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1、Mountain Caribou CompendiumThis Compendium is an on-going project, aimed at improving access to information about British Columbias Mountain Caribou. The Compendium is a joint project of: City of Revelstoke through the Revelstoke Caribou Recovery Committee Columbia Mountains Institute of Applied Eco
2、logy Natural Resources Information Network (FORREX) Revelstoke Community Forest Corporation Revelstoke Forest Workers SocietyBegun in June 2003Most recent update August 2008104Mountain Caribou CompendiumTABLE OF CONTENTS1.About the Mountain Caribou Compendium12.Using the Printed Version of the Mount
3、ain Caribou Compendium13.On-line Versions of the Mountain Caribou Compendium24.Supporting Agencies for the Mountain Caribou Compendium25.Questions About the Mountain Caribou Compendium?26.Census Reports and Population Descriptions47.Disturbance198.Ecology309.Forestry5510.Historical Accounts6311.Hydr
4、o-Electric Development6512.Lichen6813.Management Plans8114.Predation95This information can be downloaded as a Microsoft Word document at www.cmiae.orgColumbia Mountains Institute of Applied EcologyBox 2568 Revelstoke British Columbia V0E 2S0Phone: 250-837-9311Email: officecmiae.orgMountainCaribouCom
5、pendium1. About the Mountain Caribou CompendiumThe southern populations of woodland caribou, known locally as “mountain caribou,” are listed as a threatened species. Virtually all of the worlds 1800 mountain caribou live in southeastern British Columbia. The Mountain Caribou Compendium is an initiat
6、ive to improve the accessibility of research results and other information related to the mountain caribou herds of southeastern British Columbia.The Compendium consists of three parts: a print version and two on-line versions: Print copies of research reports are housed at the Columbia Mountains In
7、stitute of Applied Ecology in Revelstoke, Second Floor, 200 Campbell Avenue (non-circulating collection). Digital copies of abstracts are available for downloading as MS Word files at the web site of the Columbia Mountains Institute (www.cmiae.org look in the Resources section). Links to some public
8、ations are available at this web site.2. Using the Printed Version of the Mountain Caribou CompendiumThe printed version of the Mountain Caribou Compendium is housed at the Columbia Mountains Institute of Applied Ecology, located at 200 Campbell Avenue (second floor). Office hours are not regular; c
9、all 250-837-9311 or officecmiae.org to be sure the office is open.The print version of the Mountain Compendium is for reference only and cannot be removed from the office. The materials are not available through inter-library loans. To find an article on the library shelf:This binder contains all th
10、e abstracts from the documents that are contained in the Mountain Caribou Compendium. The abstracts are sorted by topic. Simply browse the abstracts in the topic that you are interested in and locate the number of the article. Go to the boxes on the library shelf and find the article with the corres
11、ponding number.Abstracts are categorized under the following headings: Census Reports and Population Descriptions Disturbance Ecology Forestry Historical Accounts Hydro-Electric Development Lichen Management Plans Predation3. On-line Versions of the Mountain Caribou CompendiumOn-line versions of the
12、 Compendium include the abstracts for each document, sources for documents, a hyperlink to the complete document when available, and give the number of the item as it appears on the library shelf.Visit the Columbia Mountains Institute web site at www.cmiae.org and look in the section called Resource
13、s, then choose Mountain Caribou Compendium. Download either of the two types of MS Word files that are offered, and use your keywords with MS Words search function to find articles of interest. 4. Supporting Agencies for the Mountain Caribou CompendiumIn early 2003 the Revelstoke Forest Workers Soci
14、ety in Revelstoke compiled a list of all research reports and other documents relevant to the management of the threatened local mountain caribou populations. The Columbia Mountains Institute of Applied Ecology became host for the project, with a commitment to maintain the collection of print materi
15、als and make the information available over the internet. The Columbia Mountains Institute will be responsible for the long term upkeep for the Compendium. Early financial support for the project comes from the City of Revelstokes “Revelstoke Caribou Recovery Committee” and the Revelstoke Community
16、Forest Corporation. 5. Questions About the Mountain Caribou Compendium?If you have any questions about using the Mountain Caribou Compendium, please contact:Columbia Mountains Institute of Applied EcologyPO Box 2568, Revelstoke, British Columbia V0E 2S0Phone: 250-837-9311 Email: officecmiae.orgWeb s
17、ite: www.cmiae.org6. Census Reports and Population DescriptionsHabitat Use and Movements of Two Ecotypes of Translocated Caribou in Idaho and British ColumbiaAuthor(s): C.D. Warren, J.M. Peek, G.L. Servheen, P. ZagersDate: 01-Apr-96Source: Number on Library Shelf: 9Two woodland caribou (Rangifer tar
18、andus caribou) ecotypes, mountain and northern, were translocated to the southern Selkirk Mountains in northern Idaho (U.S.A) to augment a remnant subpopulation. The translocation resulted in an additional subpopulation that used the general area of the release site. The mountain ecotype stock exhib
19、ited patterns of movement and habitat use similar to those of the resident subpopulation. The northern ecotype stock exhibited more variable habitat use, especially in the first year after translocation. Dispersal of the northern stock was not as extensive as that of the mountain stock. Fourteen of
20、22 caribou from the northern stock and 6 of 18 caribou from the mountain stock died during the 3-year period after the release. Our results suggest that when donor subpopulations must be used that do not closely compare with resident subpopulations extinct or extant, larger numbers of individuals ma
21、y be needed to establish a self-sustaining population.Fuzzy structure and spatial dynamics of a declining woodland caribou populationAuthor(s): James A. Schaefer, A. M. Veitch, F.H. Harrington, W.K. Brown, J.B. Theberge, S.N. LuttichDate: 01-Dec-00Source: Oecologia (2001) 126:507514Number on Library
22、 Shelf: 11http:/www.trentu.ca/jschaefe/Schaefer2001Oecologia.pdfExamining both spatial and temporal variation can provide insights into population limiting factors. We investigated the relative spatial and temporal changes in range use and mortality within the Red Wine Mountains caribou herd, a popu
23、lation that declined by approximately 75% from the 1980s to the 1990s. To extract the spatial structure of the population, we applied fuzzy cluster analysis, a method which assigns graded group membership, to space use of radio-tracked adult females, and compared these results to a hard classificati
24、on based on sums-of-squares agglomerative clustering. Both approaches revealed four subpopulations. Based on the subpopulation assignments, we apportioned the number of animals, radio-days, calving events and mortalities across subpopulations before and after the decline. The results indicated that,
25、 as the herd declined, subpopulations were disproportionately affected. In general, subpopulations with the greatest range overlap with migratory caribou from the George River herd experienced comparative reductions in activity and increased mortality. The subpopulation with the least overlap exhibi
26、ted the converse pattern. The infra-population imbalances were more pronounced when herd clustering was employed. Our results reiterate that refugia from other ungulates may be important in the persistence of taiga-dwelling caribou. We propose that changes across time and space are valuable assays o
27、f localized demographic change, especially where individuals exhibit spatial hyperdispersion and site fidelity.A Census Technique For Monitoring Woodland CaribouAuthor(s): Wayne L. WakkinenDate: 19-Jun-95Source: Journal of Applied EcologyVolume 37 Issue 4 Page 589 - August 2000Number on Library Shel
28、f: 44We attempted to develop a model to quantify factors affecting visibility of woodland caribou and provide statistically valid population estimates. Our design consisted of a 2-stage sampling effort: a pre-census fixed wing flight to determine caribou distribution and a census flight using a heli
29、copter to count and classify individuals. Radio-marked caribou were used to quantify conditions of non-detection. We detected 100% of the groups with at least 1 radio-marked caribou during the fixed-wing flights (n=27). Eighty-three percent (23 of 27) of these groups were detected during the helicop
30、ter census. The conditional probability of detecting a group during the census was ) 0.81 at the 90% confidence level. The minimum population size was determined to be 47, 47, 51 and 45 in 1991-1994. Modeling the detection factors had limited value for the highly successful technique described here.
31、 The 2-stage method has applications in wildlife census work where animals are unpredictably grouped within a large geographic area.Mountain Caribou Censuses in the North Columbia MountainsAuthor(s): Bruce McLellan, John Flaa, John WoodsDate: 25-Mar-03Source: 759-766 in L.M. Darling, ed. 2000. Proc.
32、 Conf. on the Biology and Manage. Species and Habitats at Risk, Kamloops, B.C., 15-19 Feb., 1999. Vol. 2; B.C. Minist. Environ., Lands and Parks, Victoria, BC, and Univ. College of the Cariboo, Kamloops, BC. 520ppNumber on Library Shelf: 68http:/www.cbfishwildlife.org/reports/teaser.php?report_id=56
33、Woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) in southeastern British Columbia feed on arboreal lichen during the winter that are most abundant on old trees and thus have been identified as an old-growth dependent species (B.C. Ministry of Environment 1989). Clear-cut harvesting of mature forests has
34、 been perceived as being incompatible with maintaining winter habitat for caribou. The relationship between the amount of clearcutting plus other forms of human intrusion into caribou habitat and actual numbers of caribou is unknown. To develop an understanding of this relationship, the number of ca
35、ribou must be known and we must have the ability to track their numbers as the condition of their habitat changes. The primary purpose of this report is to present information on a caribou census conducted in March 1994. It is hoped that this census can be used as a benchmark for future censuses. In
36、 addition, we summarized caribou censuses conducted in this area in 1993, and others conducted in the past by the B.C. Hydro Mica and Revelstoke Compensation Programs (MCRP) and by Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks (MOELP).Population Censuses Of Caribou In The Columbia Forest District-DRAFTAu
37、thor(s): Bruce McLellan, Janis Hooge, John FlaaDate: 30-Apr-02Source: Number on Library Shelf: 80This document reports on a study conducted in the Columbia Forest District in which mountain caribou were radiocollared in attempts to identify and monitor the population.Status Of The Selkirk Mountain C
38、aribouAuthor(s): David J. Freddy, Albert W. EriksonDate: 01-Aug-72Source: Number on Library Shelf: 101http:/cmiae.org/wp-content/uploads/reference101.pdf5.2 MB (scanned)The Selkirk Mountain caribou (Rangifer tarandus montanus) are the only naturally remaining caribou in the contiguous United States,
39、 being found in the Selkirk Mountains on northern Idaho, northeastern Washington and southern British Columbia, Canada. Observations indicate there is a minimum of 35 caribou in the herd. These animals are divided into at least three small groups and occupy a somewhat discontinuous range. The animal
40、s wintered in the subalpine fir-Engelmann spruce forest in areas of moderate relief between the elevations of 1,380 m and 2,160 m. Arboreal lichens of the genus Alectoria range comprised the main winter food. Ecological damage to already limited winter range could seriously jeopardize the size and d
41、istribution of this herd. Special land classification, logging restrictions, forest fire control and continued protected status for these animals are essential management considerations.Caribou and Moose Habitat Inventory and Habitat Management Guidelines in the Columbia River Drainage near Revelsto
42、ke, BCAuthor(s): Keith Simpson, John P. Kelsall, Chris ClementDate: 01-Aug-88Source: Number on Library Shelf: 102The report deals with moose and caribou and their habitat in timber supply areas near Revelstoke, B.C. As a result of wildlife studies near Revelstoke and accelerating development in the
43、area, the Ministry of Environment and Parks identified a need to inventory critical habitats for moose and caribou and to develop management guidelines, which will ensure the maintenance of wildlife populations in the area.Development of a preliminary habitat assessment and planning tool for mountai
44、n caribou in southeast British ColumbiaAuthor(s): Clayton D. Apps, Trevor KinleyDate: 01-Jan-98Source: Prepared for FRBC, Report #MR270Number on Library Shelf: 106http:/www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/library/frbc1997/FRBC1997MR270.pdfThe Purcell Mountains of southeast British Columbia support a population of
45、 mountain caribou near the southernmost extension of their range. This ecotype is dependent upon late-successional forests, largely because such stands provide arboreal lichen for winter forage. Recent provincial forest practices legislation and land-use planning initiatives have provided the impetu
46、s for developing an interim caribou habitat assessment model for use as a planning tool. We applied the HIS (habitat suitability index) model developed for a nearby population as a testable hypothesis of caribou habitat selection in the southern Purcells. In a study area of about 6000km2, 512 radiol
47、ocations were obtained for 22 animals from 1993 through 1995. Seasonal selectivity was assessed for the following model variables: elevation, slope, habitat type/current cover type, over story size class, canopy closure, and age of dominant over story. Caribou were most selective for stand age, whic
48、h the model also defined as the greatest determinant of habitat suitability. However, we did not judge overall model output to be an adequate predictor of habitat selection by southern Purcell caribou. Seasonal ratings for each variable were therefore modified to better reflect selection patterns by animals