which is meant to tell us that with the passage of time,
3、everything in life including glory and suffering will go out of existence. Even if one may be haunted by the pain of bygones now and then, he or she should bear this saying in mind so as to have the strength to rise above hardships. Life is not a plain sailing, but a path full of roses and thorns. W
4、e ought to accept both of them, for they are a natural part of lives. Realizing the fact that achievements or setbacks will fade away with time eventually will not only help us rebuild confidence but also motivate us to keep forging ahead in the future. Only in this way can we overcome difficulties,
5、 make progress and enjoy our lives to the fullest. Part Reading ComprehensionPassage One Coca-Cola has always been more focused on its economic bottom line than on global warming, but when the company lost a profitable operating license in India because of a serious water shortage there in 2004, thi
6、ngs began to change. Today, after a decade of increasing damage to Cokes balance sheet as global droughts dried up the water needed to produce its soda, the company has embraced the idea of climate change as an economically disruptive force. Increased droughts, more unpredictable variability, 100-ye
7、ar floods every two years, said Jeffrey Seabright, Cokes vice president for environment and water resources, listing the problems that he said were also disrupting the companys supply of sugar cane and sugar beets (甜美). When we look at our most essential ingredients, we see those events as threats.
8、Coke reflects a growing view among American business leaders and mainstream economists who see global warming as a force that contributes to lower GDPs, higher food and commodity costs, broken supply chains and increased financial risk. Their position is at striking odds with the longstanding argume
9、nt, advanced by the coal industry and others, that policies to curb carbon emissions are more economically harmful than the impacts of climate change. In Washington, the World Bank president, Jim Yong Kim, has put climate change at the center of the banks mission, citing global warming as chief cont
10、ributor to rising global poverty rates and falling GDPs in developing nations. In Europe, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, the Paris- based club of 34 industrialized nations, has begun to warn of the steep costs of increased carbon pollution. Nike, which has more than 700 f
11、actories in 49 countries, many in Southeast Asia, is also speaking out because of extreme weather that is disrupting its supply chain. In 2008, floods temporarily shut down four Nike factories in Thailand, and the company remains concerned about rising droughts in regions that produce cotton, which
12、the company uses in its athletic clothes. Both Nike and Coke are responding internally: Coke uses water-conservation technologies and Nike is using more synthetic material that is less dependent on weather conditions. At Davos and in global capitals, the companies are also lobbying governments to en
13、act environmentally friendly policies. 1. Why did Coca-Cola lose the operating license in India in 2004?A.Its operating license was overdue.B.It only focused on its economic bottom line.C.India was lack of water resources.D.It decided to fight against climate change.答案:C解析 根据题干中的Coca-Cola及operating
14、license定位至第1段第1句。 本题询问可口可乐公司失去在印度的营业执照的原因。题干所问与第1句中when the company lostin India一致，故该句because of后的内容即为本题答案。C中的lack of water resources“缺乏水资源”与原文中的serious water shortage“严重的水资源短缺”意思一致，故为答案。 A“它的营业执照过期了”，文中并没有提到相关内容，排除；B“该公司只关注其经济效益”属于答非所问，该内容的确在文章的首句提到，但与可口可乐失去营业执照的原因无关，也排除；D“该公司决定对抗气候变化”为因果颠倒，可口可乐开始关
15、注环境是失去印度营业执照的结果，而非其原因。 2. What can be regarded as a threat according to Jeffrey Seabright?A.The loss of profitable operating licenses.B.Natural disaster harmful to supply of ingredients.C.Mainstream view towards global warming.D.Inadequate supply of sugar cane.答案:B解析 根据题干中的threat及Jeffrey Seabright定位
16、至第2段。 该段末提到Jeffrey Seabright将those events看作是threats，而根据上文内容可知，those events指代那些会影响可口可乐公司供应链的环境问题(problems that were also disrupting the companys supply of)，故B“危害原料供应的自然灾害”为正确答案。 A“失去回报率高的营业执照”在第1段中提到，C“对全球变暖的主流观点”在第3段有提到，但这两者与Jeffrey Seabright所提到的threats无关，故均排除；原文中的those events指的是气候问题，而非具体的某种原料的不足，D所
17、说的“甜菜的供应不足”不准确。 3. How does the coal industry feel about the policies to curb carbon emissions?A.They are helpful in helping the industry.B.They are effective in protecting the environment.C.They contribute to low productivity in the industry.D.They have a negative impact on economy.答案:D解析 根据题干中的coa
18、l industry定位至第3段最后一句。 该句提到煤炭及其他行业的观点与主流的观点截然相反(at striking odds with)，这些行业认为遏制碳排放的政策本身对经济造成的伤害更甚于气候变化，由此可推断出“遏制碳排放的政策对经济有负面影响”，故D为答案。 煤碳行业对遏制碳排放的政策持负面态度，A“它们对该行业有帮助”含有表褒义的helpful一词，与原文的感情色彩相反，故可排除；B“它们有效地保护了环境”和C“它们造成了该行业的低产”为原文没有提到的信息，均排除。 4. What does Jim Yong Kim say about the climate change?A.It
19、 makes contribution to rising GDPs in developing countries.B.It is a dominate reason for the climbing global poverty rates.C.The World Bank has sent trade mission to deal with it.D.The cost of controlling it has been increased.答案:B解析 根据题干中的Jim Yong Kim可定位至第4段第1句。 由该句citing后的内容可知，世行行长Jim Yong Kim把全球变
20、暖看作是导致全球贫困率上升及发展中国家GDP下降的首要因素，B所述与前者相符，故为本题答案。 A“它促使发展中国家的GDP上升”与原文所述相反，原文说的是造成发展中国家GDP下降，而非上升；C“世界银行已派出贸易团去应对”曲解了原文mission的含义，原文说的是把应对全球变暖作为主要“使命”，而非派出“使团”，故C也排除；D“控制全球变暖的成本上升了”在第4段最后一句有提到，但这是经合组织的看法，与题干所问无关。 5. What actions does Nike take to tackle the problem?A.Using more man-made materials.B.Red
21、ucing carbon emissions.C.Enacting environmentally friendly policies.D.Applying water-conservation technologies.答案:A解析 根据题干中的Nike可定位到最后一段。 文中最后两段均提到Nike，其中最后一段提到该公司应对环境问题所采取的措施。该段第1句末提到，Nike更多地使用人工合成的材料(synthetic material)，A中的man-made与synthetic意思相近，故A为本题答案。 B“减少碳排放”没有原文根据；C“制定更环保的政策”在最后一句有提到，但这是这类企业游
22、说政府去做的事，而非它们自身要做的事，故C不对；D“使用节水技术”是可口可乐公司采取的措施，故也可排除。 Passage Two What are feelings for? Most non-scientists will find it a strange question. Feelings .justify themselves. They need serve no other purpose in order to exist. On the other hand, many evolutionary biologists, in contrast to animal behavi
23、orists, acknowledge some emotions are primarily for their survival function. For both animals and humans, fear motivates the avoidance of danger, love is necessary to care for young, and anger prepares one to hold ground. But the fact that a behavior functions to serve survival need not mean that; t
24、hat is why it is done. Other scientists have attributed the same behavior to conditioning, to learned responses. Certain reflexes and fixed action patterns can occur without feelings or conscious thought. A gull chick pecks at a red spot above it. The parent has a red spot on its bill (喙); the chick
25、 pecks the parents bill. The gull parent feeds its chick when pecked on the bill. The baby gets fed. The interaction need have no emotional content. At the same time, there is no reason why such actions cannot have emotional content. In mammalsincluding humansthat have given birth, milk is often rel
26、eased automatically when a new baby cries. This is not under voluntary control; it is reflex. Yet this does not mean that feeding a new baby is exclusively reflex and expresses no feeling like love. Humans have feelings about their behavior even if it is conditioned or reflexive. Yet since reflexes
27、exist, and conditioned behavior is widespread, measurable, and observable, most scientists try to explain animal behavior using only these concepts. It is simpler. Preferring to explain behavior in ways that fit scientific methods most easily, scientists have refused to consider any causes for anima
28、l behavior other than reflexive and conditioned ones. Scientific orthodoxy (_正统观念) holds that what cannot be readily measured or tested cannot exist, or is unworthy of serious attention. But emotional explanations for animal behavior need not be impossibly complex or unstable. They are just more dif
29、ficult for the scientific method to verify in the usual ways, cleverer and more sophisticated approaches are called for. Most branches of science are more willing to make successive approximations (近似值) to what may prove ultimately unknowable, rather than ignoring it altogether. 1. What do many evol
30、utionary biologists believe?A.Some emotions do not exist.B.Emotions are helpful for peoples survival.C.Emotions give meaning and depth to life.D.Only humans have emotions.答案:B解析 第1段第5句指出，进化生物学家认为一些情感的主要功能是帮助生存，故答案为B。A本身表述错误；C不是进化生物学家的观点；第1段第6句说明动物和人类都有情感，所以D错误。2. What can we learn from the example o
31、f a gull chick pecking the parents bill?A.Behaviors can be learned and have no emotional content.B.It is the innate characteristic for adults to look after the young.C.It takes time for animals to be conditioned.D.Emotions are very important to survival.答案:A解析 第1段倒数第6、7句称，其他科学家把相同的行为归因于适应环境和习得反应，某些反
32、应和固有的行为模式会在不知不觉中发生，接下来作者举了雏鸟的例子。由此可以看出作者举此例子的目的在于阐述“行为来自条件反射和后天学习且有些行为是不知不觉中发生的”这一观点，故答案为A。3. Why does the author think most scientists explain animal behavior in terms of reflexes and conditioning?A.They are the most essential factors for animals to surviveB.They are important for animals to develo
33、p learned and emotional behaviorsC.They are convenient for scientists to explain animals behaviorD.They will lead to a better understanding of animal emotions答案:C解析 由第2段最后两句可知，科学家喜欢用反射和条件作用来解释动物行为，是因为这样比较简单。由此可知答案为C。其他几项未在文中提及。4. What should scientists do to study animal emotions?A.They should set u
34、p improved and refined skillful experiments.B.They should analyze human emotions.C.They should distinguish what is emotional and what is conditioned.D.They should learn from animal behaviorists.答案:A解析 第3段作者称，情感因素更难用通常使用的科学方法进行查证，而需要有更巧妙和更精密的方法，A与文意相符，故为答案。5. What is the authors main purpose of writi
35、ng this passage?A.To make the point that emotions are worth our attention.B.To explain what reflexive behavior is.C.To compare human emotions with animal emotions.D.To discuss the importance of emotions.答案:A解析 文章先说科学家喜欢用反射和条件作用来解释动物行为，接着说应该用更巧妙和更精密的方法来分析动物的情感因素，所以文章的真正意图是呼吁大家重视对动物情感因素的研究，A符合文意，故为答案。
36、Part Translation问题:1. 中国政府承诺在中国普及“全民教育”。我们始终把教育放在优先发展的战略地位，同时积极推进九年义务教育，并在青壮年(young adults)中扫除文盲。经 过十年的努力，中国已经成为世界上为数很少的同时实现了文盲人口减半和贫困人口减半的发展中国家之一。中国在全民教育领域取得的成就举世瞩目，得到了国际社会的肯定，得到了联合国教科文组织的赞许。答案:Chinese government promises to popularize the Education For All in China. We put education on the strateg
37、ic position of prior development all the time, and meanwhile, we positively put forward the nine-year compulsory education and eliminate the illiteracy among young adults. After the endeavor of more than ten years, China has become one of the few developing countries in the world in which the illiterate population and the poor population have both lessened by half. The achievements China has accomplished in the field of education for all are remarkable, gaining the affirmation from international society and praise from the UNESCO. 12 / 12