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1、题型七概要写作Writing1阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Thesedaysoursocietydevelopsrapidlyandforcespeopletorush.Itappearsthatpeoplehavegotusedtobeinginahurry.However,itsbetterforpeopletotaketheirtimeandlivetheirlifeataslowerpacethantohurrytogetthingsdone.Themainreasonthatconvincesustoopposedoingworkinahurryisthepo
2、ssibilityofdoingwronginarush.Whenpeopledotheirjobsortakeactioninahurry,theycantmakeasounddecisionandprobablyregretlater.Asthesayinggoes,Hastemakeswaste.Weshouldthinkcarefullybeforemakingadecisionanddoourworklessquickly.Weshouldnotmakemistakesbydoingworkhurriedly.Slowingdownthepaceoflifehelpspeopleen
3、joytheirlifebetter.Forexample,takingatraintosomeplacecertainlywilltakemoretimethantakingaplane.However,takingatrainmakespeoplehaveenoughtimetogettoknowalotofnewfriends.Besides,itallowspeopletofullyenjoythebeautifulsceneryalongtheway.Onthecontrary,beinginahurrywillmakeuslosechancesofenjoyingourlife.F
4、inally,slowerlifepaceprovidesbetterhealthconditionforus.Asisknowntoall,takingactioninahurrybotherspeopleandraisestheirstress.Peoplethinkiftheyarenotinahurry,theywillbecomealoserandthatannoysthem.Butbeinginahurrycanhurtpeoplebothphysicallyandmentally.Accordingtosomestudies,peoplewhohaveaslowerpacesuf
5、ferfewerdiseases,tendtobehappierandlivemuchlongerthanthosewhoselifeistense,eveniftheformerfinishworkmoreslowlythanthelatter.Inshort,workingquicklywillbringaboutmorematerialbenefitstomakeoursocietymoreadvanced.Yet,muchstresscantbringenjoyment,friendsandhealth,whicharemuchmoreimportantthanmoneyandothe
6、rmaterialadvantages.Therefore,takeyourtimeandliveyourlifeataslowerpace.Writing2阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Isthetraditionalfamilydinnerathingofthepast?Intodayshouseholdswherebothparentsgotoworkandkidshavebusyschedules,anarrayofafterschoolactivitiesandmuchhomework,findingtimeforagatheringatthetableseem
7、simpossible.Yet,studieshaveshowntimeandagainthateatingtogetherhasmultiplebenefitsforfamilymembers,especiallychildren.AccordingtoanumberofreportsissuedbytheNationalCenteronAddictionandSubstanceAbuseatColumbiaUniversity,childrenwhoeatatleastfivetimesaweekwiththeirfamilyareatlowerriskofdevelopingpoorea
8、tinghabits,weightproblemsoralcoholdependency,andtendtoperformbetteracademicallythantheirpeerswhofrequentlyeataloneorawayfromhome.Eatingtogetherasafamilyisnotjustaboutfoodandnutrition.Foodhasbecomesoeasilyandcheaplyavailablethatwenolongerappreciateitssignificance,saysProfessorRobinFox,whoteachesanthr
9、opologyatRutgersUniversityinNewJersey.Wehavetorediscoveritsimportanceanditsvalue.Sharingamealwithlovedonesshouldbeconsideredaspecialevent,whichcanalmosttaketheformofaceremony,asitwaspracticedbyourancestors,forwhomfindingfoodwasaconstantstruggle.Besidesappreciationforthevalueoffood,therearealsomanyso
10、cialelementsthatcomeintoplaywhenfamiliessharemeals,saysMiriamWeinstein,authorofTheSurprisingPowerofFamilyMealsThedinnertablecanbetheperfectenvironmentwherekidslearnhowtoconductconversations,observegoodmanners,serveothers,listen,solveconflictsandcompromise.Ofcourse,thereisnoguaranteethatthesimpleacto
11、featingathomesurroundedbyfamilywillsavechildrenfromdevelopingunhealthylifestylesormakingregrettablechoicesdowntheroad.Itmaynotmakethemmorevirtuous(品行端正的)orsociallymoreresponsible.Butitcanformabasisforalotofthings.Writing3阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。ScientistsinLondonsaytheyhavefoundthebestdietforbothh
12、umansandtheplanet.TheytoldReutersthatiftheworldfollowedthesocalledplanetaryhealthdiet,eachyearmorethan11millionearlydeathscouldbeprevented.Scientistssaythatthewayweproduceandeatfoodisverybadfortheplanet.Andtheyclaimthebestdietcanreducegreenhousegasesandsavemoreland,waterandanimals.TimLang,aprofessor
13、atUniversityofLondon,co-ledtheresearch.HetoldReuters,Thefoodweeatandhowweproduceitdeterminethehealthofpeopleandtheplanet,andwearecurrentlygettingthisseriouslywrong.Langaddedthattheworldspopulationisexpectedtogrowto10billionby2050.Ifwewanttofeedeveryone,weallneedtochangewhatweeatandthewayweeatbyimpro
14、vingfoodproductionandreducingfoodwaste.Well,whatdoyoueatontheplanetaryhealthdiet?Thescientistswhocreatedthisdietsayitislargelyplant-basedbutstillhassmallamountsofdairyproducts,fishandmeat.Thedietcallsforcuttingredmeatandsugarby50percentanddoublingtheamountofnuts,fruits,vegetablesandlegumes.Foodsitua
15、tionsaroundtheworldarenotequal.Incertainareas,thiswouldmeangreatchanges.PeopleinNorthAmerica,forexample,eat6.5timestherecommendedamountofredmeat.Ontheotherhand,peopleinSouthAsiaeatonlyhalftheamountsuggestedbythenewplanetaryhealthdiet.Meetingthetargetsforvegetableswouldneedbigchangesinotherareas.Insu
16、b-SaharanAfrica,peopleonaverageeat7.5timesthesuggestedamountofvegetableslikepotatoesandcassava.Thescientistsadmittheirgoalwillbedifficulttoachieve.Butforthemdoingnothingisalsonotanoption.Willetsaid,Ifwecantquitemakeit,itsbettertotryandgetascloseaswecan.Writing4阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Artificialint
17、elligence(AI)teacherscanprovidecustomizedteachingforstudentstomeettheiruniquerequirementsthroughanalyzingdataanddeeplearning.Inthefuture,theymayreplacehumanteachersforbasicteachingtasks.Sincesomestudentsmayfindithardtofollowteachersinclass,AIcanmeettheirindividualneeds,givethemconfidenceandputnewpow
18、erintotraditionalteachingpatterns.AneducationsystemprovidingcustomizedteachingcenteredonstudentsrepresentsthefuturetrendofAIeducation.ChinasAIeducationhasdevelopedrapidlyinrecentyearswiththeriseofseveralthousandrelevantcompanies.Currently,AIteachersareabletohelpstudentslearnpronunciation,analyzethei
19、rcondition,guidethemtolearnindependently,andevengradewritingassignments.SomeforeignAIeducationsystemshavebeenintroducedintoseveraldomesticschoolsandhaveworkedwellontrial.However,thepromotionofAIeducationisstillfacingseveraldifficultiesinpracticesuchaslowtechnologicallevels,theinadequacyofdataandlack
20、offunds.AIeducationstilldependslargelyonhumanteacherswork.Mostimportantly,itconflictswithcurrenteducationalpatternsbecausethecoursesdevelopedbyforeigncountriesarenotsuitableforChineseexam-orientededucation.Teachersmayalsofindithardtochangetheiroriginalrolesinclassroomssinceeasingcontrolonclassesmaym
21、akethemseemirresponsible.TheseproblemsneedtobehandledbeforethemasspromotionofAIeducation.WithAIteachers,theoriginalteacher-centeredclasseswillbetransformedintostudent-centeredoneswhereteachersonlyorganizetheclassandprovideguidance.Sinceteachersaresupposedtonotonlyequipstudentswithknowledgebutalsosha
22、petheirvaluesandhelpthemdevelopcreativeabilities,AIteacherswillnotreplacehumanteachersbutonlyposehigherrequirementsofteaching.AcombinationofAIteachersandhumanonescancreatethebestfutureforAIeducation.Writing1阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Nowadays,sharedbicyclescanoftenbeseenscattered(分散的)everywhereoncity
23、streetsandpilesofbicyclesdamagetheimageofthecityanddisruptpublictransport,causingmanycitiestobantheentryofbike-sharingcompanies.Franklyspeaking,sincethebirthofthisnewservice,neithereconomicprofitsnorsocialbenefitshavebeensatisfactory.Thisimpliesthatthecurrentsharedbicycleservicemodelisunsustainable.
24、Iftheserviceisallowedtoexpandunderitscurrentmodel,itwillcausehugechallengestourbanmanagement,especiallytoorderonthestreets.Inotherwords,thecurrenturbanmanagementmodelcantbearthistypeofoperationmodel.Ofcourse,sharedbicycleservicesarenotwithoutbenefits.Inbigcities,someareasareinaccessibletopublictrans
25、portoreventaxis.Inthiscase,thesebikesplayaparticularlyusefulrole.However,thelimitedbenefitofconvenienceisnotenoughtocanceloutthehugecostcreatedbythemessandwasteofthisoperationmodel.Thisproblemisincreasinglystrikingincitiesthathavealargenumberofsharedbikes.Convenienceforalimitednumberofusersisgaineda
26、ttheexpenseofthevastmajorityofthecity.Thusitishightimethaturbanmanagementandtransportauthoritiesdealtwiththisissue.Firstly,sincethereisstillnosuccessfulsharedbicycleservicemodel,theexpansionofthisserviceshouldbestopped.Secondly,ifpossible,relevantfirmsshouldtrytorearrangetheirexistingbicyclesinamore
27、reasonablewayandimprovetheiroperationsothatexistingbikescanbebetterusedtominimizethewasteofresources.Yearshavepassedsincethisbusinessappeared,butoldproblemsstillexist.Therefore,aninnovative(创新的)conceptisnotenough;theremustalsobetechnologicalandmanagementinnovationtomatchit.Thefocusofbike-sharingfirm
28、sshouldbeshiftedfromquantitytocombinationwithcitiespublicmanagement.Weallhopetoseemoreofthiskindoftimelyandeffectivemeasuressothatthesharingeconomycanfollowahealthiermodelofdevelopment.Writing2阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Publicspeakingistheactofspeakingtoalargegroupofpeopleinahighlyorganizedmanner.Kno
29、wingtheartofpublicspeakingisveryimportant.Theabilitytospeakconfidentlyandconvincinglyinpublicnotonlywillmakeyoustandoutwhileincollege,butalsowillenableyoutoplayanactiveroleinyourworkplaceandcommunityinthefuture.Therearemanyoccasionswhereyouwilllikelybeaskedtogiveaspeech,suchasatschoolmeetings,gradua
30、tionceremonies,awardceremonies,receptions,orweddingparties.Publicspeakingofteninvolvestwomajorstagesofwork:preparationanddelivering.Asforthepreparation,youshouldstartwithanaudienceanalysisanddecideonaspeechtopicandpurpose.Themoreyouknowandunderstandaboutyouraudience,thebetteryouwillchooseatopicandpr
31、eparethespeech.Afteryouanalyzeyouraudienceandsetthespeechobjective,youneedtogathermaterialstosupportyouridea.Examples,stories,statistics,andtestimony(证明)arefourmajortypesofsupportingmaterials.YoucangatherthesematerialsfromtheInternet,journals,magazines,books,newspapers,oryourpersonalexperience.After
32、yougatherenoughmaterialsaboutthetopic,youthenneedtoorganizethemclearlyandlogically.Thelanguageofaspeechtendstobedifferentfromthatofwriting.Inaspeech,shorterandsimplerwordsandsentencesarepreferredtolongandcomplexonessothatthelistenerscanunderstandwell.Besides,variouskindsofrhetoricaldevices(修辞手法)areo
33、ftenemployedtoaddpowertothespeechlanguageandbringemotionalresponsesintheaudience.Tosuccessfullydeliveraspeech,youneedtodoalotofworkaswell.Forexample,youneedtomakeeffectiveuseofyourvoiceandbodysoastoconveyyourmessageclearlyandvividly.Maybeyoualsoneedtopreparesomevisual(视觉的)aidssuchasPowerPointtohelpy
34、ouraudienceunderstandyouwell.Writing3阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Scientistshavealreadyshownthatgeneticengineeringcanrapidlyspreadaself-destructivegeneticmodification(基因改造)throughaspecies.Researchershavebeenreadytotestitinmosquitoes.Ifprovedsuccessful,thenewtechnologymightcausemosquitoesasaspeciestodie
35、out.Aquestionisraised:Dohumanshavetherighttousegeneextinction(灭绝)againstotherspecies?Withmosquitoes,theremayseemtobeenoughreasonsforsometosayyes.AccordingtodatafromtheWorldHealthOrganization,mosquitoescausethedeathofatleast725,000personsannuallybyspreadingdeadlydiseasessuchasmalaria,denguefever,yell
36、owfeverandtype-Bencephalitis.Somanyarguethatwehavetherighttopaymosquitoesbackanddefendourselves.However,abasicruleofevolutionisthateveryexistingcreaturehasreasontoexist,andispartoftheEarthsecosystemasawhole.Endingonespeciesmightleadtochainreactionsbeyondtheexpectationsofeveryone.Ifmosquitoesdieoutun
37、derthegeneticattackofhumankind,itispossiblethatcertainfrogs,spiders,aswellasbirdsmightdieout,too,becausetheyhuntmosquitoesforfood.Thenspeciesthatfeedonthesemightdieoutandsoonupthefoodchain.Evenwiththebestintentions,genedrivescouldpotentiallychangefoodchainsandwipeoutbeneficialcreaturesalongsidethepe
38、stsbeingtargetedwhenreleasedintotheenvironment.Besides,ifpeopledecidetheyhavetherighttoendmosquitoes,theymightchoosetoendotherspeciestheyconsiderharmful.Whogetstodecidewhichspeciesisthenexttogoextinct?Whilevotingagainsttheproposaltotemporarilybanthereleaseofgenetically-drivencreatures,theUnitedNatio
39、nsConferenceonBio-Diversitydidrequiretheresearchersofgenetically-drivenmosquitoestoevaluatethepossibleeffectsoftheirresearchandcontrolthemtoavoidunnecessaryharm.Genedrivesarebeingannouncedasaquickfix,butwecanneverbetoocautiousaboutinterfering(干涉)withnature.Writing4阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Inthedeepestdiveinamannedsubmersible(潜艇),USexplorerVictorVescovospottedandvideo-recordedaplasticbagandapileofcandywrappersontheseabed.Hisdiscoveryofplasticwaste11.2kilometersbel