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1、 PINGDINGSHAN UNIVERSITY 毕业论文题 目: On Advantages and Disadvantages of the Chinese and American Family Education院 系: 外国语学院 专业年级: 09级英语教育专升本（）班姓 名: 学 号: 093020117 指导教师: 2011年4月20日 On Advantages and Disadvantages of the Chinese and American Family Education中美家庭教育的得失探析School or Department: College of For
2、eign LanguagesGrade and Specialty: 2009, English EducationName: Ou EnningAdvisor: Shan Manju (Professor)April 20, 2011毕业设计（论文）诚信承诺书本人郑重声明：所呈交的毕业论文（设计）是本人在指导老师指导下取得的研究成果。除了文中特别加以注释和致谢的地方外，论文（设计）中不包含其他人已经发表或撰写的研究成果。与本研究成果相关的所有人所做出的任何贡献均已在论文（设计）中作了明确的说明并表示了谢意。签名： 年月日AcknowledgementsWith the composition
3、 of the thesis coming to an end, I have at last obtained an opportunity to express my gratitude to my supervisor, Shan Manju, who has not only given me her generous and instructive advice, and valuable materials, but also spent much time reading and correcting the manuscript of the thesis. Besides,
4、some teachers constant encouragement and help during my study here could not be underestimated for the fulfillment of this thesis.I am also thankful to the other teachers of our College of Foreign Language, whose courses I have attended and from whom I have learned much.I would also like to acknowle
5、dge my deep indebtedness to my parents who spare no pains bringing me up.AbstractSince the Reform and Opening-up, the worldwide concerning with education has been up to an unprecedented level. As the primary stage of education, the importance of family education should not be ignored. Family educati
6、on is greatly related to a persons life. Nowadays, social development needs high-qualified talents and good family education is the key point to the high-qualified talents. In the society with rapid economic development and a great many one-child-families, in China, many problems about family educat
7、ion have emerged. Meanwhile, exploring the educational theories, many educators attempt to solve these problems by referring to the family education systems of developed countries. The family education system of American families is an appropriate reference. This thesis first introduces the definiti
8、on of family education. Second, this thesis points out the main problems in todays Chinese family education. Third, this thesis points out the different family education between China and America (mainly in aspects of family educations contents, aims and methods). Through contrast, the thesis explor
9、es the reasons of these differences. Finally, the thesis puts forward some methods that suit to Chinese family education.Key Words: Chinese and American family education; advantages and disadvantages; comparison and contrast摘 要自改革开放以来，教育在世界范围内的重视达到了空前的高度。作为教育的最初级阶段，家庭教育的重要作用是毋庸置疑的。家庭教育的成功与否关乎一个人的一生。
10、现在社会的发展需要高素质的人才，而良好的家庭教育的确是培养高素质人才最关键的起点。随着中国经济的快速发展与独生子女家庭数量的不断增加，越来越多的家庭教育问题出现了。众多教育学者在进行理论探究的同时，都试图参照西方发达国家家庭教育的经验来解决我们的家庭教育问题。其中美国的家庭教育是个很好的参照。本文首先从介绍家庭教育的定义入手, 然后指出中国家庭教育存在的主要问题, 接着对中美两国家庭教育的相关方面（主要是家教内容,家教目的和家教方法）进行对比，这里所说的家庭教育的目的就是通过家庭教育要把受教育者培养成什么样的人，教育的内容和方法都很需要根据目的去选择。根据这些因素的比较，归纳分析形成两国家庭教
11、育差异的原因。最后通过对比中美两国的家庭教育, 取其精华去其糟粕, 提出几点适合中国的家庭教育方法。关 键 词：中美家庭教育；得失；对比Table of ContentsAcknowledgementsiAbstractii摘 要iiiTable of ContentsivChapter 1 Introduction1Chapter 2 The Definition of Family Education2Chapter 3 Main Problems in Todays Chinese Family Education33.1 A Utocratic Type of Family Educa
12、tion33.2 Indulgent Type of Family Education33.3 Careless Type of Family Education33.4 Bringing up by Elder Generation Showing more Disadvantages4Chapter 4 The Contrast of the Family Education Between China andAmerica54.1 The Contrast of the Contents of Family Education54.2 The Contrast of the Ways o
13、f Family Education64.2.1 Differences in Cultivation of Childrens Independence64.2.2 Differences in the Cultivation of Childrens Interests104.2.3 Differences in the Cultivation of Childrens Creativity114.2.4 Differences in the Cultivation of Childrens Psychological Health124.2.5 Differences in the Cu
14、ltivation of Childrens Fame124.2.6 Differences in the Cultivation of Childrens Relationship with Parents134.3 The Contrast of the Family Educations Results between China and America14Chapter 5 Some Suggestions Concerning Chinese Famliy Education175.1 On the Aspect of Education Objects175.2 On the as
15、pect of education contents175.3 On the Aspect of Education Methods18Chapter 6 Conclusion19Bibliography：20Chapter 1 IntroductionFrom ancient times to modern times, family education has been playing an important role in the national education. A great man-Deng Xiaoping once said, “The basis of a count
16、rys modernization lies in talents, the basis of talents lies in education, and the basis of education lies in family. China is a country with emphasis on the family education.” The family education, the school education and the social education are the three big props of education. They are indispen
17、sable. Nowadays, increasing attention has been paid to family education by the modern society, and it becomes a hot spot of society, which is closely related to tens of thousands of families vital benefits and urgent needs. In order to find a better way to educate our children, we should study and u
18、se other countries experience for reference. There are many types of family education in the world, and American family education is among the most famous. So it is necessary and significant to make a comparison of the differences of family education between America and China. This thesis is to comp
19、are and contrast Chinese family education and American family education superficially, which may offer some suggestions to Chinese family education.Chapter 2 The Definition of Family EducationIn the dictionary, the definition of family education is: Parents or elder generation educate the child or t
20、eenager in family. Different society needs different family education. Family education is the way that parents educate their children; it is an important part of the whole education system. For the sake of the changing situation, the definition of family education should be extended as follows: “（A
21、）Family education is not only the action of family but also the concerns of the whole society. （B）Family educations aims are not only studying the family relation and living skills, but also the physiology and psychology of every family member and family members all-round development.（C）Family educa
22、tion is not only the way that parents or elder generation educate the child or teenager in family, but all the family members educate each other. （D）Family education is not only the education of the pre-school education, but also life-long education.” Actually family education is a concept with rich
23、 connotations and wide denotations. It is the continuous and lifelong influence between the family members. It includes the self-conscious or unself-conscious, tangible or intangible influence on multilevel, as well as the non-subject influence of social circumstance, life style and environment.Chap
24、ter 3 Main Problems in Todays Chinese Family EducationFamily education is vital to the education of children, but in China there are some problems in family education and they have bad effect on the children. In this part I will list some main problems in Chinese family education.3.1 A Utocratic Typ
25、e of Family EducationIn some Chinese families, parents require their children should do whatever they want their children to do. If the children dont obey their orders, they will scold the children, even worse, they will punish the children. “A questionnaire of 300 students in a middle school shows:
26、 Ninety percent of the students had been punished!” The parents cant bear that their children disobey them. They restrict their children. They check their childrens cellphones.3.2 Indulgent Type of Family EducationParents love is very important for the psychological development of teenagers. However
27、, in modern China, a child is probably the only child in a family, and the parents give too much love to the child. It leads to a situation that the child cant live without their parents. They seldom run into troubles because their parents have already solved the problem for them before they come ac
28、ross it. This kind of children cant get along with other people very well. They consider themselves as the most important ones. Even worse, they may not have enough independent ability to live in the society without their parents help. When they go to society, they will feel depressed. “In a investi
29、gation of 4000 teenage criminals, 16.3% of them receive this kind of family education.”3.3 Careless Type of Family EducationIt usually refers to parents who lack responsibility to take care of their children. Young parents are working hard to make money. They dont have enough time to get together wi
30、th their children. According to a survey, the children, whose parents are individual entrepreneurs, taxi drivers or labor contractors, break the law easily. The main reason is that such parents have little time at home. Even if they are at home, they seldom put their hearts on their children. They s
31、imply think: If they can provide a good living condition for their children, their children will become talents. This type of family education is dangerous. Childrens thought is not mature enough to judge all the things in a right way. It is easy for these children to choose the wrong way to go when
32、 they grow up.3.4 Bringing up by Elder Generation Showing more DisadvantagesBringing up by elder generation in China means more chance to spoil the children. The common situation is that children are raised by grandparents. In this way, there are more disadvantages than advantages. On the one hand,
33、the grandparents use the conservative, strict traditional concept to educate their grandsons or granddaughters. This isnt good for the growth of the children, because the children like new and exciting things and they dislike the grandparents traditional ways of education. On the other hand, sometim
34、es the grandparents love the children so much that they will do all the things for the children and when the children do some wrong things, they even dont correct them. As a result, these children are spoiled. In general, Chinese children show negative tendency in their characters: passive, timid, d
35、ependent, etc. In a word, they are lack of the ability of adapting themselves to the new surroundings. These personalities are closely related to our degree-oriented society. Children are expected to be toiled at their studies in the universities rather than to be tortured in society.Chapter 4 The C
36、ontrast of the Family Education Between China andAmericaFrom the results of the family education, we can find, in the process of family education, although it is not a kind of systematic education, it still has its educational aims, contents and methods. The aims of education are the most important
37、ones, which determine family educations contents and methods.4.1 The Contrast of the Contents of Family EducationThe aim of education determines the content of education. “The contents of American family education are very plentiful. American parents pay attention to their childrens all-round study.
38、” We called “qualified education”, which includes physical strength, cognition, social ability, emotion and so on. In America, parents aims are to train their children to have the ability of adapting to environmental variety and the ability of living independently. Based on this concept, most Americ
39、an parents emphasize greatly to train their childrens ability of independence from the very beginning. They generally believe that childrens growth must rely on their own experiences, because they think that children should form a self-support will and the capacity to live independently since their
40、childhood. And the capacity comes from the training in the early age. The so-called training contains many aspects, such as work, temper, patience, the spirit of hard work, etc. However, the most fundamental training is the ability of adapting to hard conditions. Through the process of work, childre
41、n will form the labor sense, learn some work skills and form a habit of labor. Besides, children can learn how to overcome difficulties, temper their willpower, develop their talents and skills, enrich their knowledge, and form a habit of hard work and be thrifty by working in hard conditions. It is
42、 just in the unconscious process that children obtain the independent survivability and take the responsibilities for the society.Compared with Americans, Chinese parents have a very different concept of childrens education. Some parents in China only care about whether the children have a promising
43、 future, a good job, a good life or not. Based on these expectations, the majority of parents feel that their responsibility for their children is to create as good conditions as possible so that the children will not worry about anything in the future.Chinese parents would like to provide everythin
44、g they can for their children in the process of childrens growth. In short, they would like to sacrifice anything if their children can live better with their help. Therefore, in the process of childrens growth, the most important thing the parents concerned is to develop their childrens intellect,
45、besides caring childrens daily life. In order to make their children have a good performance in study, become outstanding, or even become a famous person in the future, they would not let children do anything except studying. As for the childrens independence, civic awareness and their ability to ad
46、ap to the society in the future, they consider little or not at all. From these aspects, we can find the obvious differences of family education between America and China.4.2 The Contrast of the Ways of Family Education 4.2.1 Differences in Cultivation of Childrens IndependenceBecause of a fundament
47、al difference in parental concept, there are two completely different ways in cultivating their own childrens independence.First and foremost, Chinese family education and American family education vary in the attitude towards independence. Most American parents think that the child is an independen
48、t individual since he was born, who has his own will and character. Neither the parents nor teachers have priorities to determine and restrict their childrens behaviors. The Declaration of Independence says: “All the people are born equally; they are endowed with holy rights including life, freedom and pursuit of happiness. In order to let the children recognize that they are the masters of themselves, American pa